Late onset urinary abnormality in anaphylactoid purpura found by urinary screening.
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Child↗
Biomedical subjects
M Murakami
Publications and source records attributed to M Murakami.
Link between Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis and duodenal ulcer.
We examined the interrelationships among the degree of fundic mucosal atrophy, the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in the gastric antrum, the gastric juice, and the duodenum with and without gastric metaplasia, in 20 duodenal ulcer patients and 20 non-duodenal ulcer patients. The detection rates of H. pylori in the antrum, the gastric juice, and the duodenum were significantly higher in duodenal ulcer patients (80%, 65%, and 60%) than in non-duodenal ulcer subjects (50%, 20%, and 5%). The frequency of H. pylori was significantly lower in the gastric juice (30%) and the duodenum (10%) in non-duodenal ulcer patients with antral H. pylori, compared with those in duodenal ulcer patients with antral H. pylori. All of seven patients with both gastric metaplasia and H. pylori infection in the duodenum had duodenal ulcer, whereas only 1 of 14 patients without either gastric metaplasia or H. pylori infection in the duodenum had duodenal ulcer. There was normal or mild atrophic mucosa in the fundus of duodenal ulcer patients with H. pylori in the antrum, whereas moderate or severe atrophic mucosa in non-duodenal ulcer patients with H. pylori gastritis. These results suggest that the preserved fundic mucosa, gastric metaplasia in the duodenum, and a greater load of H. pylori to the duodenum through the gastric juice may be prerequisites for the formation of duodenal ulcers.
Adult↗
Carbamazepine-induced skin rash in children with epilepsy.
The clinical and epidemiological findings in children with epilepsy who experienced skin rashes induced by carbamazepine (CBZ) were prospectively evaluated. Thirty-three (9.9%) of 335 patients who received CBZ therapy experienced a skin rash. Seven had diffuse erythema, 13 miliary exanthema, 11 maculopapular or speckled reddish rash, 3 petechiae, and 2 mucocutaneous syndrome. A skin rash was more frequent in older children (over 6 years old). The skin rashes appeared soon after initiation of the therapy, i.e., from the 8th to 60th day (mean: 14.3 +/- 9.6 days) after the start of CBZ therapy and disappeared within a few days after discontinuation of the therapy. Haematological abnormalities (30.3%), such as leucocytopenia and thrombocytopenia, and hepatic dysfunction (27.3%) sometimes appeared concomitantly with the skin rash. CBZ is an effective and safe antiepileptic drug, but careful management is necessary on initiation of the therapy.
Adolescent↗
A case of Sjögren's syndrome complicating immune-mediated aplastic anaemia.
A 78-year-old Japanese woman with Sjögren's syndrome complicating immune-mediated aplastic anaemia is described. A diagnosis of aplastic anaemia was made from severe pancytopenia with hypoplastic marrow. Laboratory studies suggested an association of bone marrow suppressive T-lymphocytes with the pathogenesis of aplastic anaemia. Following the administration of mepithiostan and prednisolone, pancytopenia improved gradually. Two years after the onset of aplastic anaemia, Raynaud's phenomenon developed and examinations revealed the existence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca and anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibodies.
Aged↗
Marked thrombocytosis with chromosomal abnormalities in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
An 80 year-old Japanese woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), complicated with thrombocytosis is described. Mild to moderate thrombocytosis is commonly observed in patients with RA, but she had marked thrombocytosis of over 1000 x 10(3)/mm3 and monosomy 22 with marker chromosome. This case suggests that thrombocytosis unusual with disease activity of RA might occur, and that careful evaluation of the thrombocytosis is required.
Aged↗
Gastric ammonia has a potent ulcerogenic action on the rat stomach.
BACKGROUND: The pathophysiological mechanism by which Helicobacter pylori induces mucosal injury has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of urea, urease, and ammonia in rat gastric mucosal lesions using an ex vivo chamber model. METHODS: Two groups of rats, normotensive rats and those subjected to ischemia, were studied. The gastric mucosa was examined histologically and macroscopically, and the transmucosal potential difference was measured. RESULTS: Instillation of urea into the stomach generated ammonia in the presence of urease. The amount of ammonia was increased depending on the concentration of urea and was closely associated with the severity of the histological lesions. The exposure of the stomach to 15-60 mmol/L ammonium hydroxide induced both a reduction in transmucosal potential difference and microscopic damage to the gastric mucosa in normotensive rats. Moreover, 15-60 mmol/L ammonium hydroxide produced severe macroscopic gastric lesions in the rats subjected to ischemia. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that ammonia is deleterious to the gastric mucosa and suggest the importance of urea, urease, and ammonia in the pathophysiology of gastric diseases in H. pylori-infected patients.
Action Potentials↗
Versatility of the free or pedicled superficial cervical artery skin flaps in head and neck burns.
The usefulness of the free or pedicled superficial cervical artery skin flap in reconstructive surgery of head and neck burns is reported. This flap can be made with the pivot point near the cervical region. Moreover, it can be elevated as a free or long vascular pedicled flap. Therefore, it is widely applicable in reconstructing the scar contractures of the head and neck, particularly in extensively and deeply burned patients.
Adult↗
A comparative study on protein incorporation of L-[methyl-3H]methionine, L-[1-14C]leucine and L-2-[18F]fluorotyrosine in tumor bearing mice.
Brain and tumor uptake of L-[methyl-3H]methionine (3H-Met), L-[1-14C]leucine (14C-Leu) and L-2-[18F]fluorotyrosine (18F-Tyr) and their incorporation into the acid-precipitable fraction (APF) were investigated in mice bearing FM3A-P0 and the higher metastatic FM3A-P15A mammary carcinomas in order to compare the potential of positron emitting analogs for measuring protein synthesis rates (PSR) in brain and tumors by positron emission tomography (PET). The total uptake of the 3H-Met by the brain was higher than those of two other amino acids. On the other hand, the incorporation rates into the APF in the brain and tumors were significantly faster with 14C-Leu compared to the others. Most of the 14C in the APF was identified in labeled proteins; however, considerable amounts of 3H were recovered in the lipid and RNA fractions, and 18F was also detected in the lipids. Among the positron emitting analogs of three amino acids, 11C-labeled Leu could be the most suitable for measuring PSR by PET. For all the amino acids, the total uptake and the APF both expressed as the % injected dose seemed slightly higher in the FM3A-P15A than in the FM3A-P0, although the differences did not reach statistical significance.
Animals↗
L-[2-18F]fluorophenylalanine and L-[U-14C]phenylalanine: a comparative study of their transport to rat brain.
The transport rates of L-[2-18F]fluorophenylalanine ([18F]Phe) and L-[U-14C]phenylalanine ([14C]Phe) across the blood-brain barrier were compared in saline, large neutral amino acids (NAA) and large basic amino acids (BAA) loaded rats. The fraction of transported tracer (FTT) was expressed as the ratio of brain radioactivity to integrated plasma radioactivity at 5 min after injection of the tracers. Cerebral FTTs of [18F]Phe and [14C]Phe in the control group were 0.042 and 0.045, respectively, and decreased to 0.016 and 0.019 in the NAA loaded group. The ratios of FTT of [18F]Phe and that of [14C]Phe were approx. 0.90, and did not differ among the three groups. These results indicate that the transport of [18F]Phe from the blood to the brain can be considered to be mediated by the NAA transport system and that its transport rate is almost the same as that of [14C]Phe.
Amino Acids↗
Comparative effects of neurotensin and neuromedin N on growth of human pancreatic cancer, MIA PaCa-2.
Neurotensin (NT), an important regulatory hormone of the gut, stimulates growth of the human pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2 in vitro. The purpose of our study was to compare the stimulatory effects of NT and neuromedin N (NMN), a structurally related hexapeptide, on the growth of MIA PaCa-2. In addition, the effects of NT on the growth of MIA PaCa-2 xenografts and normal GI tissues were assessed in athymic nude mice. MIA PaCa-2 cells, plated in serum-free media, were treated with either NT (10(-12)-10(-6) M) or NMN (10(-11)-10(-7) M) and cells were counted. For the in vivo study, MIA PaCa-2 cells were inoculated sc into 30 athymic nude mice and then randomized to two groups to receive either NT (600 micrograms kg-1, sc, tid) or vehicle. At sacrifice (day 35), the xenografted tumours, as well as normal host pancreas, jejunum and ileum were removed, weighed, and assayed for DNA, RNA and protein. Both NT and NMN stimulated the growth of MIA PaCa-2 cells in vitro with maximal (approximately 30%) increases occurring with dosages of 10(-9) M. In vivo, NT had a transient effect on xenografted MIA PaCa-2 tumour area with increases noted on days 21 and 25 of the study. Conversely, NT significantly stimulated the growth of jejunum and ileum, with a more pronounced effect noted in the jejunum. NT and NMN have similar growth-stimulatory effects on MIA PaCa-2 cells in vitro, which suggests an interaction through the same receptor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Development of new lipophilic derivatives of tetragastrin: physicochemical characteristics and intestinal absorption of acyl-tetragastrin derivatives in rats.
In order to improve the intestinal absorption of tetragastrin (TG), we synthesized lipophilic derivatives of TG by acylation of its N-terminal amino group with acetic acid, caproic acid, and lauric acid. The purified TG derivatives, acetyl-tetragastrin (Ac-TG), caproyl-tetragastrin (Cap-TG), and lauroyl-tetragastrin (Lau-TG), were confirmed to be more lipophilic than the parent TG by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The pharmacological activities and the intestinal absorption of TG and its derivatives were examined by measuring gastric acid secretion. Stimulation of gastric acid secretion by these derivatives after intravenous administration was stronger than with native TG. When the acetyl- and caproyl-derivatives were administered into the large intestinal loops, a marked increase in gastric acid secretion was observed in comparison with TG, while no significant effect occurred following administration of the TG derivatives into the small intestines. These results indicated that chemical modification of TG with fatty acids improves the absorption of TG from the large intestines.
Acetates↗
Effective purification of nonspecific cross-reacting antigens with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C.
Two molecular species of nonspecific cross-reacting antigens, NCA-90 and NCA-50 with mol. wts. of 90,000 and 50,000, respectively, were effectively extracted with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) from human lung tissues, followed by extraction with perchloric acid, immunoaffinity chromatography with anti-NCA adsorbent, and gel filtration on a TSK G3000SW column. The yields of NCA were about 2 times more than those obtained by the usual method without PI-PLC. Addition of 0.05 unit of PI-PLC to 1 g of lung tissue and incubation at 37 degrees C for 1 h with continuous shaking seem to be practically sufficient for NCA extraction. The immunochemical properties of the NCAs thus obtained were found to be identical to those of NCAs obtained by the ordinary method.
Antigens↗
Dynamics and participation of type II phospholipase A2 in rat zymosan-induced pleurisy.
Intrapleural injection of zymosan into rats induces acute inflammation characterized by plasma leakage and cellular influx. The level of type II phospholipase A2 (PLA2) increased in the pleural fluid as well as in exudating leukocytes after the injection of zymosan. Rather low PLA2 activity was found in cell lysates, though treatment of such lysates at low pH increased the PLA2 activity drastically. The appearance of "acid-extracted" PLA2 activity in leukocytes preceded that of the extracellular enzyme activity, suggesting that pleural leukocytes might be one of the origins of the extracellular enzyme. Treatment of exudating pleural leukocytes with purified rat type II PLA2 elicited the production of prostaglandin E2, but not platelet-activating factor appreciably. These findings indicate that type II PLA2 might play a role in the progression of inflammation through the production of eicosanoids in the present inflammation model.
Animals↗
Surgical treatment of a patient with spondylolytic spondylolisthesis associated with cerebral palsy. A case report.
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Adult↗
Long-term follow-up of EEG foci in childhood partial epilepsy.
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Adolescent↗
Evaluation of source generators in partial seizures: availability of neuroradiological images superimposed on the dipole tracing.
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Brain Damage, Chronic↗
The impact of autologous bone marrow transplantation on hematopoietic recovery after high-dose cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and cisplatin chemotherapy for patients with gynecological malignancies.
Twenty-six patients with gynecological malignancies (21 ovarian and 5 uterine malignant tumors) who were treated 42 times with high-dose cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and cisplatin (CAP) chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) were assessed for the impact of predictive parameters on hematopoietic recovery. An inverse correlation was observed between the number of infused nucleated marrow cells (NMC)/kg or colony-forming units of granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM)/kg and the leukopenic duration < 1 x 10(3)/microliters; the correlation coefficients were r = -0.54 and -0.49, respectively (p < 0.001). The recovery time of platelet count to achieve more than 5 x 10(4)/microliters without transfusion was inversely correlated with CFU-GM/kg (r = -0.33, p < 0.05) but not with NMC/kg. Neither the episodes of fever nor the number of chemotherapy courses performed on the patients influenced the hematopoietic recovery. The numbers of infused CFU-GM and NMC were useful parameters of leukopoietic recovery after ABMT and high-dose CAP chemotherapy.
Adult↗
Inhibition by omega-conotoxin GVIA of the chronotropic responses to sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve stimulation in the isolated, blood-perfused atrium of the dog.
1. We investigated the effects of omega-conotoxin GVIA (omega-CgTX), a blocker of N-type voltage-operated calcium channels, on the chronotropic response to stimulation of the intracardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves in the isolated, blood-perfused right atrium of the dog. 2. omega-CgTX (0.3-3 nmol) itself did not affect the sinus rate significantly, but it inhibited the negative followed by positive chronotropic response to simultaneous stimulation of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves in a dose-dependent manner. 3. omega-CgTX at higher doses (1-3 nmol) inhibited the positive response to sympathetic stimulation more strongly than the negative response to parasympathetic stimulation. omega-CgTX (3 nmol) abolished the positive chronotropic response to sympathetic nerve stimulation in the atrium treated with atropine, but did not abolish the negative response to selective parasympathetic stimulation. Neither the chronotropic response to noradrenaline nor the response to acetylcholine was affected by omega-CgTX. 4. These results indicate that omega-CgTX inhibits not only the response to sympathetic stimulation but also the response to parasympathetic stimulation in the dog heart and it inhibits the positive chronotropic response to sympathetic stimulation more strongly than the negative chronotropic response to parasympathetic stimulation.
Acetylcholine↗