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Biomedical subjects

M N Blinov

Publications and source records attributed to M N Blinov.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Effect of antilymphocyte globulin on growth and erythroid differentiation of K-562 cells].

The influence of antilymphocytic globulin (ALG) on the proliferative activity and erythroid differentiation of erythromyeloid K-562 cells was studied. It has been established that ALG produces a dose-dependent inhibiting effect (20-150 micrograms of ALG/ml) on the proliferative activity of K-562 cells and induces erythroid differentiation of these cells that does not depend on the concentration of ALG used in the test. Pretreatment of K-562 cells with ALG increases their sensitivity to the following growth-inhibiting action of cytosine-arabinoside.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗
PubMed1990

[Ultrastructural organization and argentophilic areas of the lymphoblastic nucleoli in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

The ultrastructural organization and the state of silver-staining nucleoli (Ag-NOR) of peripheral blood and bone marrow lymphoblasts of 10 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were studied in the complex with the biochemical assay of the ribosomal levels in the cellular cytoplasm of these patients. In the majority of the patients investigated the morphological picture of the nucleolus and the character of Ag-NOR have evidenced the high functional activity of pRNA-synthesizing apparatus and correlated with the high ribosomal level in the cytoplasm of the cells studied. Significant accumulation of granular components (RNP-particles) in the nucleoli of the lymphoblasts, reflecting disorders in their transport from nucleus to cytoplasm, were detected only in 2 patients.

Cell Nucleolus↗
PubMed1990

[Enzymatic markers in chronic myeloleukemia and their importance for identifying a blast crisis].

The paper summarizes data on the activity of adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase which contribute to purine nucleotide degradation. The enzyme activity was studied in leukocytes of varying degree of differentiation obtained from 29 cases with chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 19 patients with acute phase of the disease and from blasts of 32 cases with CML-associated blast crisis. In CML patients, lymphocytes of leukemic clones showed various levels of activity of the enzymes. Myeloid and lymphoid blast crises proved biochemically heterogeneous. The possibility to establish the nature of blast crisis in CML on the basis of profile of adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase in blasts is discussed.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1990

[Changes in the functional properties of NK-cells and the cytostatic activity of granulocytes in acute leukemia patients].

Effector activity of natural killers (NK) was studied, and functional state of NK and granulocytes was evaluated in 23 normal subjects and 28 acute leukemia patients (12 of them being in clinico-hematological remission up to 2 years). In acute leukemia significant disorders are observed in the system of nonspecific antitumor defence that is evidenced by a drastic decrease of NK activity due to changes in the functional properties of NK--their capacity for producing conjugates and blast cell lysis, low sensitivity to exogenous interferon, and lowered spontaneous cytostatic of granulocytes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Ribosome content, spontaneous damage and repairing DNA synthesis in patients with chronic B-lymphocytic leukemia depending on stage and form of disease].

The ribosome content (84 patients), DNA alkaline-labile sites or strand breaks (21 patients) and unscheduled DNA synthesis in lymphocytes under normal and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) were studied. It has been shown that the alkaline-labile DNA damages increased about 3-5 fold while the ribosome content was normal at an early (corresponding to Rai's O-I stages) and an advanced (II-III stages by Rai) stages of B-CLL. In the course of B-CLL, the DNA strand breaks and number of ribosomes per cell decreased with the correlation coefficient r = 0.72. The slowing down of the unscheduled DNA synthesis at the advanced and terminal (IV stage by Rai) B-CLL stages does not correlate with the DNA strand breaks. In the advanced stage with its established clinical variability of forms, when an adequate treatment was necessary, the lymphocyte ribosome levels drop following the expansion of main compartments involved by the leukemic spread.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Ultrastructural organization of nucleoli and ribosome level in lymphocytes at different stages of maturation in patients with chronic B-cell lymphocytic leukemia].

To clarify the role of the ribosome apparatus in the differentiation and maturation, the nucleolar ultrastructure, ribosome level and maturation stages of lymphocytes and their phorbol ester-induced differentiation capacity were studied immunologically, cytochemically and electron-microscopically in 16 patients with B-chronic lymphoid leukemia (B-CLL) and in one with small lymphocyte lymphoma. Most B-CLL cases had the clones mainly consisting of cells at an intermediate maturation stage. The cases with immature and mature lymphocyte clones were observed more rarely. The acid phosphatase activity did not correlate with the maturation stages of the lymphoid cells. The nucleolus activity ranged from virtually zero to high one. In general, there was a relationship between the ribosome content and nucleolus activity, although there were exceptions suggesting the impaired ribosome biogenesis. There was no correlation between the ribosome content and maturation degree of B-CLL lymphocytes and their phorbol-ester-induced differentiation capacity.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1989

[Interrelation of degradation processes of purine nucleotides and their biosynthetic transformation in the blood cells of patients with acute leukemia].

It has been shown that the leukemic process shifts the balance of individual enzymatic steps of the purine nucleotide degradation and biosynthesis. In acute lymphoblastic leukosis (ALL) and acute myeloblastic leukosis (AML) the rate of purine degradation, as estimated by the ADA enzyme activity (ES 3.5.4.4.) and PNP (EC 2.4.2.1), exceeds considerably that of their enzymes AMP-DA (EC 3.5.4.6.) and IMP-DH (EC 1.2.1.14.) biosynthesis. The data obtained suggest the existence of differences in the enzymatic program of purine metabolism in the malignant transformation of hematopoietic tissue and in other tumours.

AMP Deaminase↗
PubMed1989

[Ribosome levels in T- and B lymphocytes in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia].

The levels of ribosomes in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) T lymphocytes have been shown to be within normal whereas those in B-CLL B-lymphocytes to vary from normal to fairly low levels. There was no dependence of the ribosome content on the maturation of B lymphocytes as it was established by levels rosetting with mouse red blood cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Functional changes in the natural killer cells of patients with acute leukemia].

The results of study of NKC activity (51Cr release assay, conjugate-forming and lytic activity) in healthy persons and patients with acute leukemia (AL) in active phase and in remission are presented. It has been shown that the depression of the NKC activity in acute phase of AL (6 times as low as in norm) and in remission (3 times as low as in norm) depended upon disturbances of the processes of conjugate formation, lytic and recycling activity. Correlation has been found between percentage of lytic conjugates and that of cytotoxicity. The increase of NKC activity in remission seemed to be due to tendency to normalization of functional state of NK-cells (conjugate-forming and recycling activity).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

[Cytostatic activity of granulocytes in patients with acute leukemia].

The in vitro spontaneous cytostatic activity of peripheral blood granulocytes against human tumour cell of erythromyeloid line K-562 has been studied in healthy persons and in patients with acute leukemia. It has been found that with the target cell K-562: granulocyte ratio of 1:20, the normal granulocytes inhibit the K-562 cell growth by 44.3 +/- 3.1% at 37 degrees C within 42 h; in patients with acute leukemia in the acute phase of the disease the cytostatic activity is greatly lowered, while in remission up to two years it increases, however, without reaching the normal values. In remissions of more than three years, this physiological function of granulocytes is normalized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Activity of natural killers in acute leukemia in children].

Natural killer (NK) activity was studied in healthy children, (16) and those with acute leukemia at different phases of the disease (63). Patients' age ranged 3-11 years. NK activity was measured by release of 51Cr from the labelled K 562 target cells. A sharp decrease in NK activity was found in the acute phase, irrespective of the morphologic pattern of acute leukemia, the degree of blastosis and therapy. 75% of patients achieving remission revealed a decreased NK activity within the first 24 months, while in 25% it was normal. At 3 years and later, the majority of responders showed normal NK activity.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

[Characteristics of ribosomal RNA synthesis in the blood lymphocytes of chronic lympholeukemia patients].

A study was made of the number of silver grains over the nucleoli and of the content of ribosomes in the lymphocyte cytoplasm for six healthy persons and for 20 patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia. Besides ratios of compact, nucleolonemic and ring types of nucleoli were evaluated in addition to counts of the specific radioactivity of mature 28S rRNA in lymphocytes. In the majority of cases examined, cells with 1 or 2 nucleoli of compact and nucleolonemic types were seen dominating. The number of silver grains over the nucleoli in the control healthy persons did not differ from that in patients who did not receive any treatment, which contrasted with high value grain counts in the treated patients. The lymphocyte ribosome contents varied within the normal and decreased values in both the patient groups. The specific radioactivity in 28S rRNA leukemic lymphocytes was significantly lower in groups of patients with low ribosome contents than in those with the normal ones. The data suggest that in the leukemic cells with a high or unaltered activity of ribosome cistrons and low ribosome levels rRNA processing is broken.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Polyamine levels and biosynthesis in leukocytes during leukemic transformation].

The content of polyamines, rate of their biosynthesis, and activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODK), the key regulatory enzyme in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway, have been studied in the leukocytes of healthy persons and of patients with various forms of leukemia. The polyamine levels and the rate of their biosynthesis were considerably higher in lymphocytes than in granulocytes. In leukemias, as the cell population rejuvenated, both the polyamine content and the spermidine/spermine ratio were found to be markedly elevated approaching the maximal values in human blast cells of K-562 line. The leukemic transformation of myeloid cells was associated with the increase in the ornithine decarboxylase activity and in the rate of polyamine synthesis, whereas these items were significantly lowered in lymphoid leukemic cells. The changes observed in polyamine metabolism in leukemias are considered to be related to the proliferative and biosynthetic activity of the cells.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of purine nucleosides on human leukocytes in normal conditions and in leukemias].

The degree of action of purine nucleosides (adenosine, deoxyadenosine (d-ado) and deoxyguanosine (d-gua] on peripheral blood leukocytes in leukemias has been shown to change, as estimated by their inhibition of the protein biosynthesis. The inhibitory effect of purines on lymphocytes of the CLL patients and on myeloid cells of patients is decreased as compared to the normal cells. On the contrary, blast cells in T-ALL and AML exhibit the increased sensitivity to d-gua and d-ado. The cytotoxicity of d-ado, as compared to that of other nucleosides, is markedly higher against both the normal and leukemic lymphoid and myeloid cells. The relationship between the differences in purine nucleoside action on the normal and leukemic cells and the peculiar features of the nucleotide metabolism in these cells is discussed.

Blood Proteins↗