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Biomedical subjects

M Nesbit

Publications and source records attributed to M Nesbit.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

BCG in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Children with acute lymphocytic leukemia, who were in remission after induction with prednisone and vincristine and consolidation with intravenous methotrexate, were randomized into three groups receiving (1) no further therapy, (2) BCG, and (3) chemotherapy with biweekly methotrexate and monthly prednisone and vincristine. Children continuing in remission after 8 mo on chemotherapy in group 3 were rerandomized into three similar groups, i.e., no therapy, BCG, and chemotherapy. In the primary randomization, the median duration of remission was identical in the groups receiving no therapy or BCG, (4 and 4.3 mo respectively), and both were significantly less than the median duration of remission on chemotherapy which had not been reached prior to secondary randomization at 8 mo. Results of secondary randomization were similar to those of primary randomization. As used in this study, BCG was ineffective in prolonging drug-induced remissions either early in remission or when the leukemic cell population might have been further reduced after 8 mo of maintenance chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adenoviral-mediated gene transfer in wound healing: acute inflammatory response in human skin in the SCID mouse model.

The use of an adenoviral vector as a means of therapeutic protein delivery for the treatment of impaired wound healing is a potentially effective application of current gene transfer techniques. This study was designed to investigate the ability of adenovirus to mediate gene transfer in healing wounds in human skin in vivo. The human skin/severe combined immunodeficient mouse chimera model was used to study both the response of human tissue to adenoviral infection and the nature of the acute inflammatory response. The effects of adenoviral infection and transgene expression on the rate and quality of human wound healing were then investigated. Cell- and species-specific monoclonal antibodies were used to characterize the resident skin cell types participating in wound repair, the inflammatory response, and the proliferative potential of adenovirus-treated compared to control skin. Our studies show that, following wounding, normal skin architecture is restored in the presence of adenoviral infection equivalent to noninfected controls. Despite an increased acute inflammatory response after adenovirus injection, no difference in the healing capabilities of wounded skin was observed, suggesting that adenovirus-mediated gene transfer for growth factor-mediated acceleration of wound healing may be feasible.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intralesional methylprednisolone for Langerhans' cell histiocytosis of the orbit and cranium.

A 27-month-old girl had a rapidly expanding orbital frontal bone mass due to Langerhans' cell histiocytosis. The CT of the orbit showed a lateral orbital mass containing an irregular density that extended into the intracranial cavity through a lytic lesion of the bone. This is the first report of the use in the orbit of an intralesional steroid injection. Five months later the lesion had not recurred. This treatment spared the patient radiation therapy or a craniotomy with curettage.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of prognostic factors in improving the design and efficiency of clinical trials in childhood leukemia: Children's Cancer Study Group Report.

Prognostic factors are exerting an increasingly apparent and important influence on the results of comparative treatment regimens in childhood leukemia. Since February 1975, 883 previously untreated children with acute lymphocytic leukemia were entered in a protocol designed to evaluate prognostic factors that influence induction rate, remission duration, and survival and to identify subsets of patients with a high risk of early failure. Stratification was based upon the initial wbc count, and standard and more intensive induction and maintenance therapy programs were compared. The combination of older age (> 10 years), high initial wbc counts (greater than or equal to 20 x 10(9)/liter), and low serum IgG is associated with a significantly lower rate of induction of complete remission. The following factors were associated with an unfavorable prognosis with regard to bone marrow relapse and death: wbc count of greater than or equal to 20 x 10(9)/liter; age > 7 years old; CNS disease at diagnosis; L2 lymphoblasts; hemoglobin level greater than or equal to 11 g/dl; decreased concentration of serum immunoglobulin; and M3 marrow on Day 14 of induction. None of the 41 patients in the low-risk prognostic group (3-7 years old with an initial wbc count of < 10 x 10(9)/liter) with L1 blast cells, normal Ig, and M1 marrow on Day 14 has sustained an adverse event. Identification of prognostic factors should permit more efficient and effective design of future protocols by refining the classification of acute lymphocytic leukemia, decreasing the toxic risk to patients with a better prognosis, and improving the relatively poor remission duration and survival for patients with a poor prognosis.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adhesion receptors in human melanoma progression.

Melanoma often develops from clinically and histologically well-defined precursor lesions. During progression of normal melanocytes to benign nevi, dramatic changes in the expression of adhesion receptors are observed, most notably loss of E-cadherin which mediates adhesion of melanocytes to keratinocytes, and gain of Mel-CAM which predominantly mediates heterotypic adhesion between cells. Major changes in adhesion receptors also occur when cells progress from dysplastic nevi or biologically early radial-growth-phase primary melanomas to biologically late (tumorigenic) vertical-growth-phase primary melanomas. The integrin subunit beta 3 is up-regulated, whereas other integrins such as alpha 6 beta 1 and alpha V beta 1 are down-regulated. This review highlights the major changes in adhesion receptor expression on melanocytes at various stages of tumor progression.

Cell Adhesion↗