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Biomedical subjects

M Mukai

Publications and source records attributed to M Mukai.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Four cases of parapelvic cyst].

Four cases of parapelvic cyst are reported, and 27 clinical cases reported in Japan are reviewed. Three of our four cases were male; two of the three cases were benign prostatic hypertrophy, and one was cholelithiasis. For routine urinary tract examination and for differential diagnosis, excretory urograms were made first. The excretory urograms suggested the presence of these parapelvic cysts. Computed tomography performed immediately, gave clear images of the parapelvic cyst in the kidney. The fourth case was a female patient preoperatively suspected as having a renal malignant tumor associated with hemorrhage, however, this case was postoperatively diagnosed as a parapelvic cyst of the kidney associated with hemorrhage in the cyst. Computed tomography should be considered as one of the most useful methods for the diagnosis of parapelvic cysts.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Primary leiomyosarcoma of bone. An immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study.

Primary leiomyosarcoma of bone is extremely rare. A 60-year-old woman had a mass in the right femur that was studied immunohistochemically and by electron microscopy. Human smooth-muscle actomyosin was detected in tumor cells, but human skeletal-muscle myoglobin and lysozyme (muramidase) were not. Electron microscopy of the tumor showed findings suggestive of a smooth-muscle origin, such as myofilaments, dense bodies, pinocytotic vesicles, and basement membrane. The results were diagnostic of leiomyosarcoma rather than rhabdomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, or malignant fibrous histiocytoma, which are similar neoplasms. We believe that ours is the first case of primary leiomyosarcoma of the bone proved by immunohistochemistry.

Actomyosin↗
PubMed1983

[Peri-focal administration of OK-432 combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of esophageal cancer].

We have been interested in direct activity of OK-432 on cancer lesion and applied a combined therapy of perifocal administration of OK-432 with radiation for 2 cases as a new trial. Following results were obtained. Histological efficacy as Ef3 at resected specimen was observed in one case and complete regression of cancer lesion was confirmed by X-ray, fiber scope and biopsy after combined therapy of perifocal administration of 10 KE of OK-432 with radiation of 2400 rad in total.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Pre-operative chemotherapy of stomach cancer combined with local administration of OK-432--evaluation of macroscopic results].

We have developed OMF treatment which is consisting of endoscopical injection of OK-432 into the perilesional area of cancer, intraarterial or intravenous injection of mitomycin C by one shot and oral administration of 5-FU, and applied it to the patients with preoperative gastric cancer to whom remarkable macroscopic effects were obtained. We determined its efficacy by establishing a response criteria. Although there were no excellent results, the clinical results were rated as good in 5 lesions (50%) and as fair in 5 lesions (50%) out of 10 lesions in 9 cases. In none of the cases, the treatment was ineffective.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Preoperative OMF therapy for gastric cancer--examination of macroscopical effect in comparison with histological effect].

OMF treatment consisting of perifocal administration of OK-432 associated with treatment with MMC and 5-FU was applied for 14 lesions of 13 cases including 1 case of multiple cancer. The results obtained were examined macroscopically and histologically. Macroscopic findings were rated as "good" in 5 lesions (35.8%), "fair" in 8 lesions (57.1%) and "poor" in 1 case. There was no significant difference according to a histologic type. Histologic efficacy was assessed as "++" for 6 lesions (43%), "+" for 6 lesions (43%) and "-" for 2 lesions (14%), suggesting a tendency that higher histologic efficacy be obtained for lesions with a lower degree of differentiation. Taking "+" or higher histologically as "effective", the efficacy rate was approximately 86%. When the macroscopic results were compared with histologic results based on a criteria for assessment established by our group, it was found that the macroscopic efficacy tended to be associated with the histologic efficacy with a consistency rate of approximately 71%.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Developmental changes in humoral suppressor activity released from concanavalin A-stimulated human lymphocytes on B cell differentiation.

Cell-free culture supernatants (Con A-activated supernatants) were obtained by incubating peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from cord blood, healthy children of various ages, and healthy adults with mitogenic doses of concanavalin A (Con A) for 48 hr. It is well known that human T lymphocytes are activated by Con A to manifest suppressor function in vitro. One mechanism whereby these suppressor cells act has been shown to be by the secretion of a soluble suppressor factor. The present study has investigated the Con A-inducible suppressor cell function in cord blood, children of various ages, and adults by comparing the ability of each Con A-activated supernatant to inhibit the generation of immunoglobulin-producing cells (Ig-PC) in pokeweed mitogen- (PWM) stimulated cultures of adult PBL. Con A-activated supernatants from adults could markedly suppress the generation of Ig-PC by allogeneic as well as autologous PBL in response to PWM. Such suppression appeared to be equally effective on the generation of IG-PC of 3 major classes, IgG, IgM, and IgA. On the contrary, Con A-activated supernatants from cord blood and newborn infants showed only a negligible suppression on PWM-induced adult B cell differentiation. But the suppressor activity found in Con A-activated supernatants gradually increased with advancing age, and reached approximately to the adult level at 4 yr of age or later. The results suggest that human T lymphocytes may be relatively deficient in their Con A-induced suppressor cell function in the early period of life.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

An experimental model of toxemia of pregnancy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

The use of an animal model in the study of human diseases has proven a valuable tool for medical science. The main syndromes in human toxemia of pregnancy are hypertension, edema, and proteinuria. Because of their hypertension, pregnant spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) can be considered to represent a type of toxemia of pregnancy according to the classification of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. As no edema and only a small amount of proteinuria were observed in SHR, we induced massive proteinuria and edema by injecting pregnant SHR with puromycin. After this treatment, proteinuria of 100-300 mg/dl was continually observed throughout their life span, with pregnancy and delivery occurring 2-4 times. From our findings we have attempted to produce a model of human toxemia of pregnancy.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Hypertensive effects on pregnancy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP).

We studied the hypertensive effects on mothers and newborns in Wister Kyoto rats (WKY), spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP). The average blood pressure of pregnant rats in WKY, SHR, and SHRSP was 100, 180, and 210 mmHg, respectively. The average adult female weight and weight gain during pregnancy were inversely proportional to the increase of hypertension. The rate of delivery, reproduction, litter size and their weight were lowest in the SHRSP.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Periodic ACTH discharge.

A 9 1/2-year-old girl is presented who had cyclical attacks of abdominal pain, vomiting, emotional disturbance, and marked weight change for two years. Associated findings were facial plethora, hypertension, transient hyperglycemia and glycosuria, elevated plasma ACTH, cortisol, and urinary 17-OHCS excretion, and low plasma osmolality with hyponatremia. Urinary excretion of catecholamines and porphyrin metabolites was not increased. Between episodes, she showed no abnormal clinical signs or laboratory data. The attacks were effectively suppressed with the administration of chlorpromazine. The disorder appears to be due to the periodic release of excessive ACTH; the cause remains unknown.

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction↗
PubMed1979

Variation in susceptibility of HeLa cell lines to coxsackievirus A9.

In the course of serial passages for several years a line of uncloned HeLa cells (A line) showed a gradual decrease in plaquing efficiency by coxsackievirus A9 (CA9 virus), while subcultures prepared from the same line kept frozen at an early passage level (A original line) did not show any change. However, it was observed later that the plaque-forming ability of the A original line (A orig. line) also decreased after serial passages as was observed with the A line. Comparing the characteristics of the same cell line at two different passage levels, it was found that the efficiency of adsorption of virus to cells was nearly the same, while virus yield at 8 hours after infection was different. The activity of alkaline phosphatase of cells was also different between these two passage levels, suggesting that a high enzymatic activity is associated with the susceptibility of cell cultures to CA9 virus. Magnesium chloride at 25 mM enhanced plaque formation by CA9 virus in highly passaged less susceptible cell cultures, and a possible role of the chemical as a stabilizer of alkaline phosphatase was discussed.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

Inhibitory effects of corticosterone on cell proliferation and steroidogenesis in the mouse adrenal tumor cell line Y-1.

Monolayer cultures of mouse adrenal tumor cell line Y-1 have been used to investigate the effects of glucocorticoid on cell replication, [3H]thymidine incorporation into the trichloroacetic acid-precipitated cell fraction, steroidogenesis, and the ACTH receptors of adrenocortical cells. Corticosterone at a concentration of 5.0--50 micrograms/ml inhibited cell replication and [3H]thymidine incorporation into trichloroacetic acid-precipitated cell fraction in a dose-related manner. Corticosterone at a concentration of 0.5--50 micrograms/ml inhibited ACTH-induced steroidogenesis in a dose-related manner. Steroids which do not possess glucocorticoid action did not show such inhibitory effects on cell replication and steroidogenesis of Y-1 cells. The characteristics of the ACTH receptors of these cells remained unaffected by corticosterone. Our findings suggest that synthesized or secreted glucocorticoid may play an important role in the direct regulation of proliferation and function of adrenocortical cells under physiological conditions.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗