Biomedical subjects

M Mutanen

Publications and source records attributed to M Mutanen.

62 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1985

Effect of ascorbic acid supplementation on selenium bioavailability in humans.

The study was designed to investigate the effect of supplemental ascorbic acid on the bioavailability of selenium (Se) in humans by using plasma Se levels and plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity as indicators of the body Se status. Three groups of female university students were supplemented for 4 weeks with either 50 micrograms sodium selenate, 50 micrograms sodium selenate together with 200 mg ascorbic acid, or with 200 mg ascorbic acid three times daily during meals. Plasma Se levels increased significantly (P less than 0.01) in all three groups regardless of the type of supplementation. The increase was highest in the group having both Se and ascorbic acid and smallest in the group receiving only ascorbic acid. The changes in plasma GSH-Px activities reflected those in plasma Se, but the increases were smaller (P less than 0.05). These results suggest that supplemental ascorbic acid may have a beneficial effect on the bioavailability of the natural Se in foods. However, ascorbic acid did not seem to affect the availability of the supplemental sodium selenate. Therefore, the effect of ascorbic acid on the bioavailability of selenium may vary depending on the ingested selenium compound.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

Dietary intake and sources of selenium in young Finnish women.

Dietary intake of selenium by 29 young Finnish women was estimated using the 7-day record method. The mean daily selenium intake was 31 micrograms by calculation. The main dietary sources of selenium were fish and eggs (29.5 per cent of the total intake), cereals (28.1 per cent) and milk (18.7 per cent). Using multiple regression analysis, it was shown that selenium intake cannot be explained by the consumption of nine main food groups because of the large variation in selenium content of different foods in each of the food groups. The 95 per cent confidence limits for an individual's selenium intake showed that the 7-day record method gave an estimate within 35 per cent of the long-term selenium intake. The high intra-individual variation in the selenium intake found in the present study warrants particular attention when dietary data on selenium intake are considered in relation to health parameters.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

Dietary intervention study among 30 free-living families in Finland.

A dietary intervention study to reduce risk factors for coronary heart disease was carried out among 30 free-living middle-aged couples in North Karelia, Eastern Finland. During the study, the subjects changed their normal diet for six weeks. The main changes in the diet were decrease in the consumption of fat (from 39% to 24% of total calories), increase in the P:S ratio from 0.15 to 1.22, and increased consumption of fruit and vegetables. The changes in the food consumption pattern were facilitated by giving the families free food items, such as skim milk, vegetable margarine, vegetables, and fruit. The food consumption and nutrient intakes were measured by food consumption records kept every other day. Also, duplicate diets were collected once during each study period for chemical analysis. Compliance with the dietary changes was better than expected, and the acceptability and the palatability of the diet were reported to be good. The decrease in the fat content of the diet increased the nutrient density of the diet; i.e., the concentration of vitamins and minerals improved. This study showed how even more drastic dietary changes than those recommended by health authorities can be realized among ordinary Finnish people.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

Controlled, randomised trial of the effect of dietary fat on blood pressure.

57 couples living in two communities of North Karelia, aged 30-50 years, were randomly allocated to three groups. After a 2-week baseline period group I followed a diet low in fat (23% of energy) with a high polyunsaturated/saturated (P/S) ratio (1 . 0), group II reduced daily salt intake from 192 mmol to 77 mmol, and group III (control group) continued the usual diet. After the 6-week intervention period groups I and II reverted to their usual diets. In group I systolic blood pressure declined from 138 . 4 to 129 . 5 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure from 88 . 9 to 81 . 3 mm Hg during the intervention period; the values rose during switch-back. The fall was greater among hypertensive than among normotensive subjects. In groups II and III the mean blood pressure changed very little during the study.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

Effect of dietary fat on blood pressure in a rural Finnish population.

Thirty couples living in Liperi, a community of North Karelia, aged 40 to 50 yr participated in a dietary intervention study to assess the influence of dietary fat on blood pressure and other parameters. After a weeklong base-line period the subjects consumed a low fat diet (24% of energy) with a polyunsaturated/saturated fat ratio (P/S) of 1.2 for 6 wk. After this 6-wk intervention period the subjects resumed their normal diets (36% energy from fat, P/S 0.15) for an additional 6-wk period. Body weight remained constant throughout the study and salt intakes were approximately 12 g/day. During the low fat, high P/S period a decrease of 7.5 and 2.8 mm Hg pressure occurred for systolic and diastolic blood pressure from the base-line level. When the normal diet was resumed, systolic and diastolic blood pressures increased by 7.7 and 6.3 mm Hg, respectively, from the levels observed at the end of the intervention period.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

The role of imported grain on the selenium intake of Finnish population in 1941-1981.

When the average intake of selenium among the Finnish population during the period 1941 to 1981 was estimated, the proportion of imported grain used for human consumption, as well as its country of origin, was taken into account as a factor increasing the total intake. The figures indicting the intake of selenium during the study period range from 21 to 56 micrograms/day, clearly exceeding the values obtained when the intake is assessed on the basis of the selenium content of Finnish grain only. The proportion of selenium derived from grain out of the total intake of selenium ranged from 10 to 67% during the study period.

Commerce↗

PubMed1982

Effect of diet on serum lipoproteins in a population with a high risk of coronary heart disease.

The population of North Karelia, a county in Finland, has a high rate of coronary heart disease. It also has a high prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, but whether this reflects a diet rich in animal fats or is a result of genetic factors is unclear. We studied the effect on serum lipoproteins of a low-fat diet with a high ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids in 54 middle-aged volunteers in North Karelia. Total serum cholesterol decreased, from 263 +/- 8 mg per deciliter (mean +/- S.E.) to 201 +/- 5 mg in men (P less than 0.0001) and from 239 +/- 8 to 188 +/- 8 mg in women (P less than 0.0001), along with low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and apoprotein B. High-density lipoprotein decreased from 54 +/- 2 mg per deciliter to 44 +/- 2 in men (P less than 0.0001) and from 56 +/- 3 to 47 +/- 2 mg in women (P less than 0.0001). A small but significant reduction occurred in serum apoprotein A-I, whereas apoprotein A-II increased slightly. The individual changes in low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol correlated with those in high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol. The changes in serum lipids and apoproteins were reversed when the participants returned to their original diets. Our results suggest that the hypercholesterolemia characteristic of this population is due at least in part to dietary factors.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of a diet low in saturated fatty acids on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and HDL subfractions.

The effect on serum high density lipoprotein subfractions of a low fat diet with a high ratio of polyunsaturated-to-saturated fatty acids was studied in 38 middle-aged volunteers (19 men and 19 women) in North Karelia, Finland. The mean serum HDL2 cholesterol decreased from 32 +/- 2 mg/dl (mean +/- SE) to 28 +/- 2 mg/dl (p less than 0.001) during the experimental diet and returned to 33 +/- 2 mg/dl (p less than 0.001) after a return to the original diet. No changes were observed in the concentration of HDL3 cholesterol. A highly significant decrease was observed in serum apoprotein A-I concentration, but not in apoprotein A-II concentration during the experimental diet. It is concluded that a low-fat, high-P/S ratio diet lowers LDL and HDL2 cholesterol in healthy volunteers, but does not influence the level of HDL3 subfraction.

Apoproteins↗