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Biomedical subjects

M Nishimura

Publications and source records attributed to M Nishimura.

At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

A case of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-IgG complex formation which causes low plasma LDH activity and an abnormal LDH isozyme pattern.

A case of an LDH-IgG complex formation which causes low plasma LDH activity and an abnormal LDH isozyme pattern was reported. A patient had pericarditis and myocardial hypertrophy of asymmetrical septal hypertrophy type. The same IgG was recognized in pericardial effusion. From a column chromatographic study, the molecular weight of LDH-IgG complex was estimated as being about 490,000. This complex was speculated as the IgG1-LDH2. The mechanism by which LDH-IgG is formed and the relationship between the complex itself and cardiac diseases remain unknown.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Leakage neutrons and X-rays in a therapeutic microtron facility].

Measurements of dose equivalent rate distribution in a medical microtron facility were done for neutrons and X-rays originated from 14 MV or 8 MV X-ray irradiation by the microtron. Measured data are described with empirical formulas for convenience of quantitative reconstruction of the data. A formula consisting of a simple power function agrees well with measured data except for thermal neutrons, and is understood to describe the dose rate separating into the scattered and unscattered components in the case of the point source. The thermal neutron distribution in the maze is described with another formula of an exponential function. A discrepancy was observed between the X-ray distribution in the maze from 14 MV X-ray irradiation and that from 8 MV irradiation. This is estimated to be caused by a contribution of capture gamma-rays increasingly emitted in the case of 14 MV X-ray irradiation.

Neutrons↗
PubMed1986

[Benign clear cell tumor of the lung--a study of immunohistochemistry].

A case of benign clear cell tumor of the lung was investigated immunohistochemically and histochemically. The tumor cells showed a packed proliferation pattern composed of two cell types. The one had polygonal, abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, and the other had clear cytoplasm. These cells contained glycogen in the cytoplasm, detected by PAS and diastase treatment. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was strongly and diffusely stained by anti-vimentin antibody. And anti-NSE and S-100 protein antibodies were also positive in part. But anit keratin, Factor VIII, desmin, myoglobin and myosin antibodies were entirely negative. These results suggest that this tumor is a special neoplasia originating from neural tissue.

Histocytochemistry↗
PubMed1986

Effects of manganese ions on verapamil-induced increase of spontaneous transmitter release in motor nerve endings of rat diaphragm preparations.

Effect of verapamil on the spontaneous transmitter release in the presence and absence of external calcium and manganese ions was examined by monitoring the frequency of miniature end-plate potentials (MEPPs) in the rat diaphragms. Verapamil (25 to 50 microM) caused a sustained increase in the MEPP frequency in a normal Ringer solution and a transient increase in a calcium-free solution without change in the resting potential of end-plate. A readmission of calcium restored the sustained stimulatory effect of verapamil. The stimulatory effect of verapamil in calcium-free solution and the restoration of the effect by the calcium readmission were both blocked by pretreatment with manganese ions. It is suggested that verapamil increases the spontaneous transmitter release from the motor nerve terminal by increasing axoplasmic calcium levels through release from intracellular stores. Calcium may be continuously supplied to these stores from the extracellular space in the presence of verapamil through a pathway that is inhibited by manganese.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Cyclic alternating combination chemotherapy of small cell carcinoma of the lung].

Twenty-six consecutive previously untreated patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with cyclic alternating combination chemotherapy. COAM consists of cyclophosphamide 140 mg/m2 i.v. day 1 through 5, vincristine 1.3 mg/m2 i.v. day 1 and 15, ACNU 50 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, methotrexate 7 mg/m2 i.v. day 1 through 5 repeated at 4 week intervals. VAP consists of VP-16 100 mg/m2 p.o. day 1 through 5, adriamycin 30 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, procarbazine 100 mg/m2 p.o. day 1 through 14 repeated at 4 week intervals. The order of alternating course was determined by the time of entry into the study. There were 12 complete and partial responses (86%) among 14 patients treated with COAM-VAP including 6 complete responses (43%), whereas there were 12 responses (100%) including 4 complete responses (33%) among 12 patients treated with VAP-COAM. There was no significant difference between patients receiving COAM-VAP and VAP-COAM with respect to response, duration of response, and survival. Overall median survival was 9.8 months. There was no significant difference between patients with and without distant metastasis with respect to response, duration of response and survival. Two patients were alive at 24 months. The addition of second combination chemotherapy did not increase the response rate. Most patients had mild or moderate leukopenia. Four patients developed interstitial pneumonia.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Biological and clinical implication of neuron-specific enolase and creatine kinase BB in small cell lung cancer.

The specificity of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and creatine kinase BB (CK-BB) for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) was determined by biological and immunohistochemical procedures in lung cancer tissues and cultured cell lines. Average values of extractable NSE and CK-BB of SCLC tissues were significantly higher than those of non-SCLC and normal lung tissues. A large amount of NSE and CK-BB was demonstrated in SCLC cell lines. Immunohistochemical examination showed positive staining for NSE and CK-BB in most cases of SCLC and in a few cases of non-SCLC. From these data NSE and CK-BB should be considered to be highly specific for SCLC. In a clinical study serum values exceeding 10 ng/ml for NSE and 1.5 ng/ml for CK-BB were set as positive for the enzymes. Positive rates in SCLC were 71.4% for NSE and 65.3% for CK-BB, which were significantly higher than those in non-SCLC. All positive cases were in an advanced stage. Consecutive daily NSE determinations during induction chemotherapy showed transient elevation immediately after the initiation of drug administration (tumor lysis syndrome), followed by a decline to normal range in responders. This phenomenon seems to indicate tumor sensitivity to cytotoxic drugs. NSE positive non-SCLC was as sensitive to cytotoxic drugs as SCLC. These findings indicate that lung cancer with elevated serum NSE and CK-BB levels at diagnosis should be strongly suspected of being SCLC in the advanced stage.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1986

[A randomized controlled trial of surgical adjuvant therapy with mitomycin C, 5-fluorouracil and OK-432 in patients with gastric cancer].

The effect of postoperative immunochemotherapy with mitomycin C (MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and OK-432 was evaluated as an adjuvant therapy after curative resection for gastric cancer. Immediately after surgery, patients were randomly allocated to the following three treatments: (A) chemotherapy with MMC and 5-FU (32 cases); (B) chemoimmunotherapy with MMC, 5-FU and OK-432 (33 cases); and (C) surgery alone as control (34 cases). There were no significant differences in the background factors influencing survival time among the groups, and there was no dose-distribution of chemotherapeutic agents between groups A and B. While the differences were not statistically significant, the survival rate and disease-free interval of group B were better than those of groups A or C. Side effects such as gastroenteric disorder, leukopenia (less than 3,000/mm3), thrombocytopenia (less than 7 X 10(4)/mm3) and increase of serum transaminase level (GPT greater than or equal to 100 units) were less frequently observed in group B than in group A. The results of the present study seemed to indicate that chemoimmunotherapy with OK-432 may be effective for surgical adjuvant therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Influence of basal perfusion pressure on vasoconstrictor and vasodilator responses induced sympathetically and reflexly in pump-perfused rat hindquarters.

The hindquarters of Wistar rats, under pentobarbital anesthesia, were vascularly isolated and perfused at a constant flow rate (6.25 ml/min) with autologous blood. Basal perfusion pressure varied from 60 to 140 mm Hg during the experimental procedure and among individual rats. The magnitude of the constrictor effect of i.a. norepinephrine was virtually constant and independent of the basal pressure. I.A. injection of acetylcholine and histamine; i.v. injection of norepinephrine; and stimulation of the lumbar sympathetic nerves with pulses of 0.03 msec or less, produced dilator responses in the perfused extremities. Stimulation with pulses of 0.1 msec or more resulted in a constrictor response followed by a dilator response. These dilator responses increased linearly and the constrictor responses decreased linearly as the basal pressure increased. Thus, the law of initial value of resistance held true for all dilator responses tested and for the constrictor responses evoked by stimulation of the lumbar sympathetic nerves. This result permitted normalization of these responses to predicted values at a reference perfusion pressure (100 mm Hg) by statistical analysis. The dilator response elicited by stimulation with shorter pulses and the constrictor response elicited by longer pulses had the same time course, which suggests that the constrictor response is probably compounded by a synchronous dilator mechanism. Hexamethonium, guanethidine and prazocin abolished the dilator responses elicited by neural stimulation and those induced by i.v. norepinephrine. These results indicate that the responsiveness of pump-perfused rat hindquarters varies with the existing perfusion pressure in a linear fashion according to the law of initial value of resistance except in the case of i.a. norepinephrine. Both the electrically- and reflexly-evoked dilator responses require intact ganglionic and alpha-adrenergic transmission.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1986

Steatocystoma multiplex. A facial papular variant.

A 32-year-old man had multiple asymptomatic, yellowish to normal skin-colored, moderately firm papules that were disseminated on the forehead, temple, and periauricular region. The histologic, enzyme histochemical, and ultrastructural findings were those of steatocystoma multiplex.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Menkes' kinky hair disease: clinical and experimental study.

A pedigree of Menkes' kinky hair disease (MKHD) is reported. One patient of this family who underwent copper treatment was followed for three years with fundus examinations and ERG measurement. The blood copper level remained normal after six months of age, when intravenous treatment was switched from cupric acetate to cupric sulfate. Optic nerve atrophy and decrease in amplitude of the ERG were observed at three years of age. In an experiment using mouse models of MKHD (macular mouse mutant, Moml), we compared the affected mice that received copper treatment with normal mice. However, there was no difference between them in ERG responses, number of ganglion cells, or thickness of retinal layers. These results support the possibility of prolonged survival and maintained vision in the patients of MKHD by earlier normalization of the copper level.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Determination of dopamine-3- and 4-O-sulphate in human plasma and urine by anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method is reported for the determination of dopamine-3- and -4-O-sulphate isomers in human plasma and urine using an anion exchanger coupled with post-column hydrolysis and fluorimetric detection. Samples of plasma or urine are partially purified on Dowex 1 and Dowex 50 columns and separated using HPLC. These compounds are then hydrolysed and determined automatically by the p-aminobenzoic acid method in a continuous-flow reaction system. As the p-aminobenzoic acid method is very specific for dopamine, it is also possible to determine the isomers by injecting 5-20 microliter of urine or 100-200 microliter of deproteinized plasma directly into the HPLC system without clean-up. The detection limit of the method for both isomers is 0.3 pmol. In normal subjects, the plasma levels of dopamine-3- and -4-O-sulphate are 26.5 (S.D. 11.1) and 2.68 (S.D. 0.34) pmol/ml, and their urinary excretion rates are 1.73 (S.D. 0.56) and 0.27 (S.D. 0.04) nmol/min, respectively. Thus the two isomers are present in both plasma and urine and their urinary excretions reflect directly their plasma levels.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗