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Biomedical subjects

M Noda

Publications and source records attributed to M Noda.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Primary structure of the alpha-subunit of bovine adenylate cyclase-stimulating G-protein deduced from the cDNA sequence.

The primary structure of the alpha-subunit of the adenylate cyclase-stimulating G-protein (Gs) has been deduced from the nucleotide sequence of cloned DNA complementary to the bovine cerebral mRNA encoding the polypeptide. Comparison of the amino acid sequences of the alpha-subunits of Gs and transducin reveals that some of the highly conserved regions show sequence homology with elongation factor-Tu and ras p21 proteins and correspond to functional regions of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1986

Chondroblastoma of temporal bone.

The case of a 55-year-old female with chondroblastoma arising from the left temporal bone is presented. Although 10 cases of temporal chondroblastoma have been reported, this is the first in which plain radiography, pluridirectional tomography, computed tomography (CT) and angiography were performed. We discuss the clinical and radiological aspects of this rare tumor.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1986

Detection of genes with potential of suppressing transforming activity of the v-Ki-ras oncogene.

We have tried to detect genes which are expressed in normal cells and have the potential of suppressing transforming activity of the Kirsten sarcoma virus oncogene, v-Ki-ras. The experiments involved isolation and characterization of flat revertants from v-Ki-ras-transformed NIH/3T3 cells following either chemical mutagenesis or transfection of a cDNA expression library constructed from total mRNA of normal human fibroblasts. By these procedures multiple genes could be detected which, when transcriptionally activated, suppress different spectra of transformation-associated properties in spite of persistent expression of the v-Ki-ras gene product.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed1986

[Experience with imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Fundamental and clinical studies on a new carbapenem antibiotic, imipenem/cilastatin sodium (MK-0787/MK-0791), were carried out in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. The following results were obtained. The concentration of MK-0787 in uterine tissue was 3.5 approximately 8.2 micrograms/g at about 30 minutes after an administration of 0.5 g/0.5 g of MK-0787/MK-0791 by a 30-minute intravenous drip infusion. The concentration decreased to less than 0.5 microgram/g by approximately 3 hours. The level of MK-0787 in the pelvic dead space exudate reached a peak of 24.0 +/- 4.4 micrograms/ml at 1 hour after an administration of MK-0787/MK-0791 0.5 g/0.5 g and was higher than the plasma level at 1 hour. The level in the pelvic dead space exudate was 2.0 +/- 0.8 microgram/ml at about 6 hours. The MK-0787/MK-0791 was administered to 4 patients with gynecologic infections (2 patients with pelvic peritonitis, 1 patient with salpingitis, 1 patient with a vulvar abscess). The clinical efficacy was good in all 4 patients. Neither adverse effects nor abnormal laboratory findings were observed. It appears that MK-0787/MK-0791 is a safe and useful antibiotic for the treatment of obstetrical and gynecological infections.

Abscess↗
PubMed1986

[Observer variability in the histopathologic grading of prostatic carcinoma].

To evaluate the feasibility of histopathological grading systems for prostatic carcinoma, interobserver variability was studied. Fifty patients with prostatic carcinoma were independently observed by five experienced pathologists according to each grading system (Gleason, Mayo Clinic, Mostofi, Gaeta, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Japanese Uro-Pathological Committee). Consensus reading was made in each case, and subsequently a mean discrepancy score was calculated in each grading system. Among the six systems, the lowest discrepancy score was obtained by the Japanese Uro-Pathological Committee's. It seems that this system is the most suitable for the histopathological grading of prostatic carcinoma.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1985

Primary structure of the beta-subunit of bovine transducin deduced from the cDNA sequence.

DNA complementary to the bovine retinal mRNA coding for the beta-subunit of transducin has been cloned by screening a cDNA library with oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cloned cDNA has revealed that this polypeptide consists of 340 amino acid residues (including the initiating methionine). Furthermore, cDNA hybridizable with a transducin beta-subunit cDNA probe has been cloned from a library derived from bovine brain poly(A)+ RNA. Comparison of the cloned cDNAs, in conjunction with blot hybridization analysis and S1 nuclease mapping of poly(A)+ RNA from bovine retina, brain and liver, suggests that the mRNAs coding for the beta-subunits of transducin and other guanine nucleotide binding proteins have the same protein-coding sequence but partly different 5'-noncoding sequences.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Primary structure of delta subunit precursor of calf muscle acetylcholine receptor deduced from cDNA sequence.

Clones carrying cDNA sequences for the delta subunit precursor of the acetylcholine receptor from calf skeletal muscle have been isolated. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cloned cDNA has indicated that this polypeptide consists of 516 amino acids including a hydrophobic prepeptide of 21 amino acids. The delta subunit of the calf muscle acetylcholine receptor, like the alpha, beta and gamma subunits of the same receptor as well as the alpha and gamma subunits of its human counterpart, exhibits structural features common to all four subunits of the Torpedo electroplax receptor, apparently being oriented across the membrane in the same manner as proposed for the fish receptor subunits. The degree of amino acid sequence homology between the calf and Torpedo delta subunits (60%) is comparable to that between the beta subunits (59%) and to that between the gamma subunits (56%), but is lower than that between the alpha subunits of the two species (81%). This suggests that the alpha subunit evolved more slowly than the three other subunits. A dendrogram representing the sequence relatedness among the four subunit precursors of the mammalian and fish acetylcholine receptors has been constructed. Some regions of the delta subunit molecule, including the region containing the putative disulphide bridge and that encompassing the clustered putative transmembrane segments M1, M2 and M3, are relatively well conserved between calf and Torpedo. The relative pattern of regional homology is similar for all four subunit precursors.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Nonhepatocytic malignant mixed tumor primary in the liver. Report of two cases.

Among primary tumors of the liver, the group classified as malignant hepatic mixed tumor or hepatoblastoma in adult is among the least common. In this report, two rare cases of nonhepatocytic malignant mixed tumor primary in the liver are reported. Diagnosis was established after autopsy in one and surgery in the other, who is still alive 2 years and 8 months after removal of the tumor by hepatic resection and may be the longest survivor among the nonhepatocytic malignant mixed tumor primary in the liver.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Cloning and sequence analysis of human genomic DNA encoding gamma subunit precursor of muscle acetylcholine receptor.

Human genomic DNA encoding the gamma subunit precursor of the skeletal muscle acetylcholine receptor has been cloned by screening a gene library with a calf cDNA probe and has been subjected to nucleotide sequence analysis. Comparison of the nucleotide sequence of the cloned human genomic DNA with that of the calf cDNA has revealed that the protein-coding sequence of this gene is divided by 11 introns into 12 exons. Evidence is presented to suggest that the human muscle acetylcholine receptor gamma and delta subunit genes are juxtaposed. The primary structure of the gamma subunit precursor of the human muscle acetylcholine receptor has been deduced from the corresponding gene sequence. This polypeptide is composed of 517 amino acids including a hydrophobic prepeptide of 22 amino acids. The gamma subunit of the human muscle acetylcholine receptor, like the alpha subunit of the same receptor as well as the alpha, beta and gamma subunits of its calf counterpart, shares structural features common to all four subunits of the Torpedo electroplax receptor, such as the putative disulphide bridge corresponding to that in the alpha subunit proposed as being in close proximity to the acetylcholine binding site and the four putative, hydrophobic transmembrane segments M1-M4. Thus, the human gamma subunit molecule apparently exhibits the same transmembrane topology as proposed for the fish receptor subunits. The 12 exons seem to correspond to different structural and functional domains of the gamma subunit precursor molecule. Some exons and the protein regions encoded by them are more highly conserved between the mammalian and Torpedo sequences. The pattern of regional homology observed is consistent with the relatively high conservation of the region encompassing the putative disulphide bridge and of the region containing the putative transmembrane segments M1, M2 and M3.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Effects of goniopora toxin on bullfrog atrial muscle are frequency-dependent.

When goniopora toxin (GPT), a marine toxin isolated from coral, was applied to the bullfrog atrial muscle, the duration of action potential (APD) was prolonged, and a positive inotropic effect was produced. Such effects of GPT were influenced by stimulus frequency. At lower frequencies of 0.1 Hz, GPT (10 to 100 nmol/l) produced a moderate prolongation of APD and positive inotropic effect. At higher frequencies (1.0 Hz), however, the effects of GPT on both APD and contraction were suppressed. In contrast, APD and duration of contraction were prolonged with long intervals of stimulation (1-3 min), in the presence of GPT. The rested-state contraction was also markedly increased and prolonged by GPT. When the membrane potential was conditioned by voltage clamp pulses, the prolonged action potential in GPT-treated muscle was shortened in proportion to the increase in conditioning depolarization. However, the shortening effect of conditioning depolarization was attenuated by lengthening the resting period after the conditioning depolarization. These results, in conjunction with our previous results, suggest that the frequency-dependent effects of GPT on APD and contraction reflect time- and and membrane potential-dependent changes of the toxin-modified sodium channels.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1985

An early effect of the S component of staphylococcal leukocidin on methylation of phospholipid in various leukocytes.

On incubation of rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes with the S component of staphylococcal leukocidin at 37 degrees C, the 3H-labeled methyl group of S-adenosyl[methyl-3H]methionine was rapidly incorporated into phospholipid. Subsequently, the methylated phosphatidylcholine was degraded by activated phospholipase A2. Complete blockage of the methylation of phospholipid by a mixture of erythro-9-[2-hydroxy-3-nonyl]adenine, adenosine, and L-homocysteine thiolactone markedly inhibited the activation of phospholipase A2 by the S component. It also inhibited the binding of 125I-labeled F component to the cells, but not that of the labeled S component. These results suggest that methylation of phospholipid in the cell membranes by the S component results in activation of phospholipase A2, which induces the binding of the F component to the cells.

Adenine↗
PubMed1985

Suppression of tropomyosin synthesis, a common biochemical feature of oncogenesis by structurally diverse retroviral oncogenes.

To identify proteins whose production may be altered as a common event in the expression of structurally diverse oncogenes, we compared two-dimensional electropherograms of newly synthesized proteins from NIH/3T3 cell lines transformed by a variety of retroviral oncogenes, from cellular revertant lines, and from a line (433.3) which expresses the v-ras oncogene in response to corticosteroids. Most alterations in the synthesis of specific proteins detected by this approach appeared to be the result of selection during prolonged cultivation and were probably unrelated to the transformation process. However, we detected seven proteins whose synthesis was strongly suppressed in cell lines transformed by each of the six retroviral oncogenes we studied and whose production was fully or partially restored in two cellular revertant lines. Suppression of two of these proteins was also correlated with the initial appearance of morphological alteration during corticosteroid-induced oncogene expression in 433.3 cells. These proteins (p37/4.78 and p41/4.75) were identified as tropomyosins, a group of at least five cytoskeletal proteins. Transformation by the papovaviruses simian virus 40 and polyomavirus caused no suppression of synthesis of these tropomyosins. This indicates that suppression of tropomyosin synthesis is not a nonspecific response by cells to being forced to grow with the transformed phenotype but is specifically associated with oncogenesis by diverse retroviral oncogenes. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the different biochemical processes initiated by expression of structurally diverse retroviral oncogenes may converge on a limited number of common targets, one of which is the mechanism which regulates the synthesis of tropomyosins.

Animals↗