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Biomedical subjects

M Nishikai

Publications and source records attributed to M Nishikai.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Autoantibodies to a 68/48 kDa protein in chronic fatigue syndrome and primary fibromyalgia: a possible marker for hypersomnia and cognitive disorders.

OBJECTIVE: To identify antinuclear antibodies (ANA) specific for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and in related conditions such as fibromyalgia (FM) or psychiatric disorders. METHODS: One hundred and fourteen CFS patients and 125 primary and secondary FM patients were selected based on criteria advocated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and by the American College of Rheumatology, respectively. As controls, healthy subjects and patients with either various psychiatric disorders or diffuse connective tissue diseases were included. Autoantibodies were examined by immunoblot utilizing HeLa cell extracts as the antigen. RESULTS: Autoantibodies to a 68/48 kDa protein were present in 13.2 and 15.6% of patients with CFS and primary FM, respectively. In addition, autoantibodies to a 45 kDa protein were found in 37.1 and 21.6% of the patients with secondary FM and psychiatric disorders, respectively. Meanwhile, these two autoantibodies were not found at all in connective tissue disease patients without FM, nor in healthy subjects (P<0.05). As a group, the anti-68/48 kDa-positive CFS patients presented more frequently with hypersomnia (P<0.005), short-term amnesia (P<0.07) or difficulty in concentration (P<0.05) than those CFS patients without the antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of the anti-68/48 kDa protein antibodies in a portion of both CFS and primary FM patients suggests the existence of a common immunological background. These antibodies may find utility as possible markers for a clinicoserological subset of CFS/FM patients with hypersomnia and cognitive complaints.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical significance of magnetic resonance imaging of skeletal muscles in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies of adults].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of skeletal muscles in Japanese patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). MRI was performed in 23 adult patients with IIM, including 10 with polymyositis, 12 with dermatomyositis, and 1 with focal myositis. Seven (73%) of 11 patients with active IIM and 2 (17%) of 12 patients with inactive IIM showed hyperintensity of T 2-weighted images and normal intensity of T 1-weighted images, indicating "edema-like abnormalities" (MRI findings for active myositis). Muscle lipomatosis and fibrosis were demonstrated in four patients and 1 patient, respectively. Considerable selectivity of muscles in developing inflammatory disorders was found. In quadriceps muscles, for example, vastus muscles seemed to be more often affected in DM patients, whereas adductors were more often affected in PM patients. Serial examination of muscle MRIs was carried out in 4 patients and the findings paralleled the disease activities. The muscle MRI findings did not necessarily correlate with other findings, such as the presence of muscle weakness, elevated serum creatine kinase levels, myogenic electromyogram, or muscle biopsy findings. The muscle MRI was considered to be an additional useful tool for the diagnosis, evaluation of disease activity, and planning treatment of IIM.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Fibromyalgia].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Female↗
PubMed1999

[Polymyalgia rheumatica].

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a disease of unknown etiology characterized by severe myalgia and stiffness at shoulder girdle and pelvic girdle muscles and by normal serum creatine kinase levels. Marked elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, acute onset within two weeks, and appearance in the aged are also additional characteristics of PMR. Ten to 50% of PMR patients have a concomitant temporal arteritis (TA)(giant cell arteritis). For the differential diagnoses of PMR, rheumatoid arthritis, polymyositis, fibromyalgia, malignancies, infections and depression should be considered. PMR without TA is treatable successfully with small amount of steroids (15-20 mg/day of prednisolone). For the PMR patients with TA should be treated with large amount of steroids (40-60 mg/day of prednisolone) or steroid pulse therapy.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1998

Anti-Jo-1 antibodies in polymyositis or dermatomyositis: evaluation by ELISA using recombinant fusion protein Jo-1 as antigen.

We evaluated an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting anti-Jo-1 antibodies in patients with polymyositis (PM) or dermatomyositis (DM) by use of the recombinant fusion protein Jo-1. Sera from 64 patients with PM or DM, from 80 patients with other connective tissue diseases, and from 64 healthy subjects matched for age, sex and race, were studied by the ELISA and by the double immunodiffusion (DID) method. Eight patients with myositis (six PM, one DM and one DM with malignancy) with positive anti-Jo-1 by DID also showed positive results by the ELISA method, whereas five patients with positive anti-Jo-1 by this ELISA showed negative results on DID. One of the five had non-specific results. The incidence of positive results for anti-Jo-1 with the ELISA (18.8%) was greater than that for DID (12.5%), but the difference was not statistically significant. All patients with positive results for anti-Jo-1 by DID were also positive by the ELISA. The ELISA system with the recombinant Jo-1 antigen was useful in the detection of anti-Jo-1 antibodies in patients with PM/DM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

'Seronegative' Sjögren's syndrome manifested as a subset of chronic fatigue syndrome.

We determined the extent to which chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients with sicca symptoms fulfil the diagnostic criteria for Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Three sets of diagnostic criteria for SS, formulated by the Japanese, Europeans and Fox, were used. One-third of the CFS patients with sicca symptoms fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for SS. However, they were 'seronegative', differing from the ordinary primary SS.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Coxsackievirus infection and the development of polymyositis/dermatomyositis.

Recently, it has been suggested that coxsackievirus plays an etiologic role in juvenile dermatomyositis (DM). Neutralizing antibodies to 12 coxsackievirus antigens were measured in the sera of four clinical subsets of patients with adult polymyositis (PM)/DM. Elevated antibody titers to coxsackievirus A7, B3, and B4 were detected in patients with adult PM, adult DM, and adult PM/DM with malignancy, respectively. The development of these three subsets of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies may be related to infection with specific coxsackievirus serotypes.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Calcinosis and the anticentromere antibody: its clinical, radiological and immunogenetic aspects.

The relationship between calcinosis and the anticentromere antibody (ACA) was studied from a clinical, radiological and immunogenetic standpoint. Ten ACA-positive scleroderma patients, 34 ACA-negative scleroderma patients, 31 ACA-positive patients without sclerodermatous skin changes and 140 ACA-negative patients with various rheumatic diseases were compared with regard to the incidence of calcinosis as measured by radiographs of hand and/or foot. Calcinosis was found in 10 (100%), 12 (35%), 13 (42%) and eight (6%) patients in each group respectively. Frequent sites for calcinosis in the ACA-positive patients were foot (24%), hand (21%) and leg (19%). The forearm was not usually involved (6%). During the follow-up term (1.0-9.5 years; mean 4.5 years) of 11 ACA-positive patients without calcinosis, four (36%) developed new calcinosis and this incidence was significantly higher (P less than 0.02) than that in the ACA-negative control group (2/42; 4.8%). As a whole, 23 (59%) of 39 patients with ACA showed calcinosis. In the ACA-positive patients with calcinosis, sclerodactyly (P less than 0.005) and CREST syndrome (P less than 0.001) were found more frequently than in ACA-positive patients without calcinosis. HLA-A2 was found more frequently (67%) in the ACA-positive patients with calcinosis when compared to normal subjects (41%) (P less than 0.02). We concluded that calcinosis seems closely related to scleroderma, especially those with ACA, and that the development of calcinosis requires a certain genetic background.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1992

[Chronic fatigue syndrome--study of 51 cases treated at the Second Tokyo National Hospital].

Fifty-one patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) were studied. Tender points, which are a characteristic clinical feature of fibromyalgia, were found in all but two of the patients at 11.4 points (mean) per patient. IgG antibody titers to EB virus viral capsid antigen were more elevated in the CFS patient group compared to that of the control (p < 0.0015). IgG antibody titers to HHV-6 were not higher in the patient group. NK cell activity was not more decreased in the patient group, whereas, the mean number of NK cells was lower (p < 0.005) in the patient group, when CD57 was used as the NK cell marker. Viral infections and/or disorders in cellular immunity may be important factors in the pathogenesis of CFS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Fibromyalgia in Japanese.

Fifty Japanese patients were diagnosed as having fibromyalgia. This group was compared with 50 Japanese control patients and 293 North American patients with fibromyalgia. In comparison of pain complaints and symptoms for fibromyalgia in Japanese and North Americans, ["pain all over" (98%), fatigue (98%), anxiety (66%), irritable bowel syndrome (50%) and sicca symptoms (71%)] were more frequently found in the Japanese patients. However, the major components of fibromyalgia were not wholly different in Japanese individuals compared with North Americans.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Isolation and characterization of human fibroblast tenascin. An extracellular matrix glycoprotein of interest for developmental studies.

We have developed a biochemical method for purifying human tenascin from cultured fibroblasts or the culture medium. The method is a series of biochemical procedures including gel filtration, gelatin gel affinity chromatography and ion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography. The final preparation was identified as tenascin from its immunological cross-reactivity to antibody against chicken tenascin, strong hemagglutination activity which has been reported to be one of the biological functions of chicken tenascin, and from the electron microscopic study demonstrating a six-armed structure. Gel chromatography showed that intact human tenascin has an apparent molecular weight of over one million. Analysis of the purified tenascin with SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions demonstrated that tenascin consists of two kinds of subunits (250K and 190K). We established rat x mouse heterohybridoma cell lines which produce tenascin-specific antibodies. One monoclonal antibody (RCB1) was selected for immunohistochemical study and partially characterized. RCB1 bound native tenascin but not reduced and alkylated tenascin. Immunohistochemistry of normal and neoplastic tissues demonstrated that RCB1 bound the connective tissues surrounding the cancer nests and various normal tissues including interstitium of renal distal tubule, periosteum, endosteum, smooth muscles of digestive tract and media of arteries and arterioles.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

SLE-like and sicca symptoms in late component (C9) complement deficiency.

Hereditary deficiencies in early and late complement components are well known to predispose to SLE-like syndromes or recurrent infection. Hitherto reported C9 deficient cases have usually been healthy subjects, however, and it is not considered that C9 deficiency is associated with any specific disease. We describe a completely C9 deficient patient with possible Sjögren's syndrome and discuss the relationship.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1986

Idiopathic peripheral enthesopathy without spondylarthritis.

A 40 year old man who had a systemic inflammatory enthesopathy without spondylarthritis and HLA-B27 is described. The presence of hypergammaglobulinaemia and the effectiveness of glucocorticoid therapy suggested the possibility of its aetiology being 'autoimmune' in nature.

Adult↗