Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Nakano

Publications and source records attributed to M Nakano.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Experimental infection of the cynomolgus monkey with Helicobacter pylori].

To better understand the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) associated gastritis and to evaluate the effectiveness of potential therapies in ulcer healing, we established an experimental animal model of H. pylori infection. A strain of H. pylori was isolated from the stomach of a Cynomolgus monkey, cultured and used to inoculate as a group of H. pylori negative monkeys. H. pylori-induced changes in the gastric mucosa was monitored both endoscopically and by histological evaluation of mucosal biopsy. After inoculation, H. pylori was found to colonize the gastric mucosa of these primates and had induced gastritis. In a related experimental series, we developed an experimental acetic-acid induced ulcer in the stomach of these monkeys. These results suggest that the Cynomolgus monkey may be a useful model to study H. pylori infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Results of combination chemotherapy with etoposide, ifosfamide, peplomycin for advanced prostatic cancer].

Between August, 1986 and August, 1992, 16 combination chemotherapies with etoposide (100 mg/body, day 1-5), ifosfamide (50 mg/kg, day 1, 3, 5), peplomycin (5 mg/body, day 1-5) were performed on 13 patients with endocrine therapy-relapsed advanced prostatic cancer. Seven trials were performed on 5 patients who received DESP (diethylstilbestrol diphosphate) (500 mg/body, day 1-5) with the chemotherapy. In 9 trials performed on 9 patients who did not receive DESP, there was no response case. In 7 trials with DESP, one trial had a partial response (PR) (14%) and 4 remained objectively stable (stable) (57%). As to adverse effects, myelosuppression was observed in all trials but there was no lethal toxicity. The one-year survival rate of these patients treated with the chemotherapy alone and combined DESP were both about 20%. Therefore we should find a more effective treatment for endocrine relapsed prostatic cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[A two-dimensional analysis of B-lymphoma cells by flow cytometry--a comparative study with pathological classification].

In order to investigate the size variation of neoplastic cells from lymph nodes of 19 patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-NHL), we have carried out the two-dimensional analysis by flow cytometry using the parameters of the forward light scatter (FLS) and the fluorescence intensity of surface immunoglobulin light chain (sIgL). Neoplastic B cells were identified as having the homogeneous characters of both FLS and sIgL (kappa or lambda) in comparison of normal B cells with the heterogeneity of counterpart sIgL (lambda or kappa). Then the size variation of neoplastic B cells was analyzed by regarding CD3+ T cells to a control scale. Consequently, the present procedures disclosed that B-NHL cases could be divided into five patterns from the view-point of the cell size and distribution. These results almost coincided with the cell types determined by the pathological diagnosis. Furthermore, it was also found that our data made it possible to classify small cleaved cell or large cell lymphomas into subtypes. The two-dimensional analysis by using the parameters of FLS and sIgL would be clinically useful for the rapid diagnosis of B-NHL and its malignant grade in addition to supporting pathological findings.

Flow Cytometry↗
PubMed1993

[Double blind controlled study of ubenimex (Bestatin) against squamous cell lung cancer--a multicenter cooperative study].

To investigate effects of the combination of ubenimex, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy against unresectable advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, a placebo controlled double-blind study was performed. Of 365 registered cases, there were 258 cases in the complete radiation group in which the treatment as specified in the protocol (irradiation of 40 Gy or more to the thorax subsequent to chemotherapy) was conducted; the 50% survival time was 449 days and 363 days in the ubenimex group and the placebo group, respectively. A significant (p = 0.0473) prolongation of the survival time was noted in the ubenimex group, and the response rate was 60.9% and 50.0% (p = 0.087). From these results it was confirmed that ubenimex, when used in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, not only enhances the tumor-reducing effect but also prolongs the survival time.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[A case of selective short-term memory disturbance due to a glioma in the left temporo-parietal lobe].

We report a patient with selective short-term memory disturbance caused by a glioma in the left temporal-parietal lobe. The patient was a 40-year-old right-handed housewife who complained of difficulty in memorizing series of numbers. She was working as a car dealer. She was well until 6 months prior to the present admission when she noted a difficulty in memorizing series of numbers such when telephone numbers and car registration numbers. She had to write them down as her customers told them to her. On admission, she was alert and oriented to all spheres. She was mentally sound without dementia. She did not show aphasia, apraxia, or agnosia, except for brief periods of seizures in which she became unable to speech. Neuropsychological examination revealed that she had difficulty in repeating and dictating series of numbers and meaningless kana words. However, she could easily pick up the correct series of numbers or kana words among multiple choices presented visually. Thus it was clear that her problem was not the disturbance of auditory input nor expression, but a selective impairment of short-term memory. She could memorize the same stimuli when visually presented. Therefore, her problem was thought to be a disturbance of auditory short-term memory of meaningless words. After resection of her tumor, she developed transient amnesic aphasia, which improved a year later. She was examined again in her memory function. In the task of visual stimuli, we presented her a card in which a series of numbers or a nonsense syllable was written for 5 seconds and asked her to remember them.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Clinicopathological evaluation and treatment of bucillamine induced membranous nephropathy].

We discussed clinicopathological evaluation and treatment of bucillamine induced renal destruction. Thirteen cases of rheumatoid arthritis were investigated in whom proteinuria had developed while being treated with bucillamine. The dose of bucillamine ranged from 100 to 300 mg/day, and many of them were treated with a dose of 200-300 mg/day. The total dose was in the range of 9-57 g. Proteinuria had developed within 3 months after perceiving the efficacy of bucillamine in many of the cases. The details of renal histology revealed that membranous nephropathy was noted in all of the 13 cases and that mesangial proliferative gromerulonephritis was noted in eight cases (61.5%), thin basement membrane was noted in four cases (30.8%) and in one case (7.7%) amyloidosis were identified in parallel. After suspending further administration of bucillamine, the proteinuria was gradually reduced without any specific treatment or without increase in the dose of corticosteroid, and was eliminated in all cases within 10 months. There were some cases in whom proteinuria was eliminated within a short period of time by the administration of corticosteroid in a moderate dose (prednisolone 30 mg/day). It is necessary to initiate the administration of bucillamine from a small dose such as 100 mg/day and pay attention to onset of any side effect. It was also seemed necessary to confirm the renal histology by renal biopsy as far as feasible because a large variety of pathological findings are developed in the kidney of these cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[A case of Evans' syndrome in which CD4+CD45RA+ cells markedly decreased in its active phase].

A 38-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of exertional dyspnea in February, 1990. The patient had already been diagnosed as having autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in February, 1982 and treated with prednisolone (PSL) until January, 1988. The laboratory examination confirmed the relapse of AIHA (IgG-warm type) and additionally disclosed the marked decrease of CD4+CD45RA+/CD4+ ratio in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Thereupon, the patient was treated again with PSL and entered the remission in one month. Simultaneously, CD4+CD45RA+/CD4+ ratio also increased to the normal level. Afterwards, the remission had been maintained for about six months with a small dose of PSL. However, in September, 1990, the hemolysis relapsed with marked thrombocytopenia and decreased CD4+CD45RA+ ratio. Then the diagnosis was corrected to Evans' syndrome because PAIgG was highly elevated together with positive Coombs' test. Although danazol and azathioprine were administered in addition to PSL, the disease remained in active phase. Thus, splenectomy was carried out in March, 1992. Consequently, the patient entered the remission that has been maintained over six months. CD4+CD45RA+/CD4+ ratio was also normalized. These results suggest that CD4+CD45RA+ cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AIHA or Evans' syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Transdermal application of 10% lidocaine-gel for management of pain associated with herpes zoster].

We have developed transdermally applicable 10% lidocaine aqueous gel containing an absorption promoter and applied it for 15 patients suffering from severe pain in acute or subacute phase of herpes zoster. The patients, consisting of 7 males and 8 females with a mean age 58.5 +/- 13.0 (SD) yrs, had skin eruptions of herpes zoster for the past 2 months. Lidocaine-gel was applied locally to the diseased skin with or without an occlusive dressing. In 14 of the 15 patients (93%), a remarkable reduction of pain (below 10% of pretreatment level) was obtained after 9.9 +/- 5.6 (SD) times of lidocaine-gel treatments. There was no adverse systemic reactions or local skin damages. None of them developed post-herpetic neuralgia. The lidocaine-gel treatment appears to be very useful for reduction of pain associated with acute or subacute phase of herpes zoster.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1993

[Successful treatment of supravalvular mitral stenosis associated with ventricular septal defect].

Supravalvular mitral stenosis is a rare congenital anomaly. A case of a 2-year-old girl with supravalvular mitral stenosis and ventricular septal defect was successfully treated. The preoperated echocardiogram showed supravalvular mitral stenosis associated with congenital mitral stenosis and ventricular septal defect. However, the mitral valve was found to be normal after the excision of the ring. The ring has been attaching itself to the mitral valve, so it required a meticulous surgical technique to avoid injury to the mitral valve itself.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1993

Ratios of radiation-produced chromosome aberrations as indicators of large-scale DNA geometry during interphase.

Chromosome aberrations produced by ionizing radiation are assumed to develop from DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) which interact pairwise. Stable chromosome aberrations that exemplify inter- and intra-chromosomal exchanges are, respectively, translocations and pericentric inversions. By comparing the number of these for each chromosome one can infer results on the randomness of DSB induction or exchange formation and on large-scale chromosome geometry. We analyze frequencies of translocations and pericentric inversions in lymphocytes from 38 A-bomb survivors, using G-banding. A total of 636 translocations and 102 pericentric inversions were found. The 636/102 ratio of translocations to pericentric inversions is approximately 14 times smaller than predicted by a random model, in general agreement with earlier results and results on the ratio of dicentrics to centric rings for in vitro irradiation. Presumably the excess of intra-chromosomal exchanges is due to a spatial proximity effect, implying a localization of chromosomes within the cell nucleus during and shortly after irradiation. The distribution of the pericentric inversions among different chromosomes indicates this proximity effect is roughly the same for all chromosomes, regardless of DNA content; i.e., the ratio of pericentric inversions for two different chromosomes approximately equals the ratio given by a model which takes into account chromosome lengths and centromere locations but otherwise assumes randomness. Possible exceptions are chromosomes 7 and 12, which show some excess of pericentric inversions. The percentage of translocations involving each chromosome corresponds roughly to the percentage expected assuming randomness, except that for chromosome 1 there is a significant excess.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1993

Phase 1 study of L-627, biapenem, a new parenteral carbapenem antibiotic.

The safety and pharmacokinetics of L-627, a new injectable carbapenem antibiotic, were evaluated in healthy volunteers. In single-dose studies, 20, 40, 80, 150, 300 and 600 mg of L-627 were administered by i.v. infusions over 1 hour. Plasma concentration-time profiles were well described with a two-compartment open model. The half-life of elimination from plasma was 1.3 +/- 0.8 (mean +/- SD) hour, and the Cmax and AUC paralleled the doses given. The mean urinary recovery of unchanged L-627 within the first 12 hours was 63.1 +/- 2.7% of the dose. In the multiple-dose studies, 300 mg of L-627 (i.v. over 1 hour) was administered every 12 hours, 11 times in total and 600 mg of L-627 was administered every 12 hours, 9 times in total. No discernible accumulation of the drug in plasma was observed. There were no subjective or objective abnormal findings definitely attributable to the drug except that one subject in one of the multiple-dose regimens (300 mg b.i.d.) showed only a slight elevation of transaminase value, although the elevated value promptly recovered after completion of dosing. No abnormality was observed in the other multiple-dose regimen (600 mg b.i.d.). From these results, L-627 was concluded to be safe and well tolerated.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Late surgical results of operation in partial atrioventricular canal defect].

UNLABELLED: Twenty-three patients underwent repair of a partial atrioventricular canal defect and have been followed for a mean of 9.4 years. The patients were divided into two groups according to the management of mitral cleft. Mitral cleft was not repaired in seven patients and directly sutured or repaired by valvuloplasty using pericardium in sixteen patients. In seven patients untreated mitral cleft left, two patients have required mitral valve replacement because of progressive severe mitral regurgitation. In sixteen patients mitral cleft repaired, no patients have required re-operation. However, one patient using pericardium in valvuloplasty, mitral regurgitation was in progress recently due to calcification and degeneration of the pericardium. The peak flow velocity, pressure gradient, pressure half time, and valve area in the mitral valve were measured by echo-doppler study. We recognized no statistical difference among two groups about hemodynamic performance in the mitral valve. IN CONCLUSION: 1) As concerns post-operative mitral regurgitation, the mitral cleft should be repaired. 2) After mitral cleft closure, the mitral flow pattern was not disturbed. 3) Autologous pericardium should not be adapted for valvuloplasty, because calcification and degeneration of the pericardium may cause progressive incompetency of the mitral valve.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Report of a case of the anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery with atrial fibrillation and bradycardia].

A 62-year-old man who was referred to implantation of pacemaker on account of severe bradycardia revealed anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery on aortography. The aortic root cineangiogram demonstrated single left coronary artery arising from the aorta with retrograde filling of the right coronary artery (RCA) which drained into the main pulmonary artery. Chest X-ray revealed marked cardiomegaly and treadmill exercise test shows positive at stage 2 of the Bruce protocol. Operation was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass. Although we tried to transplant the RCA to the aorta, the arterial wall was very fragile and could't bear arterial pressure. Therefore the RCA was ligated at its origin and disconnected from the pulmonary artery. Post operative course was uncomplicated and the patient was discharged without any symptoms.

Atrial Fibrillation↗
PubMed1992

Structure of the acidic N-linked carbohydrate chains of the 55-kDa glycoprotein family (PZP3) from porcine zona pellucida.

N-linked carbohydrate chains of the major 55-kDa family, PZP3, of porcine zona pellucida glycoproteins are composed of neutral (28%) and acidic (72%) complex-type chains. The structures of the main components of the neutral chain have been established [Noguchi, S., Hatanaka, Y., Tobita, T. & Nakano, M. (1992) Eur. J. Biochem. 204, 1089-1100]. Here we report the structures of the acidic chains. Only two kinds of acidic fragments were released from PZP3 by endo-beta-galactosidase digestion following beta-elimination of O-linked chains. 500-MHz one-dimensional and two-dimensional 1H-NMR spectroscopy revealed their structures to be Sia alpha(2-3)Gal beta(1-4) [HSO3-6]GlcNAc beta(1-3)Gal and HSO3-6GlcNAc beta(1-3)Gal, showing that the sulfate-containing acidic chains are constructed with non-branched N-acetyllactosamine repeats which have sialic acid(s) at the non-reducing end(s) and sulfate at the C-6 position of GlcNAc residues. The acidic N-linked chains obtained from PZP3 by hydrazinolysis were separated into diantennary chains (34%) and tri- and tetra-antennary chains (66%) by concanavalin-A--agarose gel chromatography. The diantennary chains and their sialidase digests were fractionated by DEAE-HPLC. From the analyses of the endo-beta-galactosidase digests of each fraction, structures of the diantennary acidic chains were determined. They are classified into four groups. The first group is the sialylated chains without the sulfated N-acetyllactosamine repeating unit. The other three groups have the chains of various lengths differing in the number of monosulfated N-acetyllactosamine unit. These chains are extended from the Man alpha(1-3) branch of the trimannosyl core in the second group, from the Man alpha(1-6) branch in the third group, and from both branches in the fourth group. The structural features of the tri- and tetra-antennary acidic chains are also presented.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

"Rogue" lymphocytes among Ukrainians not exposed to radioactive fall-out from the Chernobyl accident: the possible role of this phenomenon in oncogenesis, teratogenesis, and mutagenesis.

Cultured lymphocytes exhibiting extreme cytogenetic damage (rogue cells) were observed in preparations from 8 of 24 individuals sampled in Krasilovka, a Ukrainian village receiving little or no increased radiation after the Chernobyl disaster, but were not observed in an additional 24 persons from two Russian towns in the more contaminated area. This observation cements the worldwide occurrence of these cells. The present data plus a review of the literature establish that rogue cells appear in brief bursts simultaneously in certain individuals of discrete populations. We suggest that the pattern is consistent with the action of a viral trigger that acts directly or indirectly--the latter possibly through the activation of latent chromosomal retroposons. If this phenomenon occurs in other tissues, it may have important implications for oncogenesis, teratogenesis, mutagenesis, and evolution.

Accidents↗
PubMed1992

A high involvement of O2- possibly generated in inner membranes for iron-induced microsomal lipid peroxidation.

The lipid peroxidation of and the O2- generation by rat liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH or both NADPH and Fe3+ were determined by thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance formation and by chemiluminescence intensities with a cypridina luciferin analog, 2-methyl-6-(p-methoxyphenyl)-3, 7-dihydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-one(MCLA), as a chemiluminescence probe. Judging from the experiments with various inhibitors on the O2- generation and the lipid peroxidation, O2- generated, at intramembranous site, by cytochrome P-450 system is considered to be highly involved in the iron-induced lipid peroxidation.

Animals↗