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Biomedical subjects

M Nakata

Publications and source records attributed to M Nakata.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

NK cells in carcinomatous and tuberculous pleurisy. Phenotypic and functional analyses of NK cells in peripheral blood and pleural effusions.

To compare local immunity with that in peripheral blood, we examined 14 patients with carcinomatous pleurisy and 22 patients with tuberculous pleurisy by phenotypic and functional analyses of NK cells. We calculated the proportions of NK cells by means of anti-Leu 7 and anti-Leu 11 mAbs and the rates of NK cell activity by means of K 562. The percentages of Leu 7+ and Leu 11+ cells in both carcinomatous and tuberculous pleural effusions were lower than those in peripheral blood; however, there was no difference between carcinomatous and tuberculous pleural effusions in the proportions of Leu 11+ cells. The NK cell activity in tuberculous pleural effusions was the same as that in peripheral blood, while in carcinomatous pleural effusions, NK cell activity was lower than in peripheral blood; however, NK cell activity was much higher in tuberculous than in carcinomatous pleural effusions. Our study offers some pathophysiologic insight into the responses of NK cells to cancer and to tuberculosis in relation to peripheral blood and pleural effusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Labor of freight-container tractor drivers and low-back pain. Characteristics of the low-back pain through clinical findings].

In order to clarify the characteristics of the low-back pain which is prevalent among freight-container tractor drivers, a medical examination, composed of orthopedic tests and questions about health conditions, was carried out on 231 tractor drivers. Prevailing complaints were: dullness or stiffness of the shoulder (71%); dullness of the neck (69%); dullness of the low back (62%); low-back pain (42%); dullness of the lower limbs (39%) and dullness of the back (36%). The rates of complaints of dullness or pain of the neck, shoulder, upper limbs, back or lower limbs, and disturbance of daily activity were associated with the grade of low-back pain evaluated from the subjective symptoms. Orthopedic examination revealed fatigue signs of muscles i.e. tenderness of the body trunk and limbs, tenderness or percussion pain on the spinous processes, and poor results in some tests on muscle strength. These findings were seen more frequently in the group with subjective symptoms, but even among the group without symptoms, they were evident to some degree. These findings were considered to originate from the fact that the freight-container tractors had many ergonomic problems and the daily driving hours of many drivers were estimated to exceed the allowable vibration exposure time of the ISO.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1987

A trial of automatic kidney detection in a dynamic renal study.

We developed an automatic kidney detection procedure designed to do away with extraneous margins such as the liver or spleen while leaving the kidney margins intact using Laplacian operations and concurrence calculations. We evaluated the detectability of kidneys using our procedures and found that the renal margins were successfully detected in 84 cases of 100 subjects (84%) including 176 kidneys out of a total of 198 kidneys (89%). It was shown that as the renal function decreased the detectability of the renal margin decreased. In eight cases (16 kidneys) out of 9 patients who later resultantly received hemodialysis even manual settings of the renal ROI were very difficult. After excluding these 8 cases the detectability was 92% for all the cases and 95% for the kidneys. It was our conclusion that this method is sufficient for clinical application.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Investigation of clinical effect of flomoxef].

Flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S) is a new antibiotic of oxacephem group with a broad antibacterial spectrum. Seven patients were treated by intravenous instillation of 1 g of FMOX twice daily. Seven-day treatment with FMOX was ineffective against chronic bronchitis caused by Escherichia coli in a patient who had received an operation for esophageal cancer 6 years previously. Seven-day treatment with FMOX was effective against acute pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus in a patient with lung cancer. Nine-day treatment with FMOX was effective against pulmonary suppuration caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in a patient with lung cancer. Six-day and 7-day treatment with FMOX were excellently or moderately effective against suspected obstructive pneumonia in 2 patients with lung cancer. Five-day and 6-day treatment with FMOX were ineffective against fever of unknown origins in 2 patients with lung cancer. Overall, FMOX was effective in 4 of the 7 patients evaluated.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[How to evaluate recirculation effect on brain function after global ischemia--broad spectral EEG analysis by Fourier method].

EEG alterations after 5 or 10 minutes of global ischemia were investigated for 6 hours of postischemic period in 18 adult cats, together with biophysiological parameters such as cerebral blood flow, intracranial pressure, systemic blood pressure, heart rate, and blood gases. Our EEG analytical system is composed of high fidelity pre-amplifier, AA 6 MK II (Medelec Limited, England) and signal processor 7T 08 (NEC-SanEi, Japan). It is qualified to analyze frequencies up to 20 kHz within 3 dB cut-off. Particular features of our EEG analytical method are focused on Fourier analysis about broad frequency bands, frequency and amplitude spectra to be expressed on bi-logarithmic graph and direct EEG recordings from various structures of the brain. On the basis of fluctuation theory following 3 types were divided; Type f which corresponds to 1/f fluctuation, Type L which corresponds to Lorentzian fluctuation, Type f+L which is the sum of Type f and L. The distribution of these types in the central nervous system corresponds with cortical structures, spinal cord and brain stem respectively. In conclusion, there was a good correlation between EEG and blood flow in the motor cortex. The functional reversibility after ischemia was different according to the types. Type f structures, namely the motor cortex, hippocampus and amygdala were vulnerable and Type f+L structures namely ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus and midbrain reticular formation tended to recover or stay in preservation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Effect of ipriflavone on bone changes induced by calcium restricted, vitamin D deficient diet in rats.

The preventive effect of ipriflavone, 7-isopropoxy-isoflavone, on the development of experimental osteopenia in rats was studied. Male Wistar rats (4 weeks old) on a calcium restricted, vitamin D deficient diet were given a daily oral administration of ipriflavone. The administration of ipriflavone (100 mg/kg BW/day) for 40 days significantly inhibited a decrease in the cortical thickness (14.0 +/- 1.6 vs. 17.1 +/- 2.9%, mean +/- SD, p less than 0.05) and bone calcium content (62 +/- 4 vs. 67 +/- 2 mg, p less than 0.05) in the femora of rats induced by a mild calcium restricted (0.3%), vitamin D deficient diet. This compound did not affect serum calcium levels in this condition. But a dose of 20 mg/kg BW/day of ipriflavone was insufficient to inhibit a decrease in bone calcium content. In rats fed on a more severe calcium restricted (0.03%), vitamin D deficient diet, the administration of ipriflavone (100 mg/kg BW/day) did not significantly affect the cortical thickness or calcium content. Intestinal calcium absorption measured by the in situ loop method was not significantly different between rats fed with a severe calcium restricted (0.03%), D deficient diet with or without ipriflavone (20 or 100 mg/kg BW/day) These results demonstrate that the new compound, ipriflavone, partially prevents bone calcium loss induced by a mild calcium restricted (0.3%), vitamin D deficient diet in rats. However, the precise mechanism of action of this compound remains unknown.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[The labor of freight-container tractor drivers and low back pain. Correlation with whole-body vibration exposure].

In order to determine the causal factors of low back pain (LBP) which prevails among freight-container tractor drivers, vibration measurements of the seat of ten freight-container tractors and one heavy truck, a survey on the daily working hours of 240 tractor drivers for a month, and a time study of work on 28 person-days were conducted. Vibration measurement was made under routine conditions on paved public roads for 40 km under laden and unladen conditions. For the evaluation of vibration exposure, ISO 2631 was used. With the freight-container tractors, the mean vibration levels were high in X and Z directions, particularly in X direction. In the heavy truck, the vibration level was consistently higher in Z direction. According to the evaluation made by ISO 2631, the X component of the vibration was found to be serious. The magnitude of the vibration level was greatly influenced by the condition of the road surface with bridges tending to produce a high level of vibration. Vibration levels of the new model tractors were not necessarily always lower than that of the old models. It was estimated from the foregoing results and the time study that in more than 90% of the drivers the daily exposure time (i.e. driving hours) exceeded the allowable exposure time of fatigue-decreased proficiency boundary (FDP), and in about one-third of the drivers the allowable exposure time of exposure limit (EL) was exceeded. These results suggest that long exposure to severe vibration during work is one of the possible causal factors of LBP of freight-container drivers.

Automobile Driving↗
PubMed1986

Phenotypic and functional study of natural killer cells in tuberculous pleurisy patients.

The phenotypic and functional characteristics of the cells that mediate "natural killer" (NK) cytolysis were examined by using anti-Leu 7 monoclonal antibody specific for NK cell in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMC) and pleural effusion mononuclear cells (PEMNC) from the tuberculous pleurisy patients. The proportion of Leu 7+ cells in PEMNC was observed significantly lower than in PMC, whether the patients were treated or not. Before treatment NK cell activity, precisely cytotoxicity against K 562, in PEMNC was apparently higher than in PMC. There was little relationship between proportion of leu 7+ cells and NK cell activity. Further, the mechanism of high NK cell activity in PEMNC was analysed by coculture with a healthy control's PMC and a tuberculous pleural effusion. The NK cell activity of Leu 7+ cells was augmented by low molecular soluble factor(s).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Combination chemotherapy with etoposide, mitomycin C, and cyclophosphamide in advanced non-small cell lung cancer].

Forty-three patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer were treated with a combination chemotherapy regimen comprising etoposide 100 mg/m2 p.o. days 1-5, mitomycin C 10 mg/m2 i.v. day 1 and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 i.v. day 1, every 4 weeks. The median age was 61, and the median initial PS-2. Fourteen patients had received prior therapy. The response rates in previously untreated patients were 25% (5/20) for adenocarcinoma, 0% (0/4) for squamous cell carcinoma, 0% (0/3) for large cell carcinoma, and 18.5% (5/27) for all patients. There were no responders among the pretreated patients. The median survival time was 7 months for previously untreated patients, 4 months for pretreated patients and 6 months for all patients. Patients with adenocarcinoma survived significantly longer (8 months) than those with squamous cell carcinoma (4 months) and large cell carcinoma (3 months). Toxicity consisted of leukopenia (74%), anemia (74%), nausea or vomiting (55%) and alopecia (94%).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Evaluation of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) in the multidisciplinary treatment of head and neck cancers].

Thirty-eight cases of head and neck cancer treated with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) with/without the combination of Peplomycin (PEP) from 1982 to 1985 were evaluated. The overall response rate was 55%. Eleven of 16 patients who had received no prior therapy obtained CR and 4 patients obtained PR, the response rate being 94%. In contrast, only 6 of 22 patients who had been previously treated achieved CR and PR, the response rate being 27%. According to the pharmacokinetics of CDDP and clinical observation of measurable recurrent tumors after the administration of CDDP alone, it was revealed that the volume of CDDP-sensitive and-resistant cells were balanced at 3 weeks after the injection of CDDP. After this time, CDDP-resistant cells exceeded CDDP-sensitive cells in volume. From viewpoint, in the case of multidisciplinary treatment with CDDP, other therapies should be induced within 3 weeks after CDDP injection.

Adult↗