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Biomedical subjects

M Nishikawa

Publications and source records attributed to M Nishikawa.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Dimer-X in the intracranial subarachnoid space - electrocorticographic study (author's transl)].

As a sequel to our first report, we are now presenting the results of the ECoG examination of the rats in about 15 min. after injecting Dimer-X into their cisternae magnae. The injection of 28% iodine Dimer-X into the cisterna magna causes the multiple bursts of spikes, but the occurrence is less frequent when the low concentration of Dimer-X are injected. The ECoGs show occurence of a few spikes with the premedication of Valium or Decadron, and very few spikes are seen on the ECoG, when Valium and Decadron are given as a premedication. From these results as seen on ECoG, we conclude that during Dimer-X ventriculography lw concentration of Dimer-X should be used with premedication of Valium and Decadron.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Experimental autologous transplantation of the knee joint: contributions of microvascular surgery (a preliminary report).

Free autologous transplantations of joints can be successfully performed, if careful microsurgical techniques are used. We have carried out autologous exchange transplants of the knee in 28 cats, anastomosing the vessels supplying the knee on one side and leaving the other side with no anastomosis as a control. The operational procedures and the general anaesthesia require special precautions. The permeability of a vascular anastomosis can be judged with scintigraphic and arteriographic techniques. The vascularization and bone remodeling as measured scintigraphically are in direct relation to the blood supply of the operated knee joints. Histological examinations have confirmed the clinical and radiographic findings.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1977

Experimental intracranial aneurysms.

Methods and results of creation of an experimental intracranial aneurysm on the canine basilar artery using an autogenous vein graft are presented. Aneurysms were produced either on the wall of the basilar artery or at a lingual-basilar artery anastomosis site. Postoperative angiography revealed no success in the first group and 55% success in the second group, with better results occurring later in the series. Mortality was higher in the first group. Hemodynamic and technical factors are discussed and compared with earlier work on experimental aneurysms in the rat. Construction of an aneurysm at the site of a lingual-basilar artery anastomosis seems to provide a satisfactory model for biophysical and catheter embolization experimentation, although at present it is unsuitable for studies of acute subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Experimental extracranial-intracranial anastomosis.

A new experimental model for the study of extracranial-intracranial anastomosis has been developed. Canine external ethmoidal arteries have been anastomosed to the middle cerebral arteries. A 100% patency rate has been achieved ten days after operation. The surgical techniques are described. Using this model, we studied the changes of cortical intraarterial pressure and tissue O2 tension under a variety of conditions. From the results of this experiment, it is concluded that the restoration of the cortical intra-arterial pressure may be expected after anastomosis, that tissue O2 tension value depends upon restoration of the cortical intra-arterial pressure in the acute stage, and that O2 and CO2 inhalations have little effect on the brain ten days after middle cerebral arterial occlusion in spite of recovery of intra-arterial pressure with anastomosis. The experimental results suggest that the restoration of the intra-arterial pressure after anastomosis may be of no use in supplying oxygen to ischemic cortex in the chronic stage because of dysfunction of the cortical microvasculature.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Intracisternal dimer X: toxicity and prophylaxis.

Although Dimer X is said to be a low toxic water soluble contrast medium, epileptic seizures sometimes occur during or after Dimer X ventriculography. The toxicity of this dye was examined in rats and possible prophylactic measures were evaluated. From the results of our experiment it was concluded that Dimer X of low concentration should be used with premedication of Valium and Decadron.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis: a peculiar case with unusual dystonic behavior and variable relations of paralysis to serum potassium levels.

This report describes a male patient, aged 49, with tyrotoxic periodic paralysis. The patient had had episodes of main d'accoucheur for eight years. Since thyrotoxicosis had affected the patient last year, he had had attacks of flaccid paralysis of the limbs associated with main d'accoucheur. While the spontaneous attack was normokalemic and responded favorably to potassium, attacks similar to the spontaneous one were provoked not only by glucose infusion, carbohydrate feeding, and NaCl infusion, but also by oral KCl administration. Transition from hypokalemic to hyperkalemic type of paralysis occurred during potassium treatment of a sodium-induced attack, and that from hyperkalemic to hypokalemic type of paralysis occurred after glucose infusion given during a potassium-induced attack. Intra-arterial epinephrine injection caused prompt paralysis of the perfused hand. A main d'accoucheur was induced in one hand by cooling it in chilled water. The spontaneous attacks of flaccid paralysis disappeared after the patient returned to the euthyroid state, but reappeared when he was treated with high doses of desiccated thyroid. Even when the patient was relieved from thyrotoxicosis, he still experienced stiffness in his hands. The administration of glucose, insulin, and KCl also provoked attacks of paralysis with main d'accoucheur or main d'accoucheur. The disease could be of the normokalemic variety of periodic paralysis with fluctations in the potassium levels depending on the provocative tests employed. It seems that the unusual dystonic behavior of this patient is due not to myotonia, but to muscle spasm resulting from metabolic abnormalities. It could also be suggested that excess thyroid hormones have adverse effects on the development and syndrome of periodic paralysis by abetting a latent hereditary abnormality.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1976

Stimulation of growth hormone release by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in two males with isolated gonadotropin deficiency.

The pituitary functions were tested in two males with the typical clinical pictures of hypogonadism. The secretions of ACTH, TSH, GH and prolactin in these patients were maintained within normal limits, whereas they had markedly diminished LH and FSH levels in plasma. Plasma LH and FSH responses to the intravenous injection of 100 mug LH-RH were absent or limited. After 7-day treatment with intravenous infusion of 400 mug LH-RH, they showed normal or improved responses to the intravenous injection of 100 mug LH-RH. Thus, the diagnosis of isolated gonadotropin deficiency due to a hypothalamic lesion was established. Initially, the standard LH-RH test (100 mug intravenous injection) did not elicit a rise in plasma GH levels. However, it was of interest that after the repeated stimulation by 400 mug LH-RH, GH response to the intravenous injection of 100 mug LH-RH was observed in both patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Dimer-X in the intracranial subarachnoid space--its toxicity (author's transl)].

The reaction of the rats to injection of Dimer-X into the intracranial subarachnoid space or the cerebrum was examined. When 28% iodine Dimer-X was injected into the subarachnoid space, 7 of 10 rats showed agitation, which is the most severe complication, and all died within one hour. All of the reactions were reduced with the lower concentrations of Dimer-X. The rats which were premedicated with Valium and/or Decadron revealed fewer and less severe complications. It is believed that the intracerebral injection method has many disadvantages, the results of its experiment are therefore reported without further elaboration. From the results of the experiment it is concluded as follows: 1) Dimer-X should not be injected into the intracranial subarachnoid space. 2) Dimer-X of low concentration in the subarachnoid space reduces the complications. 3) Complications from the subarachnoid application of Dimer-X can be reduced by premedication with Valium and Decadron.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Experimental aneurysms.

Aneurysms were produced experimentally with vein patch grafts on the carotid artery in the neck in rats. Aneurysms created at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery had a greater tendency to enlarge than did those on the trunk of the common carotid artery. Four aneurysms on the carotid trunk thrombosed; none did so at the bifurcation. The aneurysms ruptured in nine cases, more often when they were covered with oxycell than when they were not. Experimental aneurysms were also produced on the middle cerebral arteries in dogs.

Animals↗