Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Nakano

Publications and source records attributed to M Nakano.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Effects of ulinastatin on postoperative renal function after cardiopulmonary bypass].

The effects of ulinastatin on postoperative renal function after the open cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were studied. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in urine as a marker of tubular function and serum creatinine rose significantly after CPB in the control group but not in the ulinastatin group. Ulinastatin was considered to be effective in protection of tubular function after CPB. In patient with poor preoperative renal function, ulinastatin prevented the deterioration of postoperative renal function by protecting tubular function.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1995

Effect of losartan, an AT1 selective angiotensin II receptor antagonist, on isoproterenol-induced cardiac ornithine decarboxylase activity.

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC,EC 4.1.1.7), a rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis, is known to be induced by a beta-adrenoceptor agonist, isoproterenol (ISO). ODC activity and cardiac polyamine content are considered to be correlated with ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rat hearts. To determine whether ISO-induced cardiac ODC activity is mediated through the renin-angiotensin system, especially at the AT1-receptor, we used a nonpeptide AT1 receptor antagonist, losartan, in this study. Losartan (10 mg/kg) suppressed both heart ODC and polyamine contents in ISO-treated rats. Although metoprolol (a selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist) totally suppressed ODC activity, these results suggest that ISO-stimulated cardiac ODC activity may be regulated through beta 2-adrenoceptors coupled with AT1 receptors in rats.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1995

[The effect of mitral valve repair and postoperative mitral valve function].

Thirty-six patients who underwent mitral valve repair were analyzed to evaluate the effect of mitral valve reconstructive technique. The final aim of this technique is to true up the coaptation line of both leaflets. Resection and reconstruction of the leaflet was performed on anterior leaflet in 11, on posterior leaflet in 12, and on both leaflets in 5. The newly contrived wrapping and shortening chordoplasty was performed on anterior leaflet in 6, on posterior leaflet in 3, and on both leaflets in 2. Two patients had replacement of artificial chordae tendinae with EPTFE suture. Commissuroplasty was performed at anterolateral commissure in 5, at posteromedian commissure in 15, and at both commissures in 5. Thirty patients with dilated annulus underwent ring annuloplasty with Carpentier ring. LVEDVI and LVESVI significantly decreased after mitral valve repair, and left ventricular volume overload was markedly reduced. Mitral valve orifice area was 3.23 +/- 1.14 cm2 and did not show the sign of mitral stenosis after repair. Left ventricular pressure volume area, which reflects the oxygen consumption of the myocardium, was markedly reduced after successful mitral repair.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[ACTH-independent bilateral adrenocortical macronodular hyperplasia (AIMAH): report of a case].

We treated a case of ACTH-independent bilateral adrenocortical macronodular hyperplasia (AIMAH), a rare disease. The patient was a 49 year-old man having chief complaints of facial edema, muscle wasting and typical Cushing's syndrome symptoms. He was diagnosed with AIMAH by specific hormonal tests for Cushing's syndrome and CT scan. Bilateral total adrenalectomy was performed in a two-stage operation for bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia. The resected adrenal tumor weighed 57 g on the right side and 78 g on the left, and both had a yellowish nodular surface. The histological appearance was typical AIMAH. A total of 23 AIMAH reported cases was reviewed.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1995

[Analysis of T cell subsets in autoimmune hemolytic anemia patients].

To clarify a role of immunoregulatory T cells in the pathophysiology of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), we investigated T cell subsets in the peripheral blood of 15 patients with AIHA by two color analysis using flow cytometry. Consequently both CD4+ cells and CD4+CD45RA+ cells decreased in proportion, irrespective of the disease activity (active or remission phase). CD4+CD45RA+ cells are regarded as naive T cells. Incidentally the ratio of CD45RA+ cells in CD4+ cells also fell in the low level in active phase, but it recovered to the normal ratio in remission. On the other hand, CD8+ cells and CD8+ +S6F1+ cells that may represent activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes increased in active phase and then both entered the normal range in remission. These findings suggest that AIHA could be caused partly by the alternative balance of CD4+CD45RA+ cells probably constituting a member of IRT and moreover by the activation of CTL.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1995

Ocular absorption, distribution, and systemic absorption of a novel antiglaucoma medication, prostaglandin derivative, in male white rabbits.

A prostaglandin derivative, (5Z,9 alpha,11 alpha,13E)-9,11-dihydroxyprosta- 5,13-dienoic acid sodium salt (S-1033), that lowers intraocular pressure with little adverse effect, may have clinical value in the treatment of glaucoma. After [14C]S-1033 (0.2% solution) was instilled into the eye of a white rabbit, radioactivity and S-1033 appeared in systemic plasma so rapidly (tmax, 5 min) and S-1033 was eliminated very rapidly with half-lives of 2.8 and 11.0 min at alpha- and beta-phases, respectively. The metabolite, M-1, [1R-[1 alpha,2 beta-(1E),3 alpha,5 alpha]]-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(1- octenyl)-cyclopentanepropanoic acid (tetranor-S-1033), appeared in plasma very rapidly (tmax, 5 min), suggesting that a fast metabolism was a major factor in the rapid elimination of S-1033 from plasma. The values for the ratios of the area under the curve of ocular instillation to intravenous administration for radioactivity and S-1033 were 1.01 and 0.52, respectively, indicating that more than half of the S-1033 instilled was transported into the systemic circulation. To clarify the contributing pathway of the massive and rapid systemic absorption of S-1033 after topical dosing, plasma levels of S-1033 were investigated after instillation to rabbits in which the nasolacrimal ducts were occluded. Plasma concentrations of S-1033 were slightly higher than those in intact rabbits, suggesting that conjunctiva would be as important as nasal mucosae for the systemic absorption under the physiological condition. As for the intraocular distribution, the highest levels of radioactivity were found in the cornea, conjunctiva, and anterior sclera.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Absorption↗
PubMed1995

[Ileovesical fistula caused by long-term indwelling of urethral catheter: a case report].

A case of an ileovesical fistula is reported. The patient was a 32-year-old female who suffered from spina bifida. She had had a urethral catheter indwelt at 13 years old for continuous incontinence caused by atrophic bladder. The patient noted lower abdominal discomfort and fecal urine at age 31 in January, 1989 and urination from anal appeared in March, 1990. In November, 1990, the patient was introduced to our hospital and diagnosed with ileovesical fistula. We performed partial cystectomy, ileal wedge resection and cystostomy on this patient. The pathological findings showed chronic inflammatory change. The ileovesical fistula may have been caused by a long-term indwelling of urethral catheter. We discussed the ileovesical fistula and the treatment of neurogenic bladder in a patient of spina bifida.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Chronic effect of losartan in a murine model of dilated cardiomyopathy: comparison with captopril.

The long-term effects of losartan, an angiotensin II subtype-I receptor antagonist, were compared with those of captopril in a murine model of dilated cardiomyopathy caused by encephalomyocarditis virus. Four weeks after viral inoculation, 42 DBA/2 mice were given oral losartan 1.2 mg/kg/day (n = 8), 12 mg/kg/day (n = 8) or 60 mg/kg/day (n = 8) or captopril 7.5 mg/kg/day (n = 8) in drinking water or distilled water (n = 10). Mice were killed at the end of the 12-wk treatment period. Heart weight, left ventricular thickness, left ventricular cavity dimension and myocardial fiber diameter were significantly lower in mice given losartan 60 mg/kg as compared with the infected untreated group. Captopril had a similar effect on all parameters. The pathologic score of cardiac fibrosis was significantly lower in the mice treated with captopril but was not reduced in the mice treated with losartan. Moreover, as compared with the age- and sex-matched normal mice, cardiac mass and myocardial fiber diameter were significantly lower in normal mice treated with losartan 60 mg/kg. This study suggests that long-term treatment with losartan may prevent thickening of left ventricular wall and cavity dimension in dilated cardiomyopathy caused by encephalomyocarditis virus. The potency, and perhaps the efficacy, of losartan appear to be less than those of captopril.

Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists↗
PubMed1995

[Cytofluorometric analysis of tumor cell size and follicle formation of B-cell lymphomas].

In order to investigate the size variation of neoplastic B cells (NBC) from lymph nodes of patients with B-cell lymphomas (BCL), we carried out two-dimensional analysis by flow cytometry (FCM) using the forward light scatter (FLS) and the fluorescence intensity (FI) of surface immunoglobulin light chain (sIgL). NBC were identified as having the homogeneous characteristics of both FLS and tumor-restricted sIgL (kappa or lambda). The FLS variation of NBC was then analyzed using CD3+ T-cells as a scale control. The results closely coincided with the cell types determined by the pathologic diagnosis. Secondly, we used FCM to investigate how strongly NBC express VLA-4 alpha and LFA-1 alpha, which seemed to play important roles in neoplastic follicle formation. The expression intensities of these molecules were classified into three grades (-, + & ++). The results were presented in the order of VLA-4 alpha and LFA-1 alpha; follicular 8/15 (++/++), 6/15 (++/+), 1/15 (+/++), partially follicular 3/5 (+/++), 2/5 (+/+), diffuse 2/16 (++/-), 6/16 (+/++), 8/16 (+/+), B-CLL 8/8 (-/+ or -). These findings suggest that follicular lymphomas are phenotypically distinguishable from diffuse lymphomas.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical treatment of infective endocarditis: application of DNA probe method].

DNA probe method is a new bacteriological method for diagnosis of bacteria. The authors tried to apply the method to diagnosis of bacteremia and treatment of infective endocarditis. We could diagnose the patient's illness as bacteremia with this method even when blood cultures are not positive. We suggest that cardiac surgery should be performed in case bacteria is detected repeatedly with DNA probe method. Therefore it is useful for decision whether cardiac surgery for patients with active infective endocarditis should be done or not.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Successful treatment of aortic prosthetic valve endocarditis and aortic root abscess by Bentall procedure].

A 53-year-old woman had undergone aortic valve replacement in 1990. Three years later, aortic prosthetic valve endocarditis and aortic root abscess had been noted. Debridement of all apparently infected tissue created left ventricular-aortic discontinuity, but the orifice of the coronary arteries were intact. We decided to reconstruct the left ventricular outflow tract and aortic root by Bentall procedure. Composite graft was made with 26 mm gelseal tube graft and a 23 mm SJM prosthetic valve, and the coronary ostia were sutured into the side of the graft. The patient's recovery was uneventful, and the aortography revealed no aortic regurgitation. We suggest that Bentall procedure using gelseal tube graft is useful to reconstruct the left ventrivular-aortic discontinuity if the coronary ostia were intact.

Abscess↗
PubMed1995

[Mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation--technical contrivance and its further application].

To evaluate the mitral reconstructive technique from the pathological and surgical points of view, 33 consecutive cases were analyzed. Eighteen patients (54.5%) were men, and the mean age was 40.9 +/- 19.8 (range 5 to 72 years). Ten patients (30.3%) had atrial fibrillation. The causes of mitral regurgitation were torn chordae tendinae in 17, elongated choradae tendinae in 14, annular dilatation in 8, papillary muscle dysfunction in 2, and congenital cleft in 4. The mitral regurgitation was due to prolapse of the anterior leaflet in 16, prolapse of the posterior leaflet in 10, and prolapse of both leaflets in 5. Resection and reconstruction of the leaflet was performed on anterior leaflet in 15, and on posterior leaflet in 15. The anterior mitral cleft was sutured in 3. The newly contrived wrapping and shortening chordoplasty was performed on anterior leaflet in 6, on posterior leaflet in 3, and on both leaflets in 2. Two patients had replacement of artificial chordae tendinae with EPTFE suture. Commissuroplasty was performed at anterolateral commissure in 5, at posteromedian commissure in 15, and at both commissures in 5. Thirty patients with dilated annulus underwent ring annuloplasty by Carpentier ring. There was no hospital death. Two patients required mitral valve replacement for redeveloping mitral regurgitation 2 weeks and one year after initial operation. All patients were in NYHA functional class I after surgery. The Doppler echo cardiographic study revealed no mitral regurgitation in 27, mild or trivial in 3, and moderate in 3. LVEDVI and LVESVI significantly decreased, and left ventricular volume overload was markedly reduced.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The successful use of recombinant human erythropoietin therapy to anemia of granular lymphocyte proliferative disorder].

A 54-year-old man was admitted with fatigue. The peripheral blood count showed leukocytosis (9, 600/microliters), including 76% granular lymphocytes (GLs), which expressed CD2, 3, 8, 16 and HLA-DR, and anemia (hemoglobin 8.1 g/dl). He was diagnosed as having T cell type-granular lymphocyte proliferative disorder with anemia. Bone marrow examination revealed the involvement of 4.6% of GL and erythroblastopenia. A clonogenic assay of bone marrow cells revealed the decrease in erythroid colony formation in both CFU-E and BFU-E, but the number of erythroid colonies increased when CD8-positive cells were depleted from bone marrow cells and the number of erythroid colonies decreased again when CD8-positive GLs were added. The supernatant of cultured CD8-positive GLs had no inhibitory effect on CFU-E and BFU-E colony formation. These suggested that CD8-positive GLs suppressed the erythroid colony formation in this case. Treatment with 6,000 U/body of recombinant human erythropoietin (rh-Epo) subcutaneously three times a week was started and increased dose of 12,000 U/body of rh-Epo led to an increase in the hemoglobin level to 10.5 g/dl two months later. He has been treated with rh-Epo only.

Anemia↗
PubMed1995

[Gamma delta T cells in peripheral blood and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis].

We measured levels of gamma delta T cells in peripheral blood and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with sarcoidosis, from patients with pulmonary fibrosis, and from normal subjects. In blood from both groups of patients, the percentage of lymphocytes was significantly greater than normal. The number of CD3+ cells per cubic millimeter was significantly lower than normal in patients with sarcoidosis, and tendency to be lower than normal in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. The percentage of CD3+ cells tended to be low, but there was no significant difference. The percentage and number of gamma delta T cells in patients with sarcoidosis, and the number of gamma delta T cells in patients with pulmonary fibrosis tended to be high. In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the percentage of lymphocyte was significantly higher than normal, and the numbers of CD3+ cells and gamma delta T cells per cubic millimeter tended to be high. In both groups of patients, cell counts of lymphocytes were significantly higher than normal. Numbers of CD3+ cells and of gamma delta T cells were significantly higher than normal in patients with sarcoidosis, and tended to be higher than normal in those with pulmonary fibrosis. These findings indicate local activation of gamma delta T cell function, recruitment of these cells into the bronchoalveolar system, and augmentation of gamma delta T cell supply in the whole body, especially in patients with sarcoidosis. In patients with pulmonary fibrosis the results were inconclusive; they were not as striking as were the results in patients with sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Development of a health administration system for inhabitants in local community without abnormal findings by health examination.

This study was to establish practical methods to apply to the community health promotion program the data obtained by surveys in a fishing village, under "The Health and Medical Services Law for the Aged." This data, together with guidelines on health counseling for inhabitants in the local community with less abnormal findings on health examination, could be used for developing a health promotion support system. In 1990, a questionnaire survey was carried out on lifestyle such as diet, exercise, and rest, of 1,497 inhabitants (557 males, 940 females) attending for a health examination under "The Health and Medical Services Law for the Aged," at Nishiizu district, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. The questionnaire inquired about the subjects' health behavior and consciousness, i.e., on their dietary intake and preferences, dietary habits, regular exercise, exercise habits, and rest, both in fact as well as in perception. In 1991, a survey was also carried out on the daily physical activity and exercise of 1,737 inhabitants (620 males, 1,117 females) attending for a health examination under the law in the same district. The items measured were the daily physical activity, the exercise intensity, and the frequency score derived from several exercises. The relationship to the exercise score was made on the basis of the sex, age, daily physical activity, and the findings of the health examination as well as the self-evaluation of health. In 1992, based on these results and also on the know-how about the software made for similar purposes, "The Health Promotion Support System" for the personal computer was developed in order to help public health nurses perform health counseling for the local community. By means of this system, the answers concerning the health examination findings, habits, health conditions, etc., enabled us to obtain information about the appropriate amount of exercise needed for health, and of the total exercise time needed in a week at the level of 40% maximum oxygen intake. In order to ascertain the quality and effect of the program, the system was applied practically by the public health services, both at Nishiizu district and at Maruyama, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. A questionnaire survey was also conducted in Chiba Prefecture, the subjects were seven public health nurses. The results of this survey showed that the system was successfully applied to the people who received less care because of not having abnormal findings on the health examination.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Computer assisted instruction on multimedia environment for patients.

Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) is a valuable tool that not only encourages patients, but also provides medical information and the motivation for self management. We developed three modules within a multimedia environment for patients with diabetes or bronchial asthma; positive results were obtained. By using CAI, a reduction in the nurses' workload is achieved along with patients gaining profound and standardized knowledge. We also found some substantial characteristics in the patients' learning behavior and the value of "active learning" in CAI.

Asthma↗