Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Nishimura

Publications and source records attributed to M Nishimura.

At least 1,243 records · Page 69Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Current status in the treatment of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)].

Advances in the treatment of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been falling behind the recent results obtained for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) which had been considered the more malignant type with the shortest survival time. Recently, however, with the introduction of cisplatin, the results of combination chemotherapy for NSCLC have shown a degree of advancement so that an average response rate of 40% and a median survival time (MST) of 8-10 months can be obtained. Our method of combination chemotherapy, PPM (cisplatin, peplomycin, mitomycin C), resulted in an overall response rate of 44% (40% squamous, 29% adeno, 64% large) and an MST of more than 23.3 months in responders. With PFM (cisplatin, 5FU, mitomycin C), response rate was 35% and an MST of 18.7 months was obtained for adenocarcinoma responders. It can therefore be said that we have achieved a new degree of success in the treatment in NSCLC.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Successful generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for self immunoglobulin-determinants on B lymphocytes.

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) specific for self immunoglobulin (Ig) determinants on B lymphocytes were successfully generated. These CTL were induced with stimulator B hybridoma cells bearing self Ig determinants in responders compatible with the stimulators in H-2 antigens but disparate in minor H antigens. Their specificities were directed toward the idiotype and probably the allotype structures of Ig receptors on stimulator B cells. However, no CTL specific for Ig structures other than the idiotype and the allotype were detected. These data indicate the presence of specific precursor CTL for self B cell clones and suggest the possible development and function of these CTL in certain situations.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Pharmacokinetics of ceftizoxime suppository in experimental animals].

Ceftizoxime suppository (CZX-S) was administered rectally to mice, rats and dogs, and the pharmacokinetics were studied in comparison with those after intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration of ceftizoxime (CZX). Absorption of CZX given rectally was rapid in all animals, similar to intramuscular or subcutaneous administration. The peak serum levels of CZX in mice, rats and dogs when administered rectally at a dose of 25 mg/kg were 23.1 micrograms/ml at 7.5 minutes, 23.5 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes and 25.2 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes, respectively. These values were about 76%, 68% and 42% of the values for subcutaneous or intramuscular administration in mice, rats and dogs at the same respective doses. Urinary recoveries of CZX after rectal administration of 25 mg/kg were 44.2% (0-12 12 hours) in rats and 27.7% (0-6 hours) in dogs, and 2.7% (0-6 hours) of the dose was excreted into bile fluid in rats. Organ distribution of CZX when administered rectally to rats was similar in distribution pattern to that of muscular administration, although its concentrations in various organs were slightly lower than those for intramuscular administration, as was the case for serum concentration. Serum concentrations of CZX were proportionately elevated with dose when dogs were rectally administered CZX-S in doses of 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg. In the case of multiple administrations (t.i.d. for 10 days) of CZX-S to dogs, no remarkable difference was found in serum concentrations of CZX in comparison with single doses, and no accumulation of CZX was demonstrated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aging↗
PubMed1985

Extracellular matrix in hepatic granulomas of mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Qualitative and quantitative analysis.

To investigate the role of extracellular matrix molecules in the granulomatous inflammation, cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni were injected subcutaneously into BALB/c mice. Well-organized granulomas consisting mainly of stimulated macrophages and epithelioid cells developed in the liver at 11 weeks after infection, thereafter showing a tendency to heal. Fibronectin and heparan sulfate proteoglycan deposition appeared around parasite eggs, then increased distinctly at 11 weeks after infection, and subsequently diminished. Quantities of glycosaminoglycans and hydroxyproline in the egg lesion increased significantly at 11 weeks after infection. Thereafter, the amounts of glycosaminoglycans decreased, whereas hydroxyproline content did not. The data suggest that fibronectin and other macromolecules interact to form granuloma extracellular matrix, and that these extracellular events participate in the development of granulomatous inflammation and subsequent fibrosis induced by schistosome eggs.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Percutaneous nephrostomy--the method and technical problems].

Ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrostomy (PNS) was performed on 72 patients (80 kidneys) including pretreatment for percutaneous nephro-uretero lithotomy (PNL). PNS was performed for post-renal anuria or hydronephrosis in 23 cases (28 kidneys), for urinary leakage in 4 cases (5 kidneys), for vesical bleeding in 1 case (2 kidneys) and as pretreatment of PNL in 44 cases (45 kidneys). Ultrasound guided renal puncture was done percutaneously and a 0.038 inch J-tipped wire guide was inserted into the suitable calyx. Then the nephrostomy tract was dilated with fascia dilators of Malecot nephrostomy set. A 14 Fr or 16 Fr Malecot catheter was used for hydronephrosis or urinary leakage cases. 18 Fr, 24 Fr Malecot catheter or Bardex balloon catheter 18-22 Fr was inserted for PNL cases. In the PNL group, Ht decreased slightly but there was no need of blood transfusion. In the other groups, Ht did not change. Defect of 99m-Tc-DMSA renal uptake in several cases suggested renal injury at nephrostomied cortex. In about 70% of the cases, a fever of more than 37 degrees C was observed, and in 4 cases, more than 39 degrees C was observed. There were no major complications observed. In conclusion, percutaneous nephrostomy using Malecot nephrostomy set is a safe and effective method.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Percutaneous ultrasonic nepholithotripsy].

Herein we report our experience of percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy on 32 renal calculus patients between March and December 1984. Renal calculus removal was successful in over 78.1% of the patients (91.3% for recent 4 months). All patients had bloody urine after tract dilatation and calculus removal, but this usually cleared in 24-48 hours. No patients have required blood transfusion. The major essential contribution responsible for the success of this technique was a nephrostomy placement made accessible to calculi. Percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy, when combined with adjuncts such as flexible nephroscopy and radiological stone manipulations using stone grasping forceps and Dormia basket catheter, is an effective treatment for renal calculi, with a success rate of over 90%.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1984

The role of sialic acid in the nerve terminal for the release of transmitter.

The role of sialic acid in the frequency of miniature endplate potentials (MEPPs) was examined using neuraminidase and gangliosides in the mouse diaphragm. Neuraminidase increased and decreased MEPP frequency in normal K+ and high K+ solution, respectively. The effects were dependent on the presence of Ca2+ in extracellular medium. Neuraminidase liberated sialic acid from and lowered Ca2+-binding capacity of synaptosomal membrane. Gangliosides treatment of the tissue partially restored the effects of neuraminidase on the frequency of MEPP and Ca2+-binding capacity. It is possible that sialic acid in the nerve endings provides a functional storage site which supply intracellular Ca2+ to cause a transmitter release.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The genesis of bifid T waves: experimental demonstration in isolated perfused rabbit hearts.

In an attempt to elucidate the genesis of bifid T waves, we recorded transmembrane potentials of subepicardial ventricular muscle fibers simultaneously with a bipolar ventricular electrogram in isolated, perfused rabbit hearts, and the timing of the two apices of the T wave (aT1, aT2) was correlated with ventricular repolarization. The following results were obtained. (1) In seven of the nine hearts in which the repolarization process was mapped on the anterior and posterior surfaces of both ventricles, the 80% repolarization times of the left and the right ventricles were scattered around aT1 and aT2, respectively, and their average values closely corresponded to Q-aT1 and Q-aT2 intervals. This suggested that aT1 and aT2 depended on repolarization of the left and the right ventricles, respectively. (2) In one heart, aT1 appeared to reflect repolarization of the posterior ventricular wall, and aT2 that of the anterior wall. (3) In the remaining heart, aT2 coincided with repolarization of the anterobasal portion of the right ventricle, and aT1 that of the remaining portions of the ventricles. Even when ventricular repolarization was modified by low K+, low Ca2+ or procainamide perfusion, or by premature atrial stimulation, the close temporal correlation of the left and right ventricular repolarization with the two apices of the T wave was maintained. Selective cooling of the perfusate in either the left or the right coronary artery resulted in the production of bifid T waves in which aT2 coincided with the delayed repolarization of the cooled ventricle. We conclude that either physiologically or pathologically delayed repolarization in certain portions of the ventricles is most likely the cause of bifid T waves.

Action Potentials↗