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Biomedical subjects

M Moriyama

Publications and source records attributed to M Moriyama.

387 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Renal tubular function after reduction of environmental cadmium exposure: a ten-year follow-up.

A prospective follow-up study was carried out to assess the prognosis of renal tubular function after reduction of environmental cadmium exposure. Time-related changes in urinary beta 2-microglobulin and cadmium excretion were followed from 1979 to 1989 in 102 residents of a cadmium-polluted area in Nagasaki, Japan. The average dietary cadmium intake among the study population was more than 200 micrograms/d in 1969, which decreased to approximately half that amount in 1983 because cadmium-polluted paddy fields were replaced with new soil in 1981. The geometric mean urinary beta 2-microglobulin concentration for 28 subjects aged 40 y or older in 1979 increased from 1,135.8 micrograms/g creatinine in 1979 to 1,999.7 micrograms/g creatinine in 1989. A similar tendency was also observed in 16 subjects with urinary beta 2-microglobulin concentrations greater than 1,000 micrograms/g creatinine in 1979, although the statistical significance of the difference did not reach the 5% level, probably because of the small sample size. In 48 persons examined in 1982, 1986, and 1989, the geometric mean of urinary cadmium concentration decreased from 8.49 micrograms/g creatinine in 1982 to 6.03 micrograms/g creatinine in 1989. The tendency for increasing beta 2-microglobulin excretion observed in the present study could not be explained by aging alone. Thus, it was concluded that renal tubular dysfunction caused by environmental cadmium was irreversible and slowly progressive, even after reduction of exposure. Six of 8 subjects who had severe renal dysfunction and who were included in the study died before 1986 and could not be followed. The implication of loss of subjects because of death is also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrastructural localization of c-erbB-2 gene product in transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract.

The c-erbB-2 gene product was demonstrated immunoelectron microscopically in human transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary tract. Two antibodies specific for the c-erbB-2 gene product were used: a polyclonal antibody directed to the intracellular domain and a monoclonal antibody recognizing an epitope in the extracellular domain. The immunoreaction with the polyclonal antibody was observed on cell membranes and the cytoplasmic area beneath membranes with particularly strong reaction on microvilli. The immune reaction with the monoclonal antibody was confined to cell membranes with a linear pattern. Amorphous deposits in the intercellular spaces were also immunoreactive with the monoclonal antibody directed to an extracellular epitope, suggesting that a part of the c-erbB-2 gene product may be released from the cancer cell membranes into the extracellular space.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal: two cases treated with high dose rate 192Ir remote afterloading system (RALS).

We report two cases of early-stage external auditory canal cancer treated by intracavitary irradiation with a high dose rate (HDR) 192Ir remote afterloading system (RALS) for preoperative treatment. A 6-Fr catheter for the HDR 192Ir remote afterloader, fixed by a plastic earplug, was inserted into the external auditory canal in two cases (case 1, T2N0M0; case 2, T1N0M0). The total intracavitary radiation dosages were 50 Gy (10 Gy/2 Fr/wk for 5 wks) for case 1, and 42 Gy (15 Gy/5 Fr/wk for 3 wks) for case 2. No external irradiation was given in either case. Surgical resection was performed in both cases, three to four weeks after irradiation. Histopathological examination confirmed the post-irradiation changes of necrosis, hyalinosis, and calcification, although vivid cancer cells remained. In preoperative irradiation of external auditory cancer, this method, although limited to treating early-stage cancers, may be a modality of choice for its efficacy and less severe side effects.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A soundscape study: What kinds of sounds can elderly people affected by dementia recollect?

In this study, the kinds of sounds recollected by elderly people with dementia were investigated as a first step towards improving their sound environment. Onomatopoeias were presented to elderly people as keys to recollecting sounds, and they told what they imagined from each onomatopoeia. The results are summarized as follows. (1) Generally speaking, sounds from nature, such as the songs of birds and the sound of rain were recollected easily from onomatopoeias, regardless of gender. (2) Sounds of kitchen work were recollected by women only. (3) Sounds from old routines were recollected clearly. (4) Sounds that elicited feelings of nostalgia were also recollected intensely from onomatopoeias. These results show that elderly people suffering from dementia are able to recollect the sounds that had once occupied very important parts of their lives. However, these sounds in themselves are not unusual sounds in their daily lives. This suggests the importance of soundscape design in daily life.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of interleukin-2 and interferon-beta treatment on lymphocytes in various tumor-bearing mice.

Treatment with a combination of recombinant human interleukin-2 (rHIL-2) and recombinant mouse interferon-beta (rIFN-beta) had a significant antitumor effect against subcutaneous (s.c.) adenocarcinoma-755 and colon-38, but this combination performed no better than rHIL-2 alone against s.c. Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6 mice. Injecting a combination of rHIL-2 and rIFN-beta into mice with adenocarcinoma-755 or colon-38 tumors resulted in a marked increase in L3T4+, Lyt-2+ and asialo GM1+ cells in the peritoneal cavity. On the other hand, the treatment of mice with Lewis lung carcinoma with rHIL-2 and rIFN-beta produced almost no change of each subset in the peritoneal cavity compared to cytokine alone. Thus, sensitive tumors (adenocarcinoma-755 and colon-38) in combined treatment with rHIL-2 and rIFN-beta markedly increased L3T4+, Lyt-2+ and asialo GM1+ cells in the peritoneal cavity, but the insensitive tumor (Lewis lung carcinoma) did not.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Increased serum CA19-9 in patients with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis.

We present three cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) with an increased serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). All of the patients were elderly females and had gallstones lodged in the neck of the gallbladder. Preoperative serum CA19-9 levels were 709 U/ml, 87 U/ml, and 400 U/ml, respectively. A cholecystectomy with or without bile duct exploration was performed, and the histological diagnosis of XGC was made. Serum CA19-9 levels fell to normal levels in two patients who recovered uneventfully, but rose again in one patient who died of cholangitis. Clinicians must remember that XGC is a possible cause of increased serum CA19-9 levels.

Aged↗