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Biomedical subjects

M Nap

Publications and source records attributed to M Nap.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The distribution of mucins, carcinoembryonic antigen, and mucus-associated antigens in endocervical and endometrial adenocarcinomas.

The presence and distribution of mucins, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and mucus-associated antigens M1, M2, and M3 were investigated in 22 normal endocervices, 25 normal endometria, 25 endocervical adenocarcinomas, and 32 endometrial adenocarcinomas to determine their contribution in the differential diagnosis of endocervical and endometrial adenocarcinoma. Sections of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were stained with conventional histochemical stains such as d-PAS and Alcian blue to investigate the distribution of mucins. For the demonstration of CEA and the mucus-associated antigens an indirect immunoperoxidase technique was used. In the present study d-PAS and Alcian blue stains, as well as immunohistochemistry of CEA, did not contribute to the discrimination between adenocarcinomas of the endocervix and endometrium. Immunohistochemistry of mucus-associated antigens showed a positive reaction of M3 in the majority (68%) of the endocervical carcinomas. In contrast, if foci of endocervical-type metaplasia were excluded, M3 was absent in tumor cell cytoplasm of endometrial adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, the expression of M2 without the presence of the other mucus antigens in tumor cell cytoplasm, as seen in 24% of the endometrial adenocarcinomas, was never found in endocervical adenocarcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Immunohistochemistry of carcino-embryonic antigen in the embryo, fetus and adult.

This study concerns the immunohistologic distribution of carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) in tissues and organs from 86 legal abortions, stillborn fetuses and perinatal deaths and from 5 adults without inflammatory disease or cancer. Monospecific antibodies to CEA of both polyclonal and monoclonal origin were applied to serial sections obtained from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. Starting from the 9th week of gestational age, a positive staining reaction for CEA was found in the surface epithelium of the tongue, the tracheal mucosa and the following locations of the gastro-intestinal tract: the gastro-oesophageal junction, the pyloric antrum, the upper duodenum, throughout the colon and appendix. In the adult, CEA was also found at these sites. All other organs such as the central nervous system, lung, thyroid, thymus, liver, pancreas, gastric corpus, spleen, adrenals, kidney, ureter, bladder, gonads and breast were negative for CEA. Therefore, CEA appears to be a normal antigen in the gastro-intestinal tract at any age from fetal life onwards.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Immunohistochemical detection of the ras oncogene product p21 in advanced ovarian cancer. Lack of correlation with clinical outcome.

The monoclonal antibody RAP 5 immunoreactive with the ras gene product p21 was used in an immunohistochemical study of 57 patients with advanced ovarian cancer and in 28 normal ovaries. The pattern of the staining of various tumor specimens was similar to the germinal epithelium of normal ovaries, whereas the intensity of staining was more enhanced in carcinomas than in normal ovaries. However, we found a lack of correlation among staining intensity of RAP 5 and the histologic type, the histologic grade, the ploidy class, and the clinical outcome.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

Explanation of the limited correlation between tumor CA 125 content and serum CA 125 antigen levels in patients with ovarian tumors.

The concentration of the tumor marker CA 125 in tumor tissue, cyst fluid, ascites fluid, and serum from patients with epithelial ovarian tumors was quantitated. Immunohistologic studies showed that CA 125 was present in 90% of the nonmucinous epithelial ovarian tumors. Quantitative analysis of the fluid from 57 cysts revealed that CA 125 was present in concentrations of up to 2140,000 U/ml in samples from malignant nonmucinous epithelial ovarian lesions, and up to 116,000 U/ml in mucinous tumors, but also in concentrations of up to 371,000 U/ml in benign serous cystadenomas. In contrast, pre-operative serum CA 125 levels were elevated in almost all of the patients with malignant ovarian tumors but not in most of those with benign ovarian tumors. These findings suggest that in benign ovarian tumors there is an effective barrier between the cyst fluid and the circulation that prevents the appearance of CA 125 in the serum, whereas in malignant tumors infiltrative growth leads to the release of antigen into the circulation. Furthermore, CA 125 values in ascites fluids were up to 130 times higher than the serum antigen levels, which indicates that the peritoneum serves as a barrier for high molecular weight tumor antigens. The current results show that tumor basement membranes and peritoneal barriers play a notable role in the transit of tumor antigens, one which must be taken into account in the monitoring of serum marker levels of cancer patients.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistological characterization of a monoclonal antibody (OV632) against epithelial ovarian carcinomas.

A hybridoma cell line (OV632) producing monoclonal antibody against ovarian carcinomas was developed from the spleen cells of a mouse immunized with cystic fluid from a serous cystadenocarcinoma. Immunohistological studies in frozen sections showed that 22 out of 28 nonmucinous ovarian carcinomas, which included serous, endometrioid, clear cell, and undifferentiated tumours, reacted with this antibody. Three out of 7 mucinous ovarian carcinomas were positive, whereas only 7 out of 122 extra-genital malignant lesions, predominantly adenocarcinomas, were positive. The negative cases included 38 breast carcinomas and 24 colon carcinomas, tumours which are responsible for most of metastatic disease in the ovary. On the basis of these findings, the antibody OV632 is considered appropriate for histodiagnostic purposes as an aid in the distinction between primary and secondary ovarian cancer.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Epidemiology of Crohn's disease in Regio Leiden, The Netherlands. A population study from 1979 to 1983.

An epidemiologic study of inflammatory bowel disease was conducted in Regio Leiden, the Netherlands, between 1979 and 1983. Archives of endoscopy, radiology, pathology, and specialist letters were reviewed for suspected patients with inflammatory bowel disease, together with a survey of all general practitioners to verify completeness of data. One thousand forty patients were identified and each diagnosis was reviewed. Two hundred ten patients had Crohn's disease and 257 had ulcerative colitis. Of the other 573 patients, the largest proportion (21%) had incomplete data for disease classification. Others had irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulitis, or ischemic or irradiation colitis; some were nonresident patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated within the region and others were out of the period for inclusion in this investigation. The incidence of Crohn's disease was 3.9 per 10(5) per year and the period prevalence was 48 per 10(5). The sex-specific incidence was similar, although the disease was significantly more common in women aged 20-29 yr. The prevalence in the city municipalities of Leiden and Alphen on the Rijn (63 per 10(5)) was similar but significantly greater than in suburban (39 per 10(5)) or agarian areas (40 per 10(5)). This may be partially due to urban density but not to differences in water supply. The lack of cases in the migrant population almost reaches significant levels, but studies in locations with a higher migrant population may clarify the issue.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1987

Aneuploidy and expression of gastric-associated mucus antigens M1 and CEA in colorectal adenomas.

A series of 55 flow cytometric characterized colorectal adenomas was analyzed with four different monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) for the occurrence of M1 antigens (associated with gastric fucomucins) and one Mab for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The antigens were detected with an indirect immunoperoxidase technic on paraffin sections after pretreatment with pronase for M1 antigens and without pretreatment for CEA. The staining pattern revealed different correlations with the various parameters, i.e., size, histologic type, atypia, and ploidy of the adenomas. Especially the cytoplasmic staining of anti-M1, Mab (1-13 M1) correlated well with aneuploidy (R = 0.43; P less than or equal to 0.001) and with the DNA index (R = 0.34; P less than or equal to 0.01). Staining of the anti-CEA Mab only correlated with the size of the adenomas (R = 0.29; P less than or equal to 0.03). It is concluded that the immunoreactivity of Mab (1-13 M1), which significantly correlated with aneuploidy, may be associated with malignant transformation in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

The value of tumour marker CA 125 in surgical pathology.

CA 125 is a tumour marker located primarily on non-mucinous epithelial ovarian tumours and which is recognized by the monoclonal antibody OC 125. In this study the value of CA 125 in surgical pathology was assessed. In fresh frozen material, the expression of CA 125 was demonstrated in 82% of 83 epithelial ovarian neoplasms using the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. In addition, all adenocarcinomas of cervix (n = 5) and endometrium (n = 15) tested expressed CA 125, and 25 of 111 (22%) non-gynaecological malignant tumours were positive. The positive cases included 20 breast carcinomas, one carcinoma of the stomach and one of the colon. Using a commercial kit on routinely fixed, paraffin embedded material, CA 125 positivity was demonstrated in 29 of 36 (80%) serous cystadenocarcinomas after pronase pre-treatment of the sections, in contrast to 100% (n = 25) positivity on frozen tissue sections. CA 125 can, therefore, be demonstrated in routinely fixed paraffin embedded material, although the number of positive results is less than in fresh frozen sections.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1987

Fetoacinar pancreatic protein in the developing human pancreas.

The distribution of the 110-kilodalton fetoacinar pancreatic (FAP) protein was examined in 56 pancreases obtained from human embryos and fetuses (ranging 6 from weeks of gestation to full term) and 10 normal adult pancreases. This recently discovered protein is a concanavalin-A-binding glycoprotein that is specific for acinar cells of the pancreas. Using a murine monoclonal antibody for either immunoperoxidase or immunofluorescence procedures, FAP-protein expression was not found in embryos at less than 9 weeks of gestation. At 9-10 weeks, a clear staining was observed in the terminal portions of dilated buds in primitive pancreatic tubular structures (i.e., the site of the first development of the future acinus). At 11-12 weeks, acinar structuration began, and FAP-protein expression increased as shown by the higher number of stained acini and the greater staining intensity. Maximal expression occurred at 15-22 weeks and then gradually decreased; from 28 to 32 weeks until full term, the pancreas was almost negative for this protein. In the adult pancreases, the protein was either absent or only present in acinar cells surrounding the islets of Langerhans. The pancreatic ducts and endocrine cells remained negative throughout gestation and in adults. FAP-protein thus appears to be a marker of acinar-cell differentiation. Its function remains unknown at present. Its close association with the growth and development of the pancreas together with the fact that, in a previous study, it was found to be re-expressed in pancreatitis and in cancer, suggest that it may play a role in developmental regenerative and neoplastic processes in the pancreas.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Differentiation antigens in fetal human pancreas. Reexpression in cancer.

An antiserum was raised against pancreatic extracts obtained from human fetuses under 5 months of gestational age. After absorption with adult tissues, this antiserum specifically recognized antigens located in the cytoplasm of fetal pancreatic acini. All of the examined pancreatic tissues, ranging from 3 to 5 months of gestational age, showed a strong positive reaction of most of the acinar cells. The number of stained acini and the staining intensity gradually decreased from 5 months onwards and by the 7th-8th month only a few cells remained positive. Adult pancreas was completely negative as were a variety of normal adult and fetal tissues. This antiserum also reacted with tumor structures in 18/18 pancreatic adenocarcinomas as well as with pancreatic acini in the vicinity of tumor. Primary carcinomas of the liver, large bowel, stomach, breast, urinary bladder, lung and other localizations did not react with this antiserum. In some cases of chronic pancreatitis (3/12) a reaction was observed in a few acinar cells. Immunoblot assay after polyacrylamide electrophoresis revealed, in both fetuses and tumors, two main antigens of approximately 60 kDa and 110 kDa relative molecular weight. Several minor components were also observed. These results suggest that our polyclonal antiserum defines a new group of oncodevelopmental antigens with high organ specificity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Comparison of two methods of treating primary malignant melanomas Clark IV and V, thickness 1.5 mm and greater, localized on the extremities. Wide surgical excision with and without adjuvant regional perfusion.

A comparative retrospective study of patients with primary malignant melanomas of the extremities, Clark level IV/V and tumor thickness greater than or equal to 1.5 mm, was performed in Sydney (Australia) and Groningen (The Netherlands). The efficacy of wide local excision combined with adjuvant regional perfusion (Groningen) was compared with that of wide surgical excision only (Sydney). Patients were classified by sex and tumor location. There were only sufficient numbers of female patients with a tumor of the lower extremity available for this comparative study. All patients were stage I and none received prophylactic lymph node dissection. Age, tumor location, tumor thickness, depth of infiltration and ulceration were taken into account and the factors studied within this group were 10-year disease-free rate, 10-year survival rate, and local and regional recurrences. Women with a melanoma of the leg (excluding the foot) who had been treated by excision and adjuvant regional perfusion, had a significantly better 10-year disease-free rate (P less than 0.0005), a significantly higher 10-year survival rate (0.010 less than P less than 0.025) and significantly fewer local/regional recurrences (P less than 0.0005) than women treated by wide local excision only. For tumors of the foot, however, no significant differences in 10-year disease-free rate, 10-year survival rate or local/regional recurrences were observed after perfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Distribution of GICA in normal gastrointestinal and endocervical mucosae and in mucinous ovarian cysts using antibody NS 19-9.

Through the immunoperoxidase method using antibody 19-9, we demonstrated the presence of gastrointestinal cancer-associated antigen (GICA) in normal gastrointestinal and endocervical mucosae and in benign mucinous ovarian cysts of pure endocervical type in Le(a+b-) and Le(a-b+) patients exclusively. However, GICA was more quantitatively expressed in Le(a+b-) than in Le(a-b+) patients. GICA was always encountered in the ducts of esophageal glands, Wirsung's ducts, goblet cells of villosities near the ileo-colonic junction, and the mucus columnar cells of the endocervical mucosae or ovarian mucinous tumor epithelium. In other areas of the gastrointestinal tract, GICA was sometimes found in the mucus cells of esophageal glands, near the neck cells of gastric mucosae, in goblet cells of the upper part of the small intestinal villosities, and in colonic Lieberkühn glands, especially in the cell maturation compartment. GICA therefore appears to be a normal component of gastrointestinal and endocervical mucosae.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Hepatocellular carcinoma, adenoma, and focal nodular hyperplasia. Comparative histopathologic study with immunohistochemical parameters.

For the evaluation of differential diagnostic parameters, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n = 26), liver cell adenoma (n = 4), focal nodular hyperplasia (n = 8), and secondary liver tumors (n = 15) were studied with histologic and immunohistochemical methods. The study was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections, and, in some cases, also on frozen sections. The diagnostic contribution of the demonstration of alpha-fetoprotein, alpha-antitrypsin, hepatitis B surface antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and biliary glycoprotein I (BGPI), compared with routine hematoxylin-eosin and reticulin stains was evaluated. For the differentiation between HCC, adenoma, and focal nodular hyperplasia, immunohistochemistry contributed less than the strict application of histologic criteria. Immunohistochemistry of CEA and BGPI, however, appeared to be of help in differentiating between primary and secondary liver tumors as follows: CEA is consistently absent in liver cell tumors, while a bile canalicular staining pattern was seen in 80% of HCC due to the presence of BGPI reactivity.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

CEA and NCA in benign and malignant breast tumors.

The involvement of Nonspecific Crossreacting Antigen (NCA) in the immunohistological demonstration of Carcino Embryonic Antigen (CEA) in 56 benign and 92 malignant lesions of the breast was analyzed. For this purpose, the authors utilized both polyclonal antisera and monoclonal antibodies. Polyclonal anti-CEA sera were used after absorption with normal tissue antigens, in order to remove crossreactivity, and without such an absorption. Ninety-three percent of breast carcinomas, 85% of mastopathic lesions not associated with a carcinoma, and 66% of fibroadenomas showed positive reactions with commercial unabsorbed polyclonal anti-CEA serum, which contained antibodies to NCA, whereas incubation with monospecific anti-CEA antiserum resulted in 42% positivity in carcinomas and negativity in mastopathic lesions and fibroadenomas. Forty-eight percent of breast cancer, 84% of mastopathic lesions, and 50% of the fibroadenomas contained NCA in different quantities. The staining pattern of carcinomas and fibroadenomas obtained with unabsorbed anti-CEA antibody and anti-NCA did not run parallel in all cases. Monoclonal antibodies against CEA and NCA confirmed the results obtained with polyclonal antiserum. This study suggests a cancer specificity of CEA in breast lesions.

Absorption↗
PubMed1983

Cross-reactivity with normal antigens in commercial anti-CEA sera, used for immunohistology. The need for tissue controls and absorptions.

The demonstration of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in serum and in tissue sections may be of value in diagnosis and follow-up of several malignant tumors. Anti-CEA sera, however, cross-react with normal antigens, also present in tumors. The staining patterns of three commercially produced anti-CEA sera were investigated on sections of benign and malignant tissues, using an indirect immunoperoxidase technic. All three anti-CEA sera tested showed cross-reactions. A rapid, simple, and reproducible immunoabsorption was developed. After absorption, the reactivity of the sera with normal colon mucosa and carcinomas of the colon remained positive, whereas sections of benign tissues were negative. Moreover, four of ten breast cancers, positive with unabsorbed antisera, became negative after absorption. These findings stress the importance of immunohistochemical negative and positive controls. The use of well-absorbed commercial anti-CEA sera can lead to more uniform results, exchangeability of results, and a better understanding of the value of this tumor marker.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1982

Malignant granular cell tumor. Report of a case with special reference to carcinoembryonic antigen.

A case of malignant granular cell tumor and its histochemical and electron-microscopic characteristics are reported. This case showed, in addition to the well-known distribution of this type of tumor in subcutaneous fat, mediastinum, retroperitoneum and lungs, multiple foci in the myocardium. Contrary to recent studies reporting the presence of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in benign and malignant granular cell tumors, this case is CEA-negative. We suggest that the reported CEA-reactivity in this type of tumor is probably due to cross-reacting antibodies against antigens, presumably associated with lysosomes.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗