Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Moriyama.
Fifty-five cases of carcinoma of the bladder in the age group under fifty years have been reviewed. Seventy three percent of their tumors were low grade and low stage transitional cell carcinoma. Mainly, TUR was performed on these patients and their five year relative survival rate was 97.6%. The recurrence rate after TUR was 16%.
The prognosis and other clinical manifestation of 128 patients with high grade bladder tumor were analyzed. Thirty two percent of the total cases of bladder cancer were high grade bladder cancer and 83% of their tumors were invasive tumor at stage T2 and worse. Urinary cytologies were positive in 88% of these patients. The 5-year survival rate in these patients was 32% and those in T1, T2 T3 and T4 cases were 64.2%, 55.6%, 22.7% and 8.0% respectively. The patients treated with radical (total) cystectomy showed a much better survival rate than the cases treated with TUR or partial cystectomy. These results suggest that high grade bladder cancers tend to be invasive and the patients with high grade bladder cancer would have a poorer prognosis than the patients with other histological grade tumors. Thus, these patients should be treated more aggressively including radical cystectomy than the other cases of bladder cancers.
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Primary neuroblastoma of the nasal cavity is very rare, and it is one of the most difficult tumor to differentiate from other small round cell tumors. The present case was proved to be olfactory neuroblastoma by histological, electron microscopical and histochemical findings. This is the first case in which biogenic amines were proven by glyoxylic acid-induced fluorescence in vitro. Discussions were made on the pathological differences with adrenal neuroblastoma.
In order to study effects of antianxiety drugs on the threshold of intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS), the auto-titration technique was used in the two lever Skinner box. This procedure consisted of conventional ICSS except the brain stimulation current intensity was decreased after every 20 lever press for ICSS, and the animal could press the another reset lever (at any time) to reset the stimulation current intensity to the preseted level. The current intensity at which the animal pressed the reset lever (reset current) was defined as the threshold of ICSS. Since reset currents that the animals showed were very stable during this experiment, the effects of chlordiazepoxide, diazepam and meprobamate were studied. The reset current was significantly lowered by 5.0 mg/kg chlordiazepoxide, p.o., at 1 hr after administration accompanied by the significant increase of ICSS, and the reset current was significantly lowered by 20.0 mg/kg of chlordiazepoxide. On the other hand, diazepam did not lower the reset current, although a significant increase of ICSS was observed at 1.0 mg/kg, p.o. The reset current was lowered by meprobamate at 100 mg/kg, p.o., accompanied by the increase of ICSS, and a significant increase of ICSS was observed at 200 mg/kg but not accompanied by lowered reset current. From these results, increased susceptibility to the brain stimulation current may be involved in the facilitating effects of chlordiazepoxide and meprobamate on ICSS.
Involvement of a central cholinergic mechanism in the central aversive operant behavior induced by dorsal central gray (DCG) stimulation was investigated in rats. Each animal was chronically implanted with bipolar electrodes at the DCG and was trained to press a lever to decrease the DCG-stimulation current. Physostigmine (0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg, i.p.) and arecholine (0.5-2.0 mg/kg, i.p.) produced an increase of DCG-stimulation threshold at 0.5-2 hr and 1-4 hr, respectively, after the administration. On the other hand, scopolamine (0.1-0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and atropine (5 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) caused a marked decrease of the threshold at 0.5-2 hr after. In addition, an increasing effect of physostigmine on the threshold was decreased by scopolamine. Physostigmine potentiated the increasing effect of chlorimipramine on the stimulation threshold, while scopolamine suppressed it. These results suggest that the operant behavior induced by DCG-stimulation may be related to not only the central serotonergic mechanism but also to the cholinergic mechanism.
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To differentiate pre-operatively between leiomyomata uteri and adenomyosis, we measured serum levels of an antigen (CA 125) common to most nonmucinous epithelial ovarian carcinoma in patients with benign uterine tumor (11 of leiomyomata uteri, 7 of adenomyosis and 1 of adenomyosis with leiomyomata uteri). CA 125 in serum samples pre and postoperatively were measured using an RIA Kit. The normal range of CA 125 levels was below 35U/ml. The mean CA 125 level (+/- S.D.) was 18.3 +/- 6.1U/ml in patients with leiomyomata uteri and 93.3 +/- 49.4U/ml in those with adenomyosis. Student's t-test showed a significant correlation (0.001 less than p less than 0.01). The mean CA 125 level in patients with adenomyosis was statistically higher than that in disease-free women. Among 7 patients with surgically demonstrable adenomyosis, the CA 125 values were over 35U/ml (87.5%). In all 11 patients with surgically demonstrable leiomyomata uteri, the CA 125 level was below 35U/ml. The CA 125 level in patients with adenomyosis gradually decreased postoperatively and in all was below 35U/ml up to one month postoperatively. Using this approach, leiomyomata uteri and adenomyosis can be differentiated, pre-operatively.
A 65-year-old man was admitted for dysuria. He had been irradiated 60Co for malignant lymphoma of tonsils 2 years earlier. The findings of palpation of prostate, retrograde urethrogram and urethroscopy strongly suggested benign prostatic hypertrophy. Retropubic prostatectomy was performed and 18 g of "adenoma" was resected. By histological observation, the "adenoma" proved to be malignant lymphoma. This tumor belonged to follicular lymphoma, medium-sized cell type of LSG non-Hodgkin's lymphoma classification. After the operation, he left our hospital for a personal reason and received systemic chemotherapy at another hospital.
To assess the value of mass-screening for uterine cervical cancer, we compared data obtained from a "model area" with findings obtained from the whole of Shimane Prefecture. The factors given attention were: Screening ratio, detection ratio and mortality directly related to cancer of the uterine cervix. These data were obtained from 1976-1980. The results are as follows: Screening ratio and mortality rates were 35.7% and 7.8% respectively, in the model area and 8.4% and 11.5% respectively, in Shimane Prefecture. Four years after setting up the "model area", the mortality rate for uterine cervical cancer reached zero. The ratio of cancer detection in the "model area" was 0.204%, that is about twice that in Shimane Prefecture. The ratios of detection of severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ and infiltrative carcinoma were higher in the "model area" than in Shimane Prefecture. Detection of severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ was significantly high in the "model area". Therefore, to reduce the mortality rate for cervical cancer, the CAI should be over 350.
Fifty-seven patients with low-grade and low-stage urinary bladder cancer were treated at our University Hospital between 1970 and 1980. The incidence of low grade and low stage cases was higher in the young group than in the older group, and in male than in female (p less than 0.05). Most of the patients were well-controlled by either TUR or other conservative therapies. The 5-year relative survival rate was 113%. The 5-year actual cumulative recurrence rate after TUR was 63%, whereas, the 5-year actual cumulative recurrence rate was only 35.4% in those who received intravesical instillation therapy and 25% in those who undergone RCH (Radio-Chemo-Hyperthermia) therapy. Five patients (9%) showed an increase of tumor grade from low to intermediate at the time of intravesical recurrence, but no patient showed a change from low to high grade.
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Rat uterine smooth muscle was preincubated in Ca-depleted modified Locke-Ringer solution to investigate the correlation between the 32Pi incorporation into phosphatidic acid induced by acetylcholine and the contractile response to acetylcholine induced by the addition of CaCl2 (Ca influx). The results showed that in rat uterine smooth muscle under these conditions phosphatidic acid does not act as a Ca ionophore or as a trigger for opening the Ca channel.