A method of treatment for pseudoarthrosis of the femoral neck. A preliminary report.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
M Nishida
Publications and source records attributed to M Nishida.
Histopathology of prepubertal rat testes subjected to various durations of spermatic cord torsion.
Sixty prepubertal rats were subjected to unilateral spermatic cord torsion for a duration of 0, 1, 3, 5, 9 or 12 hours. At the end of this period, the ipsilateral testes either were removed for immediate processing or subjected to detorsion and orchiopexy, followed by a six-week recovery period prior to histologic study. Twelve histologic parameters were each scored according to the degree of pathologic findings, thus allowing for a quantitative assessment of testicular damage. The sequence of specific histologic degeneration that occurred with spermatic cord torsion is described. These changes were found to be dependent on the duration of torsion, with the greatest damage occurring after three hours or more. In the animals undergoing detorsion followed by a six-week recovery period, severe degeneration was noted for all durations of torsion studied. The extent of this degeneration was significantly correlated with a reduction in fertility.
Animals↗
Establishment of a novel embryonic stem cell line by a modified procedure.
To generate mutant mice, embryonic stem (ES) cells are used as a vehicle for introducing mutations. The establishment of ES cells is difficult because it requires specific skills and it is time-consuming. We established a novel ES cell line derived from hybrid mice between C57BL/6 and DBA/2 using a modified method. To collect a large number of preimplantational embryos, we collected embryos at the 8-cell stage and cultured them to blastocysts, whereas the usual procedure of preparing the delayed blastocysts demands technical skills. To eliminate unnecessary female cells at an initial stage of inner cell mass culture, male clones were selected by polymerase chain reaction to detect the mouse Sry gene. The established ES cell line efficiently contributed to the germ-line when injected into 8-cell embryos of ICR mice. This potency was maintained after manipulation throughout gene targeting.
Animals↗
Retroposition of the AFC family of SINEs (short interspersed repetitive elements) before and during the adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes in Lake Malawi and related inferences about phylogeny.
Lake Malawi is home to more than 450 species of endemic cichlids, which provide a spectacular example of adaptive radiation. To clarify the phylogenetic relationships among these fish, we examined the presence and absence of SINEs (short interspersed repetitive elements) at orthologous loci. We identified six loci at which a SINE sequence had apparently been specifically inserted by retroposition in the common ancestor of all the investigated species of endemic cichlids in Lake Malawi. At another locus, unique sharing of a SINE sequence was evident among all the investigated species of endemic non-Mbuna cichlids with the exception of Rhamphochromis sp. The relationships were in good agreement with those deduced in previous studies with various different markers, demonstrating that the SINE method is useful for the elucidation of phylogenetic relationships among cichlids in Lake Malawi. We also characterized a locus that exhibited transspecies polymorphism with respect to the presence or absence of the SINE sequence among non-Mbuna species. This result suggests that incomplete lineage sorting and/or interspecific hybridization might have occurred or be occurring among the species in this group, which might potentially cause misinterpretation of phylogenetic data, in particular when a single-locus marker, such as a sequence in the mitochondrial DNA, is used for analysis.
Animals↗
Uterus didelphys associated with obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis: MR findings in seven cases.
BACKGROUND: Although a specific syndrome of the uterus didelphys, obstructive hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis had been reported in gynecologic literatures, it is not familiar to radiologists. We introduce this syndrome with radiological, especially MR findings. METHODS: Imaging findings and medical records of seven patients with this syndrome were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: MR clearly demonstrated uterus didelphys with obstructed hemivagina in six of the seven patients. A remaining one showed uterus didelphys with left-sided hematometra and hematosalpinx who had undergone vaginal septum incision prior to the MR. We could also recognize ipsilateral renal agenesis in all five patients, in whom renal areas were examined on MR. After vaginal septum resection, symptoms disappeared in six patients. We could observe the disappearance of the obstructive complications with MR in three patients. CONCLUSIONS: MR can do much for the early diagnosis and the prevention against further complications of this condition because it can demonstrate the müllerian duct anomaly complicated with obstructed hemivagina in detail and even ipsilateral renal agenesis.
Adolescent↗
Combined frontal bone reshaping and forehead lift for frontal sinus hypertrophy.
A technique to correct frontal sinus hypertrophy is presented. The outer table of the frontal sinus is removed and divided into three pieces with an oscillation saw. The pieces are trimmed at the margin, fixed with two microplates, and regrafted. Bilateral lateral thick portions of the supraorbital rim are shaved with a surgical burr. At the same time, a forehead lift is performed. A satisfactory result with a flat and wide forehead can be obtained by employing this technique.
Adult↗
Endometrial carcinoma coexisting with pregnancy, presumed to derive from adenomyosis: a case report.
Endometrial carcinoma coexisting with pregnancy is rarely observed. We report here the case of a 35-year-old woman with an endometrial carcinoma that was diagnosed 6 months after childbirth. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a cystic mass attached to the uterus, with a papillary projection on the wall of the mass. The patient underwent complete surgical extirpation and five postoperative courses of adjuvant chemotherapy, given that the tumor contents had leaked into the peritoneal cavity when the capsule of the tumor ruptured intraoperatively. Microscopic examination revealed an endometrioid adenocarcinoma in the muscular layer close to the uterine serosa that was presumed to derive from adenomyosis. Further investigation is required to elucidate the pathogenesis of endometrial carcinoma in association with pregnancy and adenomyosis.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Differential diagnosis between normal endometrium and endometrial hyperplasia with immunostaining cytology using anti-LeY monoclonal antibody.
We have previously reported that both endometrial cancer and endometrial hyperplasia stain positively for the anti-LeY monoclonal antibody, whereas normal endometrium does not. Endometrial hyperplasia is a premalignant change associated with the eventual development of endometrial carcinoma. However, it can be difficult to differentiate hyperplasia from normal endometrium in cytology. This study illustrates the use of immunocytochemical cytology using anti-LeY monoclonal antibody to differentiate between endometrial hyperplasia and normal endometrium. Immunostaining using anti-LeY monoclonal antibody was performed on cytologic specimens obtained from 17 normal endometria, 25 endometria with endometrial hyperplasia, and 13 endometria with endometrial carcinoma. All normal endometria displayed negative staining for anti-LeY monoclonal antibody, whereas all endometria with endometrial carcinoma displayed positive staining. Of the endometrial hyperplasia cases, 21 displayed positive staining. However, four displayed negative staining due to the small number of cells available for diagnosis. We believe that immunostaining cytology using anti-LeY monoclonal antibody is a useful method for differentiating between normal endometrium and endometrial hyperplasia.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Use of small pelvic field instead of whole pelvic field in postoperative radiotherapy for node-negative, high-risk stages I and II cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
We investigated whether a small pelvic (SP) field that covers primarily the pericervical regions in postoperative radiotherapy for cervical squamous cell carcinoma is adequate for a subgroup of node-negative patients. Of 84 patients with stage I-II disease treated with postoperative radiotherapy due to pathologic risk factors, 42 node-negative patients received SP-field radiotherapy, whereas remaining 42 node-positive patients were treated with a conventional whole pelvic (WP) field that also covered pelvic lymph nodes, both with 50.0-50.4 Gy/25-28 fractions. The pathologic risk factors included positive nodes, deep stromal invasion (>/=2 /3 thickness), parametrial extension, and positive or close surgical margin. Recurrence was identified for 20 patients: three in the SP group and 17 in the WP group. Intrapelvic recurrence accounted for all three recurrences in the SP group and for four in the WP group; 5-year pelvic-control rate did not differ significantly between the SP (93%) and WP (90%) groups. Extrapelvic recurrence (n = 11) was identified exclusively in the WP group. Patterns of recurrence indicate that use of an SP field instead of a WP field may be adequate in postoperative radiotherapy for a subgroup of node-negative, high-risk patients.
Adult↗
Testicular feminization: role of MRI in diagnosing this rare male pseudohermaphroditism.
PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to assess the role of MR in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with testicular feminization (TF). METHOD: MR scans of seven patients with TF were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: MR could diagnose uterus agenesis in all cases. Undescended testes were depicted within or just below the inguinal canal in four cases. They were smaller and more hypointense than those in normal males. Testes that we could not find by MR were found during surgery in two cases. They were just below the inguinal canal where we had not scanned caudally enough in one and they were too small to be detected in the other. CONCLUSION: MR can demonstrate both uterine agenesis and undescended testes in TF. The latter tend to be missed because they are small and can be anywhere in the abdomen and inguinal canal. Radiologists should perform careful MR examination to detect testes in patients suspected having TF, as these organs are more likely to undergo malignant neoplasia.
Adolescent↗
3D-CT stereoscopic imaging in maxillofacial surgery.
We obtained stereoscopic 3D-CT images in maxillofacial bone fracture patients. These images are made at two different angles. One is equivalent to the view obtained by a subciliary incision during surgery. Another is equivalent to the view obtained by oral incision during surgery. A stereoscopic image is created with a pair of images that differ from each other by a 6 degree shift of the z axis.
Adult↗
Ionic binding of 3H-gentamicin and short-time bactericidal activity of gentamicin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates with different lipopolysaccharide structures.
The clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be roughly classified into long- and short-LPS strains and LPS-deficient strains. Ionic binding of 3H-gentamicin was the highest in the long-LPS strains followed in descending order by short-LPS and LPS-deficient strains. However, PAC605 strain, completely lacking in the repeated units of O-polysaccharide and also lacking in some of the neutral sugar residues of the core oligosaccharide region, highly bound to 3H-gentamicin and it is suggested that the negatively charged sites on the deep-core oligosaccharide region and/or on lipid A participated in the binding to 3H-gentamicin. This manner of binding may be also applied to P. aeruginosa No. 45 (LPS-deficient), a clinical isolate.
Gentamicins↗
Drug-resistance patterns of clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with reference to their lipopolysaccharide compositions.
Fifty-nine strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from blood, urine, pus, sputum and feces, were divided into three groups on the basis of differences in their LPS composition, in long- and short-LPS strains and in LPS-deficient strains. The long-LPS strains were far more frequently isolated among blood, urine and fecal specimens than in the remainder, and the frequency of LPS-deficient strains was higher in sputum specimens than in the remainder. The drug resistance patterns of the three LPS-type strains to six different kinds of anti-pseudomonal drugs, including gentamicin, differed significantly.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Novel modulator for endothelial adhesion molecules: adipocyte-derived plasma protein adiponectin.
BACKGROUND: Among the many adipocyte-derived endocrine factors, we recently found an adipocyte-specific secretory protein, adiponectin, which was decreased in obesity. Although obesity is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, the molecular basis for the link between obesity and vascular disease has not been fully clarified. The present study investigated whether adiponectin could modulate endothelial function and relate to coronary disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: For the in vitro study, human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were preincubated for 18 hours with the indicated amount of adiponectin, then exposed to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) (10 U/mL) or vehicle for the times indicated. The adhesion of human monocytic cell line THP-1 cells to HAECs was determined by adhesion assay. The surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (E-selectin), and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was measured by cell ELISA. Physiological concentrations of adiponectin dose-dependently inhibited TNF-alpha-induced THP-1 adhesion and expression of VCAM-1, E-selectin, and ICAM-1 on HAECs. For the in vivo study, the concentrations of adiponectin in human plasma were determined by a sandwich ELISA system that we recently developed. Plasma adiponectin concentrations were significantly lower in patients with coronary artery disease than those in age- and body mass index-adjusted control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: These observations suggest that adiponectin modulates endothelial inflammatory response and that the measurement of plasma adiponectin levels may be helpful in assessment of CAD risk.
Adipocytes↗
Decreased hepatic nitric oxide synthesis during liver surgery.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Liver cells can produce nitric oxide from L-arginine through the action of nitric oxide synthase, but local changes in the concentrations of nitric oxide-related metabolites during liver surgery are not well characterized. We investigated such changes during and after liver surgery. METHODOLOGY: We determined nitrite plus nitrate, L-arginine and L-citrulline concentrations in radial arterial and hepatic venous blood during and after liver surgery in 17 patients. Portal venous blood concentrations were also measured at the end of surgery in 7 patients. RESULTS: Both arterial and hepatic venous nitrite plus nitrate concentrations were significantly decreased during surgery and remained low compared to pre-operative values until post-operative day 2. Arterial and hepatic venous nitrite plus nitrate concentrations were not significantly different. L-arginine concentrations in both arterial and hepatic venous blood were significantly decreased during surgery, but returned to pre-operative levels on post-operative day 1. L-arginine concentrations in hepatic venous blood were significantly lower than in arterial blood. L-citrulline concentrations in both arterial and hepatic venous blood were significantly decreased during surgery compared to pre-operative values, and tend to be decreased until post-operative day 2. L-citrulline concentrations were significantly higher in hepatic venous blood than in arterial blood. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatic nitric oxide production was decreased peri-operatively during liver surgery. The decreases in L-arginine concentrations and in nitric oxide synthase activity may account for the decrease in nitric oxide production.
Adult↗
Levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-1 receptor antagonist in the hepatic vein following liver surgery.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The liver produces various cytokines, but local changes in the concentrations of these reaction products after liver surgery are unknown. We investigated the local changes of interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist after liver surgery. METHODOLOGY: We determined levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in the hepatic vein and radial artery after liver resection in 13 patients. These cytokine levels in the portal vein were also measured in 6 patients. RESULTS: Interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist levels were significantly increased during liver surgery (P < 0.05). The level of interleukin-6 was significantly lower in the hepatic vein than in the radial artery as well as in the portal vein at the end of the operation (P < 0.05, < 0.03). The level of interleukin-8 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist was significantly higher in the hepatic vein than in the artery (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Interleukin-6 may be taken up by the liver after liver surgery, and the difference between hepatic venous and peripheral arterial interleukin-6 levels may be an indicator of liver regeneration after liver resection. Interleukin-8 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist appear to be produced in the remaining liver.
Aged↗
Experimental study of hepatic artery embolization: evaluation of various embolic materials.
Transcatheter arterial embolization was performed in a group of rabbits bearing VX2 tumor in the liver by injecting gelatin sponge (GS) with or without an anticancer agent (ACA) or Lipiodol with or without ACA. The antitumor effects as evaluated by tumor size and histological examination revealed that GS with or without ACA was most effective, followed in order by Lipiodol-ACA, aqueous solution of ACA and Lipiodol alone. On the other hand, severe normal tissue damage (necrosis of the liver and gallbladder) with elevation of plasma GOT, GPT, and LDH levels was more commonly observed in GS with or without ACA. Pharmacological analysis of plasma and tissue revealed that the antitumor effect of Lipiodol-ACA was due to prolonged release of ACA in addition to the embolization effect of Lipiodol, while the chemotherapeutic role of ACA was of little importance in GS-ACA.
Alanine Transaminase↗
Ovarian dysgerminoma: MR and CT appearance.
OBJECTIVE: We determined the MR and CT appearance of ovarian dysgerminoma and correlated our findings with the pathologic features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT and MR findings of three patients with ovarian dysgerminoma were retrospectively reviewed and compared with the pathologic findings. RESULTS: The tumors were divided into lobules by septa that were hypointense or isointense on T2-weighted imaging and showed marked enhancement on Gd-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid enhanced T1-weighted imaging and contrast-enhanced CT. These septa corresponded to fibrovascular bundles at histologic examination. CONCLUSION: CT and MR findings characteristic of fibrovascular septa within solid ovarian masses should raise the possibility of dysgerminomas.
Adolescent↗