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Biomedical subjects

M Nagashima

Publications and source records attributed to M Nagashima.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[A case report of thoracic ectopia cordis].

Complete type of thoracic ectopia cordis was diagnosed with prenatal ultrasound study. Just after birth of female baby with 2,750 g body weight, a silastic mesh was selected for covering the heart because of no space for putting the heart into the mediastinum. Protrusion of the liver towards the mediastinum was one of main causes of lifting the heart outside the chest wall. The baby died 7 days after her birth due to heart failure. Soft silastic mesh was not good enough to sustain the ectopic heart constantly and caused paradoxical respiratory movement of mediastinal side of the lung. It is concluded that hard shell coverage of the extremely ectopic heart is necessary to sustain it constantly and to prevent paradoxical respiratory movement of mediastinal side of the lung.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Evidence for involvement of lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 in T cell migration to epidermis.

Although it is well known that in various T cell-mediated skin diseases T cells migrate preferentially to epidermis, no direct evidence has been presented in which molecules on T cells are important in directing T cell traffic to epidermis. We have previously established CD4+ autoreactive cloned T cells with a special tropism for epidermis in vitro as well as in vivo. Antibody inhibition studies demonstrated that only anti-lymphocyte function associated Ag 1 (anti-LFA-1) mAb completely inhibited the in vitro migration of the T cells toward the epidermis, whereas mAb against other T cell surface molecules had little or no effect. Monovalent F(ab) fragment of the anti-LFA-1 mAb, although less efficient, also inhibited the T cell migration. The apparent dependency of the inhibition on the anti-alpha-chain mAb suggested a major role for the alpha-chain of LFA-1 in T cell migration to epidermis. The relevance of an LFA-1-dependent mechanism to the epidermotropic migration of T cells was further strengthened by the findings that the T cell migration to epidermis was inhibited by divalent cation depletion, cytochalasin B, and low temperature. These findings indicate that the LFA-1 molecule, which is thought to be primarily involved in cell-to-cell adhesions, also plays an important role in directing T cell migration to epidermis.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome with rhabdomyoma of the left ventricle.

A case of primary cardiac tumor with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLH) is presented. Sonographic examination at 32 weeks' gestation revealed a large tumor in the left ventricle of the fetal heart. The newborn died of congestive heart failure at 11 days of age. Autopsy demonstrated a large tumor in the left ventricle obliterating most of the left ventricular cavity, aortic atresia, and hypoplastic ascending aorta. Microscopically, the cardiac tumor showed "spider-cells" characteristics of rhabdomyoma.

Female↗
PubMed1991

OK-432 therapy for unresectable lymphangiomas in children.

To avoid surgery-related complications, intralesional OK-432 therapy was used in 23 patients with unresectable lymphangiomas (1986 through 1989). Total or near total shrinkage of the lesions, without serious complication, was noted in 10, marked shrinkage in 8, slight shrinkage in 3, and no response was noted in the remaining 2. Recurrence of the lesions has not been observed during follow-up (4 to 35 months). The side effects of OK-432 therapy were a fever for 2 to 3 days and a local inflammatory reaction lasting 3 to 5 days. The local inflammation did not cause any damage to the overlying skin and did not lead to scar formation. The results suggest that intralesional OK-432 therapy is effective for most unresectable lymphangiomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Spinal cord herniation associated with an intradural spinal arachnoid cyst diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging.

Two rare cases of spinal cord herniation associated with intradural spinal arachnoid cyst are reported. A preoperative magnetic resonance imaging scan demonstrated the presence of spinal cord herniation, identified as a protrusion continuous with the spinal cord. Surgery upon the intradural spinal arachnoid cyst improved progressive neurological dysfunction. The authors postulate that spinal cord herniation occurred for the following reason: The pressure of the intradural arachnoid cyst on the dorsal aspect of the spinal cord caused thinning of the dura, leading to a tear and, thus, the development of an extradural arachnoid cyst. Along with the enlargement of intradural arachnoid cyst, the spinal cord herniated through the tear in the dura into the extradural arachnoid cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Prurigo pigmentosa: role of ICAM-1 in the localization of the eruption.

Immunohistochemical studies were carried out on the skin lesions of two cases of prurigo pigmentosa. There was a predominance of CD4+ cells in the dermal infiltrate, whereas those lymphocytes in the epidermis were mainly CD8+ cells. The majority of dermal and epidermotropic lymphocytes showed an intense expression of lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1). The number of CD1+ cells was increased in the epidermis. There was intense expression of ICAM-1 by keratinocytes in the erythematous papules. Focal expression of ICAM-1 was still observed in the residual pigmented areas and could explain the recurrence of the lesions at these sites.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Estimation of the right ventricular volume overload in children with atrial septal defect by body surface mapping.

To investigate the possibility of estimating the right ventricular volume overload in atrial septal defect (ASD) by body surface mapping (BSM), 45 children with ASD were included in the present study. The breakthrough minimum (BTM) appeared later and more leftward in ASD subjects than in the normal controls. Neither the length of the delay in the appearance of the BTM nor the extent of its leftward deviation was significantly correlated with the pulmonary and systemic flow volume ratio (Qp/Qs), obtained by cardiac catheterization. Therefore neither could be used as the parameter of the right ventricular volume overload. sigma R, Rmax (D3 + D4) + magnitude of S max (H4 + H5) and "T dep", the sum of the absolute values of the departure indices (DIs) in the G4, G5, H4 and H5 leads, and the DIs in the J5, J6, K5, and K6 leads in T departure Map, correlated with the Qp/Qs significantly (r = 0.62, 0.68, 0.69, respectively). Accordingly, they might be useful for estimating the right ventricular volume overload. The subjects were divided into 3 groups according to their Qp/Qs. Discriminant analysis between these 3 groups was then performed, using Rmax (D3), magnitude of S max (H4), and T dep as the variables. The accuracy of this discrimination was 82.2%. The results suggest the possibility of estimating the severity of ASD by BSM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Interleukin 1 alpha, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interferon gamma in psoriasis.

Although recent studies have suggested that a variety of cytokines released by keratinocytes and inflammatory leukocytes could contribute to induction or persistence of the inflammatory processes in psoriasis, it remains unclear how production of these cytokines is regulated in psoriatic patients. To elucidate the biologic relevance of these cytokines to the pathogenesis of psoriasis, we investigated serum levels of interleukin 1 alpha, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interferon gamma in 21 patients with psoriasis vulgaris, together with 21 healthy controls. The mean serum levels of interleukin 1 alpha and tumor necrosis factor alpha were not significantly different from those in controls, while those of interferon gamma were significantly elevated in the patients with psoriasis. Serum levels of interleukin 1 alpha correlated negatively with clinical disease severity expressed as psoriasis area and severity index score and with duration of psoriasis. In contrast, interferon gamma levels were related, although not significantly, to disease severity. In addition, an inverse correlation was noted between the interleukin 1 alpha levels and interferon gamma levels. These results indicate that interleukin 1 alpha and interferon gamma may be relevant to the induction and perpetuation, respectively, of the inflammatory responses in psoriasis, and that these cytokines, which have similar biologic properties, may strictly regulate one another's production in vivo.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A case of successful surgical repair for congenital corrected transposition of the great arteries associated with Ebstein's malformation and diverticulum of atrialized ventricle].

Congenital corrected transposition of the great arteries (C-TGA) is frequently associated with VSD and PS. Systemic atrioventricular valve regurgitation is also sometimes present in patients with C-TGA. It is though that left-sided A-V valve regurgitation is caused by the deformities of the tricuspid valve (TV) or intolerance of TV and the right ventricle (RV) against systemic pressure load. We had a patient with C-TGA associated with Ebstein's malformation. The patient suffered from congestive heart failure due to left-sided A-V valve regurgitation. In this case, the septal and posterior leaflets were displaced below the atrioventricular annulus. The edges of all valves were thickened and partially calcified. Focal agenesis was found in the septal leaflet. There was a distinct atrialized ventricle which had a thin wall and no trabeculae. It shaped like a diverticulum of 3 cm in depth toward the diaphragm. Preoperative cardiac catheterization showed that the functional RV had an adequate size (RVEDVI 162% of normal) and ejection fraction was 53%. Left-sided valve replacement was performed using SJM 31M with preservation of TV. Left-sided atrioventricular annulus was so deformed due to the diverticulum that the prosthetic valve was sutured at the ventricular wall below the atrioventricular annulus to which TV had attached. Good clinical result was obtained after surgical treatment.

Diverticulum↗
PubMed1990

Loss of epidermal integrity by T cell-mediated attack induces long term local resistance to subsequent attack. II. Thymus dependency in the induction of the resistance.

Our previous study showed that in cutaneous graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) induced by intradermal injection of autoreactive T cells the epidermal structures spontaneously recovered from the destruction became resistant to the subsequent attempts to induce the cutaneous GVHD and that the resistance correlated well with a 30-fold increase in the number of Thy-1+ epidermal cells (Thy-1+EC). We show that the resistance to the cutaneous GVHD was never induced in athymic nude mice and adult thymectomy lethal radiation and bone marrow reconstitution (ATXBM) mice under the same conditions, indicating that the induction of the resistance is dependent on the presence of thymus. A great increase in the number of Thy-1+EC was similarly observed in the epidermis of the athymic nude and ATXBM mice that spontaneously recovered from the cutaneous GVHD and that remained susceptible to the induction of the cutaneous GVHD. However, the results with B10Thy-1.1----B6 radiation chimeras clearly demonstrate that the vast majority of the increased Thy-1+EC found in the "susceptible" epidermis of the ATXBM mice were of donor bone marrow origin and there was no increase in the number of host-derived Thy-1+EC, whereas in the "resistant" epidermis of the XBM mice both Thy-1+EC populations were equally increased. The overall results indicate that the expansion of Thy-1+EC that mature in the thymus is crucial to the induction of the resistance, although the migration of bone marrow-derived Thy-1+EC precursors to the epidermis occurs quite independently of the presence of thymus.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The concentration of tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase in plasma and tissues of patients with ovarian and uterine tumors.

The concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and urokinase (UK) were measured in the plasma of patients with benign or malignant ovarian and uterine tumors. Plasma levels of t-PA were higher in patients with malignant ovarian and uterine tumors than in patients with benign tumors. Plasma UK levels were, however, not different between patients with ovarian and uterine tumors (benign or malignant) and normal persons. The concentrations of t-PA and UK of tissues of uterine myoma were lower than those in normal uterine muscular layer. UK levels of tissues of endometrial and cervical cancers were significantly higher than those in normal endometrium and uterine cervix, whereas t-PA levels were not different between these tumors compared with those in normal uterine tissues.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Loss of epidermal integrity by T cell-mediated attack induces long-term local resistance to subsequent attack. I. Induction of resistance correlates with increases in Thy-1+ epidermal cell numbers.

The cutaneous graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) lesions induced by intradermal injection of cloned autoreactive T cells have been shown to subside rapidly and the epidermis returns to normal 2 wk after injection. Those mice that had spontaneously recovered from the cutaneous GVHD became resistant to subsequent attempts to induce the cutaneous GVHD by the T cells while maintaining their activity to mount delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses and to induce the enlargement of the popliteal lymph nodes (PLN). The resistance appeared to be restricted to the epidermal structures of the injection sites, suggesting the involvement of locally acting suppression mechanisms. This local resistance was not specific for the clonotype used for the induction of the resistance. A loss of the epidermal integrity by an attack of T cells capable of producing cutaneous GVHD was a prerequisite for the induction of the resistance. By up to at least 8 mo after injection of the T cells, no mice became susceptible to the cutaneous GVHD again, provided that the T cells were injected into the same footpad sites that had initially received the T cells. This resistance correlated well with the great increase (20-30-fold) in Thy-1+ EC number. The great increase in the number of Thy-1+ EC following destruction of epidermal structures may be important in protecting the epidermal integrity from an additional attack by T cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Potentiation of yawning responses to the dopamine receptor agonists B-HT 920 and SND 919 by pindolol in the rat.

Subcutaneous injection of B-HT 920, a dopamine D2-receptor agonist, in doses ranging from 5 to 100 micrograms/kg, induced yawning behavior in rats. Yawning was also elicited by low doses (25-500 micrograms/kg sc) of SND 919, a newly synthesized dopamine receptor agonist. The yawning evoked by B-HT 920 or SND 919 was increased by the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist pindolol (20 mg/kg ip) which alone did not induce yawning. Stereotyped behavior did not appear after B-HT 920 or SND 919 given alone or in combination with pindolol. The results suggest that SND 919 as well as B-HT 920 has stimulatory activity at dopamine D2-receptors, and that pindolol may exert its enhancement of the yawning response to dopamine receptor agonists via blockade of beta-adrenoceptors.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

Possible involvement of differing classes of dopamine D-2 receptors in yawning and stereotypy in rats.

The present experiments were performed to investigate differences in the properties of the dopamine D-2 receptors related to yawning and stereotypy. Subcutaneous injection of talipexole (B-HT 920) (10-250 micrograms/kg) or SND 919 ((S)-2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-6-propylamino-benzothiazole) (25-500 micrograms/kg) evoked yawning behavior with bell-shaped responses. However, SK&F 38393 (1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-(1H)-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol) (0.5-10 mg/kg SC) did not elicit yawning and decreased yawning responses to low doses of talipexole (25 micrograms/kg SC) or SND 919 (100 micrograms/kg SC). These low but effective doses for inducing yawning of talipexole or SND 919 in combination with SK&F 38393 (0.5-10 mg/kg SC) did not elicit stereotypy. In contrast, yawning behavior was not produced after very high doses of talipexole (500 micrograms/kg SC) or SND 919 (1000 micrograms/kg SC) given alone or in combination with SK&F 38393 (0.5-10 mg/kg SC). These extremely high doses of talipexole or SND 919 evoked slight stereotypy, which was enhanced by the combined treatment with SK&F 38393. The present results suggest that the dopamine D-2 receptors related to yawning are more sensitive to dopamine receptor agonists than those related to stereotypy, and that concurrent stimulation of postsynaptic dopamine D-1 receptors with D-2 receptors reduces the incidence of yawning but enhances that of stereotypy.

2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-ben↗
PubMed1990

Coronary revascularization in a child with Kawasaki disease: use of right gastroepiploic artery.

In coronary insufficiency produced by Kawasaki disease, myocardial revascularization using saphenous vein, internal mammary arteries, and a combination of both grafts has been performed with considerable success. Recently, we successfully used a right gastroepiploic artery as another conduit in coronary revascularization of a 6-year-old boy with Kawasaki disease. Use of the gastroepiploic artery was feasible even in a small child, and this technique is expected to contribute to long-term graft patency as an arterial graft adjunct to internal mammary arteries.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Effect of class Ia antiarrhythmic agents on fasciculoventricular fibers.

In four patients with fasciculoventricular (FV) fibers, the electrocardiographic and electrophysiologic characteristics were studied based on their response to class Ia antiarrhythmic agents. Three patients had paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, and one showed atrioventricular nodal Wenckebach-type block with dual pathways. Three of the four patients showed complete block of FV fibers after administration of disopyramide 0.28-0.60 mg/kg, procainamide 1.7-2.6 mg/kg, and ajmaline 0.18-0.26 mg/kg, respectively. Normalization in the remaining patient was not seen after disopyramide 2 mg/kg or procainamide 10 mg/kg, but was achieved by ajmaline 0.86 mg/kg. Ventricular preexcitation beats showed initial q waves (3 patients) or a decrease in the height of the r wave (1 patient) in V1, no initial q wave in V6 (4 patients), and ST-T changes (1 patient). Since these findings resemble ischemic change or intraventricular conduction disturbance, drug testing is necessary for precise diagnosis and proper clinical management.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Drug-induced, photosensitive, erythema multiforme-like eruption: possible role for cell adhesion molecules in a flare induced by Rhus dermatitis.

Drug-induced, photosensitive erythema multiforme has not been reported, although drugs and sunlight are listed among precipitating factors in erythema multiforme. We describe a case of a drug-induced erythema multiforme-like eruption in a photodistribution that was reproduced by clinical challenge with the drug and sunlight. On contact with Rhus verniciflua, the Japanese lacquer tree, the patient had a flare of the eruption, which was limited to the areas previously exposed to sun. Immunohistochemical studies suggested that the keratinocytes in the skin that retain teh photoactivated substances may facilitate epidermal invasion of lymphocytes by persistent expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1.

Adult↗