Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Nakamoto

Publications and source records attributed to M Nakamoto.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Correlations among examination findings, subjective symptoms and classification of stages in vibration syndrome.

From data collected in 1966, 1973, 1986 and 1989, we analyzed the correlations among examination findings, subjective symptoms, stages in the disorder of vibration syndrome and vibration exposure. As vibration syndrome progressed and vibration exposure accumulated, abnormality of examination findings, the prevalence of vibration induced white finger (VWF), numbness (N) and other subjective symptoms increased. Abnormality of examination findings and prevalence of subjective symptoms in the VWF(+) N(+) group were greatly different from those in the VWF(-) N(-) group. Both findings and symptoms showed closer correlations with VWF(+) than with N(+). Stages in the disorder traced the progression from VWF(-)N(-) to VWF(-)N(+), then to VWF(+)N(+/-), and finally to VWF(+/++)N(+/++). Pathophysiologically, it seems that VWF(+) and N(+) relayed many more cold and pain signals from the hand to the central nervous system. Such signals may activate autonomic nervous activity. In the recovery, subjective symptoms correlated more closely with N(+) than with VWF(+). This is because VWF involves the autonomic nervous system's hyperactivity and hypersensitivity to cold, both of which subside gradually in the recovery; N, however, involves pathological changes in nerve tissue which are irreversible.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Informative usefulness of age, sex and vital signs in the differential diagnosis of disturbed consciousness among 175 emergency outpatients.

Final diagnoses were determined among 175 emergency patients with disturbed consciousness with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of less than 15 and diagnostic usefulness of basic information was assessed using clinico-epidemiological indices. Subject patients included 98 males and 77 females with average age 53.4 years. Final diagnoses were as follows: intracranial lesions in 69 patients (39.4%), metabolic and systemic diseases in 97 (55.4%), mental diseases in 4 (2.3%), and diseases of unknown origin in 5 (2.9%). Cerebrovascular disorders and epilepsy were most frequent among the intracranial lesions, and poisoning, hypoglycemia, acute alcoholism and hypoxic encephalopathy among the metabolic and systemic diseases. Informative usefulness of age, sex and vital sings in diagnosing cerebrovascular disorders was analyzed with the use of ROC curves, showing that cut-off points of age over 60 years and of systolic blood pressure greater than 160 mmHg were most useful.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

The mechanism of intradialytic hypotension in diabetic patients.

Hemodynamic changes in diabetic patients were studied in both acetate and bicarbonate modes of hemodialysis (HD) where both body weight and plasma volume did not change. Diabetic patients showed a significant decrease in mean arterial pressure and cardiac output in both HD modes when compared to the predialysis values. Despite a decreased cardiac output, total peripheral vascular resistance did not increase, probably because of the sympathetic nerve dysfunction in diabetic patients. In addition, diabetic patients with acetate HD demonstrated peripheral vasodilation at a later stage of acetate HD. Increase in plasma acetate may have caused peripheral vasodilation in these patients. It is concluded that intradialytic hypotension in diabetic patients is mainly associated with a decrease in cardiac output and loss of compensatory increase in peripheral vascular tone.

Acetates↗
PubMed1994

Hip arthroplasty in haemodialysis patients.

We retrospectively reviewed 17 hip arthroplasties in 15 patients having haemodialysis for chronic renal failure. The duration of haemodialysis before the operation averaged 8.6 years and the average age of the patients was 61 years. All patients were followed for more than two years (mean 4.6 years). Six arthroplasties in four patients had failed due to loosening, and one of these patients died from undiagnosed infection of both hips at 7.6 years after the operation. General skeletal abnormalities caused by maintenance haemodialysis may explain the high incidence of loosening and it is important to be aware of the danger of postoperative infection. The risk-to-benefit ratio of hip arthroplasty is high in patients on haemodialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Mouse heparin binding protein-44 (HBP-44) associates with brushin, a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein antigen common to the kidney and teratocarcinomas.

Heparin binding protein-44 (HBP-44) is a heparin binding protein of 44 kDa, found by cDNA cloning using antibodies against teratocarcinoma glycoproteins [Furukawa, T. et al. (1990) J. Biochem. 108, 297-302]. The N-terminal sequence analysis reported in this publication establishes the structure of its mature form. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that HBP-44 was located in the tubular brush border of the kidney. HBP-44 formed a complex with brushin, a high molecular weight (450 kDa) glycoprotein antigen common to the kidney and teratocarcinoma, but not with OR8 antigen, another antigen (350 kDa) of the same category. Brushin was shown to be the mouse counterpart of rat Heymann nephritis antigen, called gp330. The association between HBP-44 and brushin was revealed not only by co-precipitation upon indirect immunoprecipitation, but also by ligand blotting with HBP-44-maltose binding protein fusion protein. Calcium ion stabilized the association. Disulfide bonds in brushin seemed to be necessary for the complex formation, since reductive cleavage of the bonds resulted in failure of the protein to associate with HBP-44 in a ligand blotting experiment. Association of HBP-44 with brushin occurred both in teratocarcinoma cells, in which these molecules are mainly located in extraembryonic endoderm cells, and in the kidney, suggesting that the complex has an unknown common function in the renal tubular brush border and the extraembryonic endoderm.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

[Nutritional assessment of patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis].

Nutritional status was assessed in 214 CAPD patients from eight centers in Japan. All patients were receiving adequate dialysis, as indicated by KT/Vurea and Karnofsky's activity scale. Subjective global assessment indicated that 25% of 83 female patients and 27% of 131 male patients were, at least, moderately malnourished. Mid-arm muscle circumference was lower in malnourished male patients than in well-nourished patients, however, in female patients none of the anthropometric variables reflected nutritional status. Lower serum albumin level was observed in malnourished male patients, but not in female patients. Daily protein intake, estimated from protein catabolic rate (PCR) was approximately 0.8 g/Kg BW in both males and females. This value is similar to those reported in literatures for CAPD patients. In our well-rehabilitated patients, PCR did not reflect the nutritional status as indicated by subjective global assessment. The data suggest that low protein intake was not always the major cause of malnutrition in these patients and that other factors, such as endocrine disorder, may also have contributed to malnutrition.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

A new family of heparin binding growth/differentiation factors: differential expression of the midkine (MK) and HB-GAM genes during mouse development.

MK (midkine) and HB-GAM (heparin-binding growth-associated molecule) constitute a new family of heparin-binding growth differentiation factors. The modes of expression of MK and HB-GAM during mouse development were quantitatively examined by mRNA hybridization. The following three distinct patterns of expression were observed in the brain/head region. On the 11th-13th days of gestation, MK was intensely, but HB-GAM relatively weakly expressed; on the 15th-19th days, both MK and HB-GAM expression became weaker; and in the neonatal period, HB-GAM was intensely expressed and MK expression increased slightly. The level of HB-GAM expression was lower than that of MK in the whole embryo on the 11th to 13th days of gestation. HB-GAM mRNA was detected in the kidney of newborn and young mice, where MK was more highly expressed. The identity of the weakly expressed MK and HB-GAM signals was confirmed by means of the polymerase chain reaction in the neonatal brain (MK), the head of 13-day embryos (HB-GAM), and the kidney of 7-day-old mice (HB-GAM). In conclusion, MK and HB-GAM are frequently co-expressed in the same cells and anatomic regions of the fetus or new born mouse, while their modes of expression differ.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Elevation of serum erythropoietin after subtotal parathyroidectomy in chronic haemodialysis patients.

After successful subtotal parathyroidectomy (PTX) in 10 chronic haemodialysis patients, significant elevation of Epo was observed, from 48.4 +/- 17.8 mU/ml(M +/- SEM) at preoperative state to 103.3 +/- 34.7 mU/ml at 6 h and 163.4 +/- 50.2 mU/ml at 12 h after PTX. Significant reductions in both PTH-m and ionized calcium (iCa) were confirmed. Since Epo did not increase in the cases with an inadequate PTX and ovariectomy, an abrupt reduction in PTH with a decrease in iCa may play some role in the elevation of Epo.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Steady-state pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of total and unbound disopyramide in children with cardiac arrhythmias.

We studied the pharmacokinetics of the total (protein-bound plus -unbound and unbound forms of disopyramide (DP) at steady-state in six children (aged 5.2 to 12.2 years) with cardiac arrhythmias who had received repeated oral DP therapy. Maximum concentrations after the oral dose were reached at 2.5 +/- 1.1 h (mean +/- SD) for both total and unbound DP. The bioavailabilities calculated from total and unbound plasma concentration-time curves were 99 +/- 23 and 89 +/- 27% of the dose, respectively. These parameters seen in our children are similar to those reported from adult subjects. The mean elimination half-lives (t1/2), volumes of distribution, and total body clearances (CL) of total and unbound DP were 3.15 +/- 0.64 and 2.50 +/- 0.37 h, 1.02 +/- 0.25 and 2.60 +/- 0.38 L/kg, and 3.79 +/- 0.82 and 13.12 +/- 2.60 ml/min/kg, respectively. These mean CL and t1/2 values are considerably greater and shorter, respectively, than those reported from adult subjects. The findings indicate that the greater doses of DP per kg of body weight reportedly required for attaining a therapeutic plasma drug level in pediatric age patients should be due to a greater drug CL in children than in adults. A sustained-release preparation of DP may be required for pediatric patients to minimize a large fluctuation of plasma drug levels during the dosing intervals.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1992

Destructive spondylo-arthropathy during long-term haemodialysis.

We reviewed 29 patients who had developed destructive arthropathy of the spine during long-term haemodialysis. Their mean age when haemodialysis began was 43.8 years; at diagnosis they had been dialysed for an average of 8.6 years. In 26 patients, the lesions were between C4 and C7; in six they were between L4 and S1, three having lesions in both regions. Sixteen patients had had previous surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome. Spinal surgery was performed in nine patients with satisfactory results in only five. We demonstrated beta-2 microglobulin amyloid deposits in the discs and surrounding ligaments in all biopsied cases. The natural history and management of this condition are not yet clear.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Penile gangrene in a patient with diabetic nephropathy on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

We report here a case of penile gangrene in a patient with diabetic nephropathy treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The patient demonstrated severe systemic arteriosclerosis. The main cause of the gangrene was considered to be circulatory insufficiency induced by severe arteriosclerosis. Several predisposing factors including chronic renal failure, long-term diabetes mellitus and CAPD-related metabolic changes such as abnormalities of lipid metabolism also appeared to have contributed to the arteriosclerotic changes. The prognosis in cases of this type is thought to be extremely poor.

Diabetic Nephropathies↗
PubMed1991

[A successful surgical treatment of cor triatriatum with VSD, PDA and CoA].

A successful repair of cor triatriatum with VSD, PDA and CoA is reported. A two-month-old boy was admitted for evaluation of growth failure and cyanosis. Physical examination on admission revealed systolic murmurs at left sternal border. Chest X-ray showed increased pulmonary vascularities without cardiomegaly. Echocardiography showed abnormal wall in left atrium with VSD, PDA and CoA. An emergency operation consisting of patch closure of VSD, ligation of PDA and resection of the anomalous left atrial membrane were performed. At postoperative course, an episode of pulmonary hypertension crisis happened. But the patient tolerated this episode and survived.

Aortic Coarctation↗
PubMed1990

A retinoic acid responsive gene, MK, produces a secreted protein with heparin binding activity.

MK is a gene whose expression increases transiently during retinoic acid-induced differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells. MK polypeptide was secreted by differentiating HM-1 embryonal carcinoma cells and by L-cells transfected with an MK cDNA under the control of the beta-actin promoter and Rous sarcoma virus enhancer. MK polypeptide was found to have heparin binding activity. Conditioned medium of the transfected L-cells promoted growth of PC-12 pheochromocytoma cells. These findings support the view that MK polypeptide is a secreted factor involved in regulation of growth and differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Responses of sympathetic nervous system to cold exposure in vibration syndrome subjects and age-matched healthy controls.

Plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine in vibration syndrome subjects and age-matched healthy controls were measured for the purpose of estimating the responsibility of the sympathetic nervous system to cold exposure. In preliminary experiment, it was confirmed that cold air exposure of the whole body was more suitable than one-hand immersion in cold water. In the main experiment, 195 subjects were examined. Sixty-five subjects had vibration syndrome with vibration-induced white finger (VWF + group) and 65 subjects had vibration syndrome without VWF (VWF- group) and 65 controls had no symptoms (control group). In the three groups, plasma norepinephrine levels increased during cold air exposure of whole body at 7 degrees +/- 1.5 degrees C. Blood pressure increased and skin temperature decreased during cold exposure. Percent increase of norepinephrine in the VWF+ group was the highest while that in VWF- group followed and that in the control group was the lowest. This whole-body response of the sympathetic nervous system to cold conditions reflected the VWF which are characteristic symptoms of vibration syndrome. Excluding the effects of shivering and a cold feeling under cold conditions, it was confirmed that the sympathetic nervous system in vibration syndrome is activated more than in the controls. These results suggest that vibration exposure to hand and arm affects the sympathetic nervous system.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Ultrasonography in Japanese emergency departments.

This is a review of 50 consecutive cases where ultrasound was performed in the emergency department of a general hospital demonstrating the efficacy of its usage by "nonspecialists." This study demonstrates that in the Japanese model of emergency care delivery, abdominal ultrasound has been shown to be used in the emergency department with accuracy and safety.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Hormonal responses to cold exposure in subjects with vibration syndrome.

Responses of the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system to cold exposure were investigated. The subjects were all males, between 41 and 69 years of age. Seventy subjects with the vibration syndrome and vibration-induced white finger (VWF(+) group), 70 subjects with the vibration syndrome without VWF (VWF(-) group) and 70 healthy subjects (control group) were individually matched according to age. The subjects remained in a cold room at 7 C for 30 minutes. Catecholamines, cyclic nucleotides, thyroid hormones, ACTH and cortisol were measured before and during cold exposure. The VWF(+) group and the VWF(-) group had larger % increases of plasma norepinephrine, cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, T3 and T4 levels than the control group. These findings indicate that the responses of the autonomic nervous system and the thyroid system to cold exposure are greater in the subjects with the vibration syndrome.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1990

Study of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 for prevention of stress ulcer after hepatectomy of experimental cirrhotic liver and its influence on hepatic regeneration.

The influence of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (16,16-dm PGE2; an agent used for the prevention of stress ulcer after hepatectomy of the cirrhotic liver) on liver regeneration after hepatectomy was studied in rats. The following results were obtained. Ulceration after the stress of 6 h of water immersion was markedly suppressed in rats treated with 30 r/kg of 16,16-dmPGE2 as compared with the untreated controls. In animals that received hepatectomy alone, the gastric pH and gastric mucosal blood flow showed significant reduction from the preoperative levels. In animals that received hepatectomy plus 16,16-dmPGE2 treatment the postoperative reduction in the gastric pH and gastric mucosal blood flow was suppressed, suggesting the effectiveness of 16,16-dmPGE2 treatment in the prevention of stress ulcer after hepatectomy of the cirrhotic liver. The 3H-thymidine uptake percentage and thymidine activity 24 h after hepatectomy and the DNA content 30 h after hepatectomy were significantly higher in animals treated with 16,16-dmPGE2 than in the untreated controls. In animals that were treated intraperitoneally with 50 mg/kg of indomethacin 6 h before hepatectomy the mitotic index 30 h after hepatectomy was markedly lower than that in untreated controls. This indomethacin-induced reduction in the mitotic index tended to be normalized by treatment with 16,16-dmPGE2. These results suggest that 16,16-dmPGE2 treatment effectively prevents stress ulcer and favorably affects hepatic regeneration after hepatectomy of the cirrhotic liver.

Animals↗