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Biomedical subjects

M Nelson

Publications and source records attributed to M Nelson.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Haemoglobin, ferritin, and iron intakes in British children aged 12-14 years: a preliminary investigation.

The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence of Fe deficiency and Fe-deficiency anaemia in a group of apparently healthy adolescents, and to assess the value of a food frequency and amount questionnaire as a screening tool to identify children at risk of Fe deficiency. White schoolchildren (399) aged 12-14 years living in a Southwest London suburb completed a food frequency and amount questionnaire to assess usual Fe and vitamin C intake, and provided a thumb-prick blood sample for analysis of haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), and serum ferritin (SF). Children were classified as 'anaemic' if Hb was below the Dallman 3rd percentile (girls: < 120 g/l; boys: < 122, < 124 and < 126 g/l at ages 12, 13 and 14 years respectively); and 'low' or 'borderline' in Fe stores if SF was < 12 micrograms/l, or between 12 and 20 micrograms/l respectively. Of the boys and girls 3.5 and 10.5% respectively were anaemic; 1% of boys and 4% of girls had low ferritin values, and 14% of boys and 16% of girls were borderline. Fe intakes were significantly higher in boys than in girls (12.3 v. 9.6 mg/d, P < 0.001). Prevalence of anaemia was 14.5% in the group with both low Fe intakes (< lower reference nutrient intake) and low vitamin C intakes (< median), compared with 2.3% in the group with both high Fe intakes (> reference nutrient intake) and high vitamin C intakes (> median).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Serum thymidine kinase as a prognostic indicator for patients with multiple myeloma: results from the MRC (UK) V trial.

The significance of serum thymidine kinase (STK) as a prognostic indicator for patients with myeloma has been evaluated by determining the pre-treatment level of STK in a retrospective study of 547 patients from the Medical Research Council (MRC) V Myeloma Trial. Overall, STK was a highly significant prognostic factor (Chi 2 = 7.91; P = 0.005). At the time of censor, 23.4% of patients with a presentation STK of < 6 U/l but only 7.9% of the patients with an STK of > 11 U/l were still alive. STK proved to be a highly significant prognostic indicator for the 270 melphalan-treated patients (Chi 2 = 12.37; P = 0.0004) but had no prognostic significance for the 277 ABCM (adriamycin, BCNU, cyclophosphamide and melphalan) treated patients (Chi 2 = 0.29; P = 0.59). When the STK data was stratified for serum B-2-microglobulin (SB2M) it was demonstrated that STK was independent of SB2M and provided additional prognostic information for patients who were treated with melphalan. Thus patients with both a low STK and SB2M had the best prognosis (median survival 1677 d) and those patients with a high STK and SB2M had the worst prognosis (median survival 519 d). STK is a good prognostic marker for patients treated with melphalan but the prognostic significance of STK may disappear with the introduction of new chemotherapy regimens.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1993

Financial planning: a necessity for the '90s.

The changing face of healthcare demands a long-range strategic financial planning system. Yet who's responsible? The chief information officer or the chief financial officer? Reiff and Nelson provide a framework for CIOs to understand their CFO's needs.

Decision Support Systems, Management↗
PubMed1993

Validation of a food frequency questionnaire for assessing dietary intake in a study of coronary heart disease risk factors in children.

A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was designed and validated for use in an epidemiological survey measuring coronary heart disease risk factors in British children. The questionnaire asked about the frequency of children's consumption of 35 food items over the previous month and was completed by parents/guardians. Food items represented a range of food groups from which children may eat, with emphasis on foods with a high fat and fibre content. The questionnaire was validated against 14 daily recalls of consumption, using the same food list as the FFQ. The sample consisted of 272 children, aged 5-11 years, The response rate for the FFQ was 92% and for the recall, 82% in the first week and 66% in the second week. The level of agreement between the FFQ and the recall was measured by calculating (McGinnis JM & Nestle M, 1989, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 49, 23-28) the median difference between results from the two methods and (Willett WC (ed.), 1990, Nutritional epidemiology, ch. 15; Oxford University Press) the percentage of children classified by FFQ to within +/- 1 day per week of the recall. Median differences between individual items on the questionnaire and the recall were < or = 0.5 days for 91% of items and equal to 1 day for the remainder. The percentage agreement to within +/- 1 day per week between frequencies reported in the two methods ranged from 99.8% for lamb to 46.8% for low-fibre cereal. Better agreement was found for food items representative of fat intake than those of fibre intake.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child↗
PubMed1992

TonB-independent ferrioxamine B-mediated iron transport in Escherichia coli K12.

The TonB protein of Escherichia coli K12 couples the energized state of the cytoplasmic membrane with energy-dependent receptors in the outer membrane. High affinity iron transport mediated by ferric dicitrate, ferrienterobactin, ferriaerobactin, ferrichrome, and coprogen all require a functional tonB protein. However, we have found no difference between the growth rates of tonB+ strains and tonB strains using ferrioxamine B as the sole iron source. This TonB-independence of FOB transport and earlier results with a photoactive FOB analog indicate a separate mechanism for iron acquisition from FOB in E. coli.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1992

Characterization of Chlorella virus PBCV-1 CviAII restriction and modification system.

A second DNA site-specific (restriction) endonuclease (R.CviAII) and its cognate adenine DNA methyltransferase (M.CviAII) were isolated from virus PBCV-1 infected Chlorella strain NC64A cells. R.CviAII, a heteroschizomer of the bacterial restriction endonuclease NlaIII, recognizes the sequence CATG, and does not cleave CmATG sequences. However, unlike NlaIII, which cleaves after the G and does not cleave either CmATG or mCATG sequences, CviAII cleaves between the C and A and is unaffected by mCATG methylation. The M.CviAII and R.CviAII genes were cloned and their DNA sequences were determined. These genes are tandemly arranged head-to-tail such that the TAA termination codon of the M.CviAII methyltransferase gene overlaps the ATG translational start site of R.CviAII endonuclease. R.CviAII is the first chlorella virus site-specific endonuclease gene to be cloned and sequenced.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Autoantibodies to thrombomodulin: development of an enzyme immunoassay and a survey of their frequency in patients with the lupus anticoagulant.

In order to investigate the possibility that autoantibodies to thrombomodulin (TM) may exist in patients with the lupus anticoagulant (LA) and perhaps be implicated in the pathogenesis of recurrent thrombosis seen in such patients, we developed an enzyme-immunoassay to screen serum samples for anti-human TM activity. The major technical problem encountered in developing this assay was to reduce the non-specific binding of serum components from both the LA positive and the negative population. Considerable reduction of non-specific binding was achieved by use of a phosphate/citrate buffer at pH 8.0 and the use of an optimal sample dilution of 1/40. In addition, samples were always tested in parallel in blank wells and results are expressed as an OD ratio. Samples from 113 patients with the LA were assayed and compared to 78 patients referred for LA testing but found to be negative. The mean OD values for the LA positive patients (+/- SD) was 1.36 (0.44) with a range of 0.78-2.57. This was virtually identical to the values for the LA negative population (1.38 +/- 0.40, range 0.76-2.77). The results of this study indicate that there is no evidence for the presence of a significant autoantibody activity to TM in patients with the LA when compared to LA negative patients. If such autoantibodies do exist their frequency must be quite low.

Autoantibodies↗