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Biomedical subjects

M Noda

Publications and source records attributed to M Noda.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

A quantitative study of iliac bone histopathology on 62 cases with itai-itai disease.

Sixty-two autopsy cases with "itai-itai" or "ouch-ouch" (in English) disease and 50 control subjects were examined by static quantitative bone histopathology. Decalcified sections after cyanuric chloride treatment (Yoshiki's method) were used. The small observer variances of the decalcified sections guaranteed the accuracy and precision of this method. In the static measurement analyses, significant increases in formation parameters and decreases in structural parameters were observed (P less than 0.05-0.000001), suggesting the presence of a marked osteoid accumulation accompanied by a bone mass reduction. Discriminant analysis clearly separated the patients from the control subjects. Two-thirds of the patients showed an increase in resorption surface prior to osteoid deposition and a decrease in osteoblast surface. Double tetracycline labeling in 4 patients showed an impaired osteoid maturation and mineralization. An impaired osteoblastic function was suggested by the results of the static and dynamic histomorphometry. The bone cadmium contents were measured in 46 patients by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer and found to be increased significantly (P less than 0.01). In Aluminon (an ammonium salt of aurine tricarboxytic acid) staining, a clear, reddish line was located in an osteoid-bone interface, suggesting a reaction of Aluminon with tissue aluminium and/or cadmium. These results suggested that an impairment of osteoblastic function and mineralization occurred in itai-itai disease and that cadmium is a possible etiological factor.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Stimulation of phosphorylation of rat brush-border membrane proteins by Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin, cholera enterotoxin and cyclic nucleotides, and its inhibition by protein kinase inhibitors, isoquinolinesulfonamides.

Stimulation of phosphorylation of rat brush-border membrane proteins by the heat-stable enterotoxin of Escherichia coli (STh), cholera enterotoxin, cGMP and cAMP was demonstrated. Among at least 14 proteins examined, a protein with a molecular mass of 81,000 Da (81 kDa protein) was phosphorylated most in the presence of both STh and cholera enterotoxin, as well as in the presence of cGMP and cAMP. This phosphorylation was inhibited by N-[2-(methylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide (H-8) or N-(2-aminoethyl)-5-isoquinoline-sulfonamide (H-9), which suggests that the phosphorylation occurs through cGMP- and cAMP-dependent protein kinases.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Genetic analysis of the Kirsten-ras-revertant 1 gene: potentiation of its tumor suppressor activity by specific point mutations.

Kirsten-ras-revertant 1 (Krev-1) cDNA encodes a ras-related protein and exhibits an activity of inducing flat revertants at certain frequencies (2-5% of total transfectants) when introduced into a v-K-ras-transformed mouse NIH 3T3 cell line, DT. Toward understanding the mechanism of action of Krev-1 protein, we constructed a series of point mutants of Krev-1 cDNA and tested their biological activities in DT cells and HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells harboring the activated N-ras gene. Substitutions of the amino acid residues in the putative guanine nucleotide-binding regions (Asp17 and Asn116), in the putative effector-binding domain (residue 38), at the putative acylation site (Cys181), and at the unique Thr61 all decreased the transformation suppressor activity. On the other hand, substitutions such as Gly12 to Val12 and Gln63 to Glu63 were found to significantly increase the transformation suppressor/tumor suppressor activity of Krev-1. These findings are consistent with the idea that Krev-1 protein is regulated like many other G proteins by the guanine triphosphate/guanine diphosphate-exchange mechanism probably in response to certain negative growth-regulatory signals.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Identification of a DNA sequence responsible for binding of the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 enhancement of mouse secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP-1 or osteopontin) gene expression.

Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp-1; osteopontin) is one of the abundant noncollagenous proteins in bone matrix and is produced by osteoblasts. We examined the promoter region of the mouse Spp-1 gene and identified a sequence responsible for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 enhancement of the Spp-1 gene expression. This 24-base-pair (bp) sequence (vitamin D response element) is located 761 bp upstream of the transcription start site and consists of two direct repeats of a unique 9-bp motif, AGGTTCACG. The vitamin D response element confers responsiveness of a heterologous promoter to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in a position- and orientation-independent and copy-number-dependent manner. The basal level of expression of the reporter constructs containing this sequence and its response to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were not affected by cotreatment with transforming growth factor beta or the tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or by cotransfection with a JUN expression vector. The vitamin D response element forms DNA-protein complexes, as indicated by gel-retardation assays. The addition of a monoclonal antibody raised against the vitamin D receptor further retarded the mobility of the DNA-protein complex. Another antibody that recognizes the DNA binding region of the vitamin D receptor attenuated its binding to the sequence. These results indicate that this 24-bp sequence containing two 9-bp motifs binds to the vitamin D receptor and mediates the vitamin D3 enhancement of murine Spp-1 gene expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura as a complicating factor in a case of polymyositis and Sjögren's syndrome.

A 62-year-old woman was admitted for evaluation of muscular weakness, skin pigmentation, dry mouth, and interstitial pneumonia. During the course of her stay, adult respiratory distress syndrome, hemolytic anemia, renal failure, neurologic dysfunction, and thrombocytopenia appeared. A clinical diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) accompanied by polymyositis and Sjögren's syndrome was made. She died two weeks after the beginning of plasmapheresis, and an autopsy was performed. Immunohistochemistry disclosed deposits of IgM, fibrinogen, and C1q in glomeruli and arterioles and deposits of C3 in small arteries. von Willebrand's factor antigen, which promotes the adhesion of platelets to the subendothelium, was positive in onion-peeled arteries of the kidney and the spleen. These results suggest that immune complexes may have triggered a sequence of events from vascular endothelial injury to TTP.

Female↗
PubMed1990

A domain responsible for the transformation suppressor activity in Krev-1 protein.

Krev-1 cDNA encodes a ras-related protein and exhibits an activity of inducing flat revertants at certain frequencies (2-5% of total transfectants) when introduced into a v-K-ras-transformed mouse NIH3T3 cell line, DT. To explore the functional organization of Krev-1 protein, we constructed a series of chimeric genes consisting of fragments of H-ras and Krev-1 cDNAs, and tested their biological activities in DT cells. The results indicated that the determinant for the transformation suppressor activity resides in the N-terminal one-third of the Krev-1 encoded polypeptide within which a highly conserved, putative effector-binding domain is present.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1990

Stimulatory effect of staphylococcal leukocidin on phosphoinositide metabolism in rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

When rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) were incubated with staphylococcal leukocidin (F and S components) in the presence of 32Pi at 37 degrees C, incorporation of 32Pi into phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PIP) and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) occurred after a lag phase of 10 s and reached a maximal level at 60 s of 50- and 30-fold increase, respectively, compared with that of the control in the absence of the toxin. Whereas the amount of 32P radioactivity incorporated in PIP and PIP2 decreased to control levels in a few minutes, 32P incorporation into phosphatidic acid (PA) continuously increased over 3 min. These findings suggested an early activation of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C in rabbit PMNs by leukocidin as shown by the rapid breakdown of PIP and PIP2 accompanied by the appearance of PA. The stimulatory effect of leukocidin on some enzymatic activities of the phosphatidylinositol pathway was further investigated by using PMN cell membrane preparations. In the presence of both the F and S components, enhanced 32P incorporation was observed not only in PIP2 and PA but also in PIP. While the F component mainly enhanced 32P incorporation into PIP2 and PA, the S component alone had no effect on 32P incorporation into PIP, PIP2, and PA. The F component alone enhanced conversion of PIP to [32P]PIP2 in the presence of unlabeled PIP and [gamma-32P]ATP, through the activation of PIP kinase. PIP kinase activity was potentiated by the addition of NAD and GTP. Subsequent formation of [32P]PA was also enhanced by the F component, resulting from activation of the phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C. These results suggested that the F component of staphylococcal leukocidin is responsible for the enhancement of phosphoinositide metabolism in rabbit PMN cell membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Muscular sarcoidosis: findings at MR imaging.

Twelve patients with muscular sarcoidosis were evaluated with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging: Nine patients had the nodular type and three had the myopathic type of muscular sarcoidosis. The nodular type showed a characteristic appearance on MR images. In each patient with the nodular type, both T1- and T2-weighted axial spin-echo images showed an oval nodule consisting of a star-shaped area of low signal intensity surrounded by an area of high signal intensity. Histopathologic correlation in patients with the nodular type revealed that the central portion of the nodule was fibrotic tissue surrounded by inflammatory granulomatous tissue. In each patient with the myopathic type of muscular sarcoidosis, MR images failed to show any abnormality; the authors hypothesize that this failure correlated with the sparse distribution of epithelioid cell granulomas. Identification of the star-shaped area of low signal intensity may help in the diagnosis of muscular sarcoidosis and the differentiation of lesions associated with sarcoidosis from other soft-tissue masses.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Family factors affecting adjustment in Japanese immigrant housewives.

Data obtained from 130 questionnaires distributed to immigrant Japanese housewives were analyzed to determine if family factors were associated with poor adjustment, and in particular with depressive symptoms. It was possible to identify women who had no major adjustment problems in adapting to life in Canada (n = 70), transitional adjustment problems (n = 30), late onset adjustment problems (n = 7) and chronic adjustment problems (n = 23). These categories were determined by self-report and validated by symptom identification. Style of marriage, communication with spouse and mother-child interactions were hypothesized to be related to adjustment problems. A 16 item questionnaire was developed to assess the degree to which these factors affected adjustment. The only factor which affected degree of adjustment was communication with the spouse. These results are discussed within the context of traditional hypotheses concerning adaptation to a new culture and the implication for treatment.

Acculturation↗
PubMed1990

Leukemia inhibitory factor suppresses proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and type I collagen messenger ribonucleic acid level and enhances osteopontin mRNA level in murine osteoblast-like (MC3T3E1) cells.

The effect of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) on proliferation and phenotypic expression in murine osteoblast-like (MC3T3E1) cells was examined. LIF inhibited the proliferation of these cells by up to 20% and DNA synthesis was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner with an ED50 of about 0.2 ng/ml. The effect of LIF relative to matched controls increased with decreasing serum concentration, reaching 30% inhibition at 0.2% serum. LIF also reduced the stimulatory effects of platelet-derived growth factor and insulin-like growth factor I on DNA synthesis. The inhibition of the DNA synthesis by saturating concentration of transforming growth factor beta was further enhanced by the addition of LIF, suggesting independent pathways for the action of the two growth inhibitors. In addition, LIF reduced alkaline phosphatase activity and the abundance of type I collagen messenger RNA, but increased the level of osteopontin messenger RNA. These findings suggest that LIF may play a role in regulating the function of osteoblasts.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

[Pathophysiological analysis of cardiac function by computer processing of echocardiograms].

Automatic image processing system has been developed for analysis of cardiac function with echocardiograms. Echograms of apical long axis view were transferred to microcomputer system and processed to display three dimensional images of left ventricular myocardium. With this technology, analysis of left ventricular wall thickness in three dimensional manner revealed pathophysiological changes in ischemic heart disease.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Long-term therapeutic effects of erythromycin and newquinolone antibacterial agents on diffuse panbronchiolitis].

The present study reviewed and summarized the long-term therapeutic effects of erythromycin or newquinolone antibacterial agents on diffuse panbronchiolitis. Various parameters before and after the treatment were analyzed in 101 patients selected from 227 diffuse panbronchiolitis patients gathered from 26 institutes in Japan. Patients had been treated with either erythromycin or newquinolone antibacterial agent for more than 3 months. Patients treated with erythromycin showed significant improvement of dyspnea on exertion, findings of chest X-ray, data on blood gas analysis, rate of ESR, titer of cold coagulation and amount of sputum, compared with patients treated with the newquinolone antibacterial agent. Among the patients treated with erythromycin, those patients with the initial high cold coagulation titer showed better improvement following treatment. However, there was no significant difference in improvement, depending upon either the duration between the time of onset of the disease, the initiation of treatment, and the initial severity of the disease.

4-Quinolones↗