Reciprocal alterations of enzymic phenotype of purine and pyrimidine metabolism in induced differentiation of leukemia cells.
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Cell Cycle↗
Biomedical subjects
M Nagai
Publications and source records attributed to M Nagai.
Effects of lead on osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse bone marrow cell cultures.
To examine an effect of lead (Pb) on the process of osteoclast-like cell formation from its progenitors, we used a mouse bone marrow culture system in which osteoclast-like multinucleated cells (MNCs) were formed in response to bone-resorbing agents. In a 9-day culture period, Pb dose-dependently stimulated MNC formation over the concentration range 2-10 microM, whereas at 40 microM Pb, MNC formation declined. In an 11-day culture period, MNC formation reached a maximum at 5 microM Pb and decreased with increasing concentration of Pb at 10-40 microM. Pb-stimulated MNC formation was inhibited by both indomethacin and SC19220, an antagonist of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor. Pb stimulated the production of PGE2 in marrow cell cultures, suggesting that Pb-stimulated MNC formation is dependent on the production of PGE2. 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine potentiated Pb-stimulated MNC formation and 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine, an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase, inhibited it. A calcium ionophore A23187 increased Pb-induced MNC formation and verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, depressed it. It is possible that a PGE2-induced increase in the levels of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and calcium ions in marrow cells is involved in Pb-induced MNC formation. Pb and parathyroid hormone showed a synergistic stimulation on MNC formation. From these results, Pb is thought to induce osteoclast-like cell formation by a mechanism involving PGE2 which increases the intracellular levels of cAMP and calcium ions.
1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
Hypotensive effects of lithospermic acid B isolated from the extract of Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix in the rat.
1. The in vivo and in vitro effects of lithospermic acid B (LSA-B), which was extracted from Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix, on vascular relaxation responses were examined in rats. 2. Intravenous injection of LSA-B (10-30 mg/kg) decreased the blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner. 3. In perfused mesenteric arterial bed precontracted with methoxamine (10(-5) M), LSA-B (10(-5) - 10(-3) M) produced a concentration-dependent relaxation. 4. Vasodilator response of the mesentery in response to LSA-B was reversed by 10(-4) M NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA). 5. The inhibition of vasodilation by L-NMMA was reversed by L-arginine (3 x 10(-4) M). 6. These results suggest that LSA-B-induced hypotensive effect may be due to the endothelium-dependent vasodilation of resistance artery such as mesenteric arterial bed.
Anesthesia↗
Pigmented squamous cell carcinoma of the alveolar ridge in the oral mucosa.
The clinical and morphologic features of a pigmented squamous cell carcinoma of the alveolar ridge in an 81-year-old Japanese woman are reported. The tumor was typical, well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma but had many melanin-containing cells within it. Electron microscopy showed melanosomes in macrophages, melanocytes, and neoplastic squamous cells. Those in the neoplastic squamous cells seemed to have been excreted from the cytoplasmic processes of melanocytes.
Aged↗
Baccharane glycosides from seeds of Impatiens balsamina.
From the seeds of Impatiens balsamina have been isolated four rare baccharane glycosides, hosenkosides L-O. The structures of all isolates were secured by the use of 2D NMR techniques (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, ROESY) and chemical derivatization. Hosenkosides L and M are hosenkol A 3-O-sambubiosyl-28-O-glucoside and 3-O-sambubiosyl-26-O-glucosyl-28-O-glucoside, respectively. Hosenkoside N is hosenkol C 3-O-glucosyl-28-O-glucoside. Hosenkoside O is hosenkol D 3-O-sophorosyl-28-O-glucoside.
Glycosides↗
A case-control study of ulcerative colitis in Japan.
To determine whether risk factors of ulcerative colitis among Japanese are the same as those observed in other countries, we conducted a case-control study in Japan in 1988-90. Patients selected for the study were receiving financial aid for treatment of the disease; an equal number of population-based controls matched by age and sex were selected. Smoking decreased the risk of the disease (odds ratio = 0.30; 95% confidence interval, 0.16-0.56), and stopping smoking increased the risk (odds ratio compared with those who had never smoked = 1.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.73-2.85). In those who drank alcoholic beverages > or = 5 days a week, disease development was less likely than in others (odds ratio = 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.30-0.81). In addition, difficulties in human relations at work, a family history of asthma, a medical history of surgical procedures, and personality traits such as nervousness, anxiety, and obsessive behavior were also considered risk factors. Although some findings are similar to those in former studies, a few findings are different: surgical procedures, occupational status, and a family history of the disease. To clarify whether the differences are consistent will require other case-control studies.
Adult↗
Acute ischemia of the lower legs from blunt abdominal trauma: an unusual cause of atheroembolism--case report.
A 79-year-old man sustained blunt abdominal trauma in an automobile crash, resulting in intra-abdominal bleeding and acute ischemia of the lower extremities. Angiography demonstrated occlusion of the popliteal arteries bilaterally. He died of multiple organ failure despite immediate surgical intervention. Pathologic examination revealed diffuse atheroembolism of the lower legs.
Abdominal Injuries↗
Congenital dermal sinus with intracranial dermoid cyst.
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Brain Neoplasms↗
Long-term follow up in type A insulin resistant syndrome treated by insulin-like growth factor I.
Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a useful therapeutic agent in insulin resistant diabetes mellitus due to insulin receptor disease because of its hypoglycaemic effects through the IGF-I receptor. A girl with typical type A insulin resistant syndrome was treated with IGF-I for two years and the treatment was effective in ameliorating hyperglycaemia. Overproduction of testosterone in polycystic ovaries was aggravated with this treatment, however. Therefore, IGF-I treatment may be used for glycaemic control but with caution because of its possible side effect of aggravating hyperandrogenism in these patients.
Acanthosis Nigricans↗
Pulsating electromagnetic field stimulates mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -4.
The effects of a pulsating electromagnetic field on mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -4 in chick embryonic calvaria were examined. From the onset of embryogenesis (Day 0), chick embryos were incubated in a continuously generated pulsating electromagnetic field with a peak of 3.5 milli-Tesla (mean: 2 milli-Tesla) and vibration at 15 Hz. Control chicks were incubated in a normal magnetic field. Northern-blot analysis showed that the mRNAs of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -4 were expressed in the calvaria. Quantitative analysis of the mRNA expressions was done by means of slot-blot hybridization. The magnetic field enhanced the expressions of both mRNAs. The enhancements were more pronounced in younger chick embryos (Day 15 > Day 17), and no significant change was observed in the 19-day-old embryos. These results indicate that osteo-inductive effects of the magnetic field were mediated at least in part by bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -4.
Animals↗
Age-dependent decreases in fibrinolytic enzyme activities in serum of healthy subjects.
We investigated the age-dependency of serum levels of 9 kinds of proteases. The results showed that the enzymatic activities corresponding to urokinase, plasmin, and thrombin, all involved in blood clotting and fibrinolysis, were inversely correlated with age. This suggests that there is some similarity between the normal process of aging and the pathologic process of Alzheimer's disease. Compared with our previous data on Alzheimer patients, the present results indicate that some derangement in the aging process is involved in the pathogenetic mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease.
Aging↗
Hosenkosides F, G, H, I, J, and K, novel baccharane glycosides from the seeds of Impatiens balsamina.
From the seeds of Impatiens balsamina we have isolated six novel baccharane glycosides, hosenkosides F-K. The structures of all isolates were determined by the use of two dimensional (2D) NMR techniques (1H-1H correlation spectroscopy (COSY), heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence (HMQC), heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation (HMBC), rotating frame Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (ROESY), total correlation spectroscopy (TOCSY)) and chemical derivatization. Hosenkosides F, H and I are hosenkol B 3-O-sambubiosido-26-O-glucoside, 3-O-sambubioside and 3,26-O-diglucoside, respectively. Hosenkoside G is hosenkol C 3-O-sambubiosido-28-O-glucoside. Hosenkosides J and K are hosenkol A 3-O-sophoroside and 3-O-sophorosido-26-O-glucosyl-28-O-glucoside, respectively.
Carbohydrate Sequence↗
Studies on the Chinese crude drug "Shoma." VIII. Two new triterpenol bisdesmosides, 3-arabinosyl-24-O-acetylhydroshengmanol 15-glucoside and 3-xylosyl-24-O-acetylhydroshengmanol 15-glucoside, from Cimicifuga dahurica.
Two new triterpenol glycosides were isolated from the rhizomes of Cimicifuga dahurica (Ranunculaceae): 3-arabinosyl-24-O-acetylhydroshengmanol 15-glucoside (1), C43H70O16, mp 222-223 degrees C, [alpha]D +21.0 degrees and 3-xylosyl-24-O-acetylhydroshengmanol 15-glucoside (2), C43H70O16, mp 208-210 degrees C, [alpha]D +9.5 degrees. On acidic hydrolysis, 1 afforded cimigenol (3) as an aglycone, and glucose and arabinose as sugars. On enzymatic hydrolysis with molsin, 1 afforded 24-O-acetylhydroshengmanol 15-O-glucoside (4). On the basis of chemical and spectral data, the structure of 1 was proposed to be (23R,24S)-24-acetoxy-3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyloxy-16,23-e poxy-9,19- 15-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside. The other glycoside (2) showed, in its 13C-NMR spectrum, a pattern of chemical shifts very similar to that of 1. On acidic hydrolysis, 2 afforded cimigenol (3), xylose and glucose. On enzymatic hydrolysis with molsin, 2 afforded 4. From these results, the structure of 2 was proposed to be (23R,24S)-24-acetoxy-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyloxy-16,23-epoxy -9,19-cyclolanostane-15 alpha,16 xi,25-triol 15-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal↗
Water consumption in suckling pigs.
Water consumption was measured in 199 suckling pigs aged 1 to 28 days. The suckling pigs began to drink water 3 to 5 hr after birth. Water consumption per pig increased from 36 ml/day at the age of 1 day to 403 ml/day at the age of 28 days. Water consumption per kg body weight, on the other hand, remained constant at 51 to 62 ml, regardless of age. This results indicates that it may be possible to add drugs to drinking water for the purpose of medication in suckling pigs.
Aging↗
[Bathing in bed accelerates the recovery of skin temperature after ethanol-loading].
Bathing in bed (BB) is an essential nursing technique applied to patients with restricted physical abilities. The aim of this technique is to keep the functions of the skin as an external barrier and to prevent the patients from infection and decubitus. However, the effect of BB on the blood circulation of the skin has not yet been identified, and the data observed are controversial. We have evaluated the effects of BB on the blood circulation of the skin by use of thermography. BB was applied on the right side of the back (RB) in 6 healthy female subjects who exposed both sides of their back (RB and LB) at room temperature. Ethanol was applied on the 5 x 5 cm area of RB and LB after BB, and recovery of the skin temperature was observed. After BB, the average temperature of RB was significantly lower than that of LB. This shows that BB decreases temperature of the skin exposed in the air probably due to the supply of water by washcloth. Recovery of the skin temperature after the ethanol-loading was accelerated on RB. This indicates that BB facilitates the response of the blood vessels in the skin.
Adult↗
Immunophenotypic analysis of primary malignant lymphoma of the brain.
The immunophenotypes in three cases of primary malignant lymphomas of the brain were analyzed by flow cytometry using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. In all three cases the immunophenotypes were CD10 negative, CD19 positive, and CD20 positive, and in two cases human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR positive. CD20 showed high positivity (80-97%), while CD19 revealed low positivity (30-50%). These neoplastic cells apparently became malignant at the B-cell differentiation stage, when they expressed both CD19 and CD20. Differentiation continued until CD19 was no longer expressed, when further differentiation stopped between the last stage of B-cell differentiation and the early stage of plasma cell formation (Case 3 was CD38 positive). Case 1 was immunoblastic type lymphoma and the cells were both surface immunoglobulin and HLA-DR negative. At least 40% of Case 2 cells showed both B-cell and T-cell markers. Immunophenotypic study can help determine the cell lineage, clonality, and stage of differentiation of lymphoid neoplasms.
Adult↗
Low-dose continuous subcutaneous infusion of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in acute myelogenous leukemia and its pharmacokinetics.
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) shortens the duration of chemotherapy-induced granulocytopenia in acute leukemia. G-CSF is administered by 30-min intravenous infusion at a dose of 200 micrograms/m2/day or 5 micrograms/kg/day in most studies. In this study, the efficacy of a reduced dose (33 micrograms/m2/day) of continuous subcutaneous infusion of G-CSF was compared with the effects achieved by 30-min intravenous infusion of the standard dose (200 micrograms/m2/day) in neutropenia after identical chemotherapy in seven patients with acute myelogenous leukemia who were in remission. The duration of granulocytopenia (< 0.5 x 10(9)/l), thrombocytopenia (< 50 x 10(9)/l); G-CSF administration and fever (> 38 degrees C) were 10.1 +/- 5.0 days, 16.5 +/- 9.3 days, 16.6 +/- 7.4 days and 3.1 +/- 5.4 days for 33 micrograms/m2/day continuous subcutaneous infusion, and 10.7 +/- 6.8 days, 16.7 +/- 9.9 days, 16.1 +/- 7.6 days and 2.0 +/- 2.5 days for 30-min intravenous infusion of the standard dose of G-CSF. In each parameter studied, there was no statistical difference between the two methods of G-CSF administration by paired t-test. The costs for G-CSF could be substantially reduced. In most patients, plasma G-CSF concentration rose to the highest level of 1.8-3.7 ng/ml 48-72 h after starting 33 micrograms/m2/day continuous subcutaneous infusion, and gradually decreased as the peripheral granulocyte count recovered, suggesting binding of G-CSF molecules to the specific receptors on the cells of granulocytic lineage.
Adult↗
[A distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm in the fourth ventricle: a case report].
The authors reported a case of a fourth ventricle aneurysm originating from the choroidal branch of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). A 65-year-old woman became comatose following the acute onset of a severe headache and vomiting. She was moribund on admission, showing decerebrate posture. CT scan revealed a massive hematoma in the fourth ventricle up to the lateral ventricle. Extension of blood to the cisterna magna through the cerebellar vermis was also noted. Angiography demonstrated an aneurysm distally located on the right PICA across the midline. The aneurysm lodged in the choroid plexus which was exclusively fed by the right PICA was excised without difficulty through suboccipital craniectomy. Postoperative course was uneventful. She regained her full consciousness by two days after the operation, and was discharged with a minimal truncal ataxia. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a ruptured aneurysm developing in the choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle. Hemodynamic stress is speculated to be a causative factor of such a lesion.
Aged↗