Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Nakano

Publications and source records attributed to M Nakano.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Studies on the promoting effects of medium chain fatty acid salts on the nasal absorption of insulin in rats.

We investigated the promoting effect of medium chain fatty acid salts such as sodium caprylate, sodium caprate (Na C10) and sodium laurate on rat nasal absorption of insulin. Further, we studied the possible mechanism of the absorption promoting effect by fatty acid salts in terms of hemolytic activity, osmotic pressure, chelating effect and inhibition of leucine aminopeptidase activity. Na C10 exhibited the strongest absorption promoting effect on insulin among these fatty acid salts. The promoting effect of Na C10 was very rapid reaching the maximum immunoreactive insulin level within 5 min and its optimum concentration was about 1%. The amount of insulin absorbed after a nasal administration with Na C10 was about 98% of one half subcutaneous dose. The absorption promoting effect of fatty acid salts on insulin was at least in part associated with the chelating ability for calcium ions and the inhibitory action on leucine aminopeptidase activity.

Absorption↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of S-adenosyl-L-methionine sulfate tosylate (FO-1561) on functional recovery after transient cerebral ischemia in rats].

The present investigation was undertaken to examine the recovery of functions, spontaneous EEG activity and cerebral ATP content during blood recirculation following cerebral ischemia in rats. The ischemia was induced by bilateral carotid artery 30 min-occlusion 24 hr after the permanent electrocauterization of bilateral vertebral arteries. EEG spectral analysis was performed by the Berg transform. The recovery of EEG activity was assessed by the time elapsing from the onset of blood recirculation until the delta (0.5-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-13 Hz) or beta (13-32 32 Hz) band reappeared and the relative proportion of the four bands at 45 and 60 min after recirculation. Following the 20 min recirculation, the brains were frozen in situ with liquid nitrogen and then stored at -80 degrees C for later extraction for analysis. Concentrations of ATP in the cerebral cortex were determined with enzymatic methods. In animals administered FO-1561 (10 approximately 100 mg/kg, i.v.) simultaneously with blood recirculation, the reduction of time elapsing until reappearance of the theta, alpha and beta bands, the decrease in proportion of the delta band and the increase in that of the theta, alpha and beta bands which indicated the facilitation of transition to the normal state were observed. In animals administered FO-1561 (100 mg/kg), the improvement of ATP content was detected. These results demonstrate that FO-1561 may have a beneficial effect on the recovery from dysfunctions due to cerebrovascular disorder.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1987

Simple and quick gastric cancer screening method using the "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test" and its critical evaluation by standard X-ray, gastroscopic and pathological microscopic examination.

The simple, quick and non-invasive application of the "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Cancer Screening Method" for adenocarcinoma of the stomach originally described by Y. Omura, indicated 21 out of 196 randomly selected patients who visited our hospital (114 male and 82 female with an average age of 57.2 years) to have a cancer positive response regardless of their original chief complaint. In all these 21 patients we did imaging of the outline of the stomach and localized adenocarcinoma positive area with the "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Imaging Method." 5 out of 21 patients were confirmed to have adenocarcinoma of the stomach by microscopic examination of biopsied stomach tissue following X-ray and gastroscopic examination. Of these 5 patients with the cancer, 3 had no chief complaint indicative of stomach problems. This study indicated that simple, quick and non-invasive cancer screening method using "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test" with microscopic slide of adenocarcinoma of stomach as reference control substance, can detect stomach cancer with much greater accuracy, without giving any physical discomfort to the patient and with minimum time and expense, compared with well established standard x-ray and gastroscopic examination methods. The effectiveness and relative accuracy of mass screening of patients for gastric cancers using "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test" was well established by this study.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Evaluation and comparison of high-sensitivity immunoradiometric assay kits for thyroid stimulating hormone].

Fundamental and clinical characteristics of 3 kinds of high-sensitivity immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) kits for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). i.e., RIA BEADS II (kit A), TSH kit Daiichi II (kit B) and Ab tube TSH 'Eiken' (kit C) and one conventional radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit, i.e., TSH kit Daiichi (kit D), were studied. In the recovery test and the reproducibility test, there was no significant difference between the 4 kits. The sensitivities of kits A, B and C were much higher than that of kit D, and those IRMA kits were sensitive enough to distinguish hyperthyroidism from normal samples. For low concentrations of TSH (less than 5 microU/ml), the data from kits D, B, C and A tended to show higher values in that order. The correlation between the data measured by kits B and D, and the tendency of kit A toward lower values agreed well with other reports.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1987

ESR studies on the active intermediate in the enzymatic reduction of the Fe-bleomycin complex.

The spin trapping method was applied to elucidate the active intermediate during the enzymatic reduction of Fe(III)-bleomycin in the presence of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase and O2. Although the hydroxyl adducts to spin traps were observed, the adduct formation was not inhibited by catalase nor by SOD. Furthermore, in Tris-HCl buffer, no Tris adduct to the spin trap was observed. The results lead to the conclusion that there is no participation of free OH radical in the reactive intermediate in this reduction system. Effect of phosphate buffer on the reactivity of Fe(II)-bleomycin and spin state of Fe(III)-bleomycin were discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Importance of two iron-reducing systems in lipid peroxidation of rat brain: implications for oxygen toxicity in the central nervous system.

The mechanism of lipid peroxidation in the central nervous system has been studied using oxygen-flushed rat brain homogenates at pH 7.4. Brain lipid peroxidation was monitored by chemiluminescence and by determination of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. Less involvement of O2-., H2O2 and probably .OH in the initiation of lipid peroxidation was indicated. Deferroxamine was an extremely potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, suggesting that lipid peroxidation was catalyzed by endogenous iron. Brain tissues were shown to contain at least two iron-reducing systems for promotion of lipid peroxidation. One was ascorbate-dependent and the other NADPH-dependent. The former was much more potent than the latter with respect to iron-reducing activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Dialysis versus renal transplantation; a comparative study on medical cost and quality of life in patients with chronic renal failure].

We studied the medical costs of hemodialysis, CAPD and renal transplantation in our patients with chronic renal failure. The cost per patient averaged 660,000 yen for hemodialysis (760,000 yen for CAPD) in the first month when dialysis was started and 460,000 yen for routine maintenance hemodialysis (240,000 yen for CAPD). There was a difference in cost between recipients treated with conventional immunosuppressants (conventional group) and those receiving cyclosporine (Cs-group). That is, the estimated average cost for the conventional group was 3,800,000 in the first month after kidney grafting and at 60,000 yen in the subsequent months when the patient is cared for at the outpatient clinic; that of Cs-group was at 2,710,000 yen and 170,000 yen. This difference is due to the high cost of cyclosporine. The cumulative cost of maintenance hemodialysis is on a constant linear increase. Recently, clinical results of renal transplantation have improved markedly. Furthermore, our analysis of questionnaires to patients shows that renal transplantation is far superior to hemodialysis on the aspect of the quality of life. Thus, renal transplantation should be promoted further, and then the combined treatment of a low dose of cyclosporine and other immunosuppressants might be recommended to reduce the cost of cyclosporine.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical trials of flomoxef in complicated urinary tract infections].

Flomoxef (6315-S, FMOX), a new oxacephem antibiotic was studied clinically in 27 patients with complicated urinary tract infections. FMOX was intravenously administered at a dose of 1.0 g twice daily for 5 days. Clinical effect of FMOX on patients with complicated urinary tract infections were excellent in 11.5%, moderate in 57.7% and overall clinical efficacy rate was 69.2%. During the treatment with FMOX, urticaria was observed in 1 case. In laboratory tests, a decrease of RBC, Hb and Ht in 1 case, a decrease of WBC in 1 case and an elevation of GPT in another case were observed. But these abnormal values were slight and transient.

Adult↗