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Biomedical subjects

M Morimoto

Publications and source records attributed to M Morimoto.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Cardiopulmonary function after pulmonary lobectomy in patients with lung cancer.

The effects of pulmonary lobectomy on cardiopulmonary function were investigated in 9 patients with lung cancer. Hemodynamic studies at rest and during exercise were performed before and 4 to 6 months after the operation. Differences in hemodynamics between before and after operation were observed with respect to heart rate, pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance index, and stroke volume index. Heart rate, pulmonary arterial pressure, and pulmonary vascular resistance index were significantly increased after operation, whereas stroke volume index was significantly decreased. It is thought that cardiac index was preserved by the increase in heart rate despite a decrease in stroke volume index associated with the decreased pulmonary vascular bed after the operation. When driving pressure and cardiac index were studied after operation, the pressure at rest and during exercise was higher, and the pressure-flow curve increased more steeply, as compared with the preoperative values. These results suggest a significant deterioration in cardiopulmonary function after lobectomy. As the patient characteristics were heterogeneous (five lobectomies and four bilobectomies), and their findings are limited, additional studies may be necessary in the future.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Sympathetic innervation of the young canine heart using antero- and retrograde axonal tracer methods.

The present study was performed to determine the origin of cardiac sympathetic postganglionic fibers and to demonstrate their distribution in the heart. Young dogs were used in this study. Wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) was injected into various regions of the heart, and cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) and WGA-HRP were injected into the middle cervical ganglion or the stellate ganglion. In our retrograde axonal transport study, a large number of WGA-HRP-labeled cells were observed in the middle cervical and stellate ganglia bilaterally. Only a small number of the labeled cells were observed in the superior cervical ganglia bilaterally. In the anterograde axonal transport study, CTB and WGA-HRP labels showed terminal-like structures in the intrinsic ganglia located in the sinoatrial node, left atrium, and the origin of the ascending aorta. The labeled fibers were also observed around the coronary arteries.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Distribution of SP- and CGRP-immunoreactivity in the cat's larynx.

The distribution of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) immunoreactive (ir) fibres in the cat's larynx was investigated utilizing immunohistochemistry. Many SP- and CGRP-ir fibres with varicosities were found within and below the epithelium and along the basement membrane of the mucosa of all different regions except in the membranous portion of the vocal fold. In the subepithelium, some SP- and CGRP-ir nerve bundles and nerve fibres were recognized around the vessels and glands. In the mucosa, the pattern of distribution and the density of SR-ir fibres were similar to those of CGRP-ir fibres. These reactive fibres were denser in the supraglottic region than in the subglottic region. In the taste bud-like structures, only SP-ir fibres appeared, whereas in the motor endplates, CGRP-reaction was found exclusively. The present findings suggest that the regional distribution of SP- and CGRP-immunoreactivity might be related with sensory and autonomic innervation in the larynx.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Use of the recombinant chimera proteins, LacZ-Env and Gag-Env, for immunological studies on HIV-1 infection.

To use Env proteins as antigens for detection of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) antibodies, we attempted to overexpress the Env proteins in Escherichia coli. To study the epitopes in the Env proteins recognized by the sera of HIV carriers, various regions of the proviral DNA encoding the Env region were fused to the 3' end of the lacZ gene. The immunoblotting analysis of the LacZ-Env(512-611) and LacZ-Env(721-826) proteins with the 41 positive sera revealed that the former and the latter immunologically reacted with 100 and 78% of the sera, respectively. To avoid rare false-positive reactions due to the LacZ moiety of the fusion protein, we attempted to express the Env(512-611) alone or Gag-Env(512-611) under the control of bacteriophage T7 promoter. Although we could express only a low level of the Env(512-611) peptide in E. coli, we succeeded in producing large amounts of the Gag(121-406)-Env(512-611) and Gag(308-406)-Env(512-611) proteins as chimeric proteins. Both of these chimera proteins strongly reacted with the 41 positive sera. We purified these proteins and analyzed the immunological reactivity by dot blot with the 60 positive sera and the 84 normal sera. As little as 20 ng of the dotted proteins was enough for the reaction with the positive sera, whereas as much as 320 ng of them did not show false-positive reactions with the normal sera. We obtained highly purified Gag-Env proteins with highly specific seroreactivity, which should be useful for diagnosis and prognosis.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1993

[Non-radioisotopic reverse transcriptase assay using biotin-11-deoxyuridine-triphosphate and a primer-immobilized microtiter plate: application for detection and identification of isolated retroviruses from HIV-1-seropositive hemophiliac patients].

Non-radioisotopic reverse transcriptase assay (Non-RTA) was successfully applied for detection and identification of the retroviruses isolated from peripheral mononuclear cells from eight HIV-1-seropositive hemophiliac patients. Of 40 samples, 36 (90%) were consistent in detection between Non-RI and RI RTA. Four samples which showed RT activities slightly above the cutoff level of RI RTA were not detected by Non-RI RTA. Non-specific RT-inhibitors in the culture supernatant decreased the sensitivity of Non-RI RTA more significantly than that of RI RTA. It was demonstrated that higher concentrations (> 20%) of fetal calf serum in RPMI-1640 culture medium inhibited the hybridization of poly rA template with immobilized primer, resulting in reducing the sensitivity of Non-RI RTA. Then we identified the isolated retroviruses using specific RT-inhibiting (RTI) antibodies against HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 RTI antibody specifically inhibited RTs of isolated retroviruses and HIV-1 strain, LAV-1, but not HIV-2 and Rous-associated virus 2 (RVA-2) RT. Conversely, HIV-2 RTI antibody specifically inhibited HIV-2 RT, but not HIV-1 and RAV-2 RT. These findings agreed with previously reported results showing the type-specificity of HIV-1 and -2 RTI antibodies, and suggest the possibility that isolated retroviruses could be identified by these antibodies.

Biotin↗
PubMed1993

Stem cell factor induces outgrowth of c-kit-positive neurites and supports the survival of c-kit-positive neurons in dorsal root ganglia of mouse embryos.

The c-kit receptor tyrosine kinase is highly expressed by about 10% of the neurons in the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) of mouse embryos. We investigated the in vitro effect of stem cell factor (SCF), the ligand for c-kit receptor, on DRGs. Recombinant murine SCF (rmSCF) induced the outgrowth of c-kit-positive neurites from DRGs of normal (+/+) embryos. The effect of SCF was dose dependent and completely abolished by anti-c-kit ACK2 monoclonal antibody (mAb). Some neurites whose outgrowth was induced by nerve growth factor (NGF) were c-kit-positive, but anti-NGF mAb did not inhibit the rmSCF-induced neurite outgrowth. rmSCF did not induce neurite outgrowth from DRGs of W/W embryos that did not express c-kit receptors on the cell surface and of W42/W42 mutant embryos that expressed c-kit receptors without tyrosine kinase activity. rmSCF also had a trophic effect on c-kit-positive neurons in the culture of dissociated DRG cells. Most c-kit-positive neurons appeared to respond to NGF as well, and the SCF-responsive subpopulation represented about 10% of NGF-responsive neurons. rmSCF did not support the survival of DRG neurons from embryos of W/W and W42/W42 genotypes. These results suggest that the stimulus through the c-kit receptor tyrosine kinase has an important role in development of the peripheral nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Screening test of crude drug extract on anti-HIV activity].

The anti-HIV-1 effects of 204 crude drugs of common use in Japan were evaluated in vitro. As a result, 45 samples inhibited HIV-1-induced cytopathogenicity in MT-4 cells. In particular, the hot water extracts of Lithospermum erythrorhizon (root) and Prunella vulgaris (spike) showed the strongest anti-HIV-1 activities. Their IC100 values were both 16 micrograms/ml. In general, the hot water extracts of the crude drug suppressed the replication of HIV-1 growth more strongly than the cold water extracts.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1993

Flow characteristics of hepatic tumors at color Doppler sonography: correlation with arteriographic findings.

OBJECTIVE: We studied benign and malignant hepatic tumors with color Doppler sonography and arteriography in order to correlate color Doppler flow characteristics with tumor hemodynamics (vascularity, arteriovenous shunting, and portal vein involvement) shown by arteriography. We also evaluated the usefulness of color Doppler flow characteristics in discriminating between tumor types. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We performed color Doppler sonography and hepatic arteriography in 58 patients with 72 hepatic lesions larger than 2.0 cm in diameter. Differences in pulsatile flow (peritumoral or intratumoral) and the highest systolic peak flow velocities reached were evaluated on color Doppler sonograms and compared with arteriographic findings. RESULTS: Color flow sonograms were obtained in 43 of 45 hepatocellular carcinomas, 15 of 16 cholangiocellular carcinomas or hepatic metastases, and six of 11 hemangiomas. Mixed peritumoral and intratumoral pulsatile flow was shown by arteriography in highly vascular tumors. The mean peak systolic flow velocity seen in hepatocellular carcinomas (0.52 m/sec) significantly exceeded the velocity seen in hemangiomas (0.16 m/sec), but not the velocity seen in other malignant hepatic tumors (0.51 m/sec). Six hepatocellular carcinomas, one cholangiocellular carcinoma, and two hepatic metastases with peak systolic flow velocities greater than 0.80 m/sec were each proved arteriographically to have arteriovenous shunting or portal vein involvement. CONCLUSION: Color Doppler sonography was useful for evaluating hepatic tumor hemodynamics as seen at arteriography, and peak systolic velocity may be useful in differentiating malignant hepatic tumors from hemangiomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new dimeric mitomycin derivatives; 7-N,7'-N'-bis(omega-thioalkyl)dimitomycins.

The reaction between mitomycin A (1) and cysteamine afforded 7-N,7'-N'-bis(2-thioethyl)dimitomycin C (7), 7-N-[2-[(2-aminoethyl)dithio]ethyl]mitomycin C (8), and 7-methoxy mitosenes (10, 11). The structures of 7 and 8 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopy and reactions between 1 and 8, and 1 and cystamine. The observation of the time course for the reaction revealed the mechanism of the formation of 7 and 8. The rapid oxidation of cysteamine by the quinone of 1 gave cystamine, which was trapped by 1 to give 8, and 8 was additionally reacted with 1 to give 7. Since 7 showed significant antitumor activities, related 7-N,7'-N'-bis(omega-thioalkyl)dimitomycins were synthesized. They also showed remarkable antitumor activities against HeLa-S3 in vitro, sarcoma 180 (sc-ip), leukemia P388 (ip-ip) in vivo. In these evaluations, compound 7 demonstrated unique potency.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Onset of RSD and causalgia].

This study examined the time of onset of RSD and causalgia after injury. Many forms of treatment were tried to relieve the complex and debilitating symptoms in 36 subjects. Burning pain occurred in less than a month in 77.8% of patients.

Causalgia↗
PubMed1993

[A case of right phrenic nerve paralysis as a complication of internal jugular vein cannulation by anterior approach].

We report a case of right phrenic nerve paralysis caused accidentally by compression after internal carotid artery puncture. Postoperatively she received respiratory management and conservative treatment after extubation. Cases of phrenic nerve paralysis following cardiac surgery have been reported, but paralysis as a complication of internal jugular vein cannulation by anterior approach is rare.

Accidents↗
PubMed1993

Deficient differentiation of mast cells in the skin of mi/mi mice. Usefulness of in situ hybridization for evaluation of mast cell phenotype.

The staining property of skin mast cells changed from Alcian blue+/berberine sulfate- to Alcian blue+/berberine sulfate+ in the skin of normal (+/+) and Wv/Wv mice. In contrast, this change did not occur in the skin of mi/mi mice. Heparin content and histamine content per a mi/mi skin mast cell were estimated to be 34% and 18% those of a +/+ skin mast cell, respectively. The low heparin content of mi/mi skin mast cells seemed to be consistent with the Alcian blue+/berberine sulfate- staining property. Expression of genes encoding mast cell-specific proteolytic enzymes was examined by Northern blotting and in situ hybridization. Messenger RNA of mast cell carboxypeptidase A was expressed most of all by +/+, Wv/Wv, and mi/mi skin mast cells, but mRNA of mouse mast cell protease (MMCP)-6 was expressed by approximately a half of +/+ and Wv/Wv skin mast cells and by only 3% of mi/mi skin mast cells. A significant amount of MMCP-2 mRNA was not expressed in the skin of all +/+, Wv/Wv and mi/mi mice. This shows the presence of at least three phenotypes in skin mast cells of mice: berberine sulfate+/MMCP-6+, berberine sulfate+/MMCP-6-, and berberine sulfate-/MMCP-6-. The in situ hybridization of mRNA of mast cell-specific proteolytic enzymes seemed to be useful to describe abnormalities of mast cell differentiation in the skin of mi/mi mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Photochemical cleavage of DNA by phosphorus(V) porphyrin derivatives.

Photocleavages of double-stranded circular DNA and oligonucleotide were investigated by the use of phosphorus(V)tetraphenylporphyrin (P(V)TPP) derivatives. The P(V)TPP derivatives cleaved the DNA and the oligonucleotide under the visible light irradiation, in air and in argon, respectively. It is suggested that the photocleavage reactions include an electron transfer mechanism as well as a singlet oxygen (1O2) one.

Bacteriophage phi X 174↗
PubMed1993

Chest imaging with dual-energy subtraction digital tomosynthesis.

Dual-energy subtraction digital tomosynthesis with pulsed X-ray and rapid kV switching was used to examine calcifications in pulmonary lesions. The digital tomosynthesis system used included a conventional fluororadiographic TV unit with linear tomographic capabilities, a high resolution video camera, and an image processing unit. Low-voltage, high-voltage, and soft tissue subtracted or bone subtracted tomograms of any desired layer height were reconstructed from the image data acquired during a single tomographic swing. Calcifications, as well as their characteristics and distribution in pulmonary lesions, were clearly shown. The images also permitted discrimination of calcifications from dense fibrotic lesions. This technique was effective in demonstrating calcifications together with a solitary mass or disseminated nodules.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[Treatment of hemifacial spasm with botulinum toxin].

We injected botulinum toxin to treat hemifacial spasm, and investigated the effects and the patient's impression of this treatment. Average duration of improvement lasted about 3.5 months in both the initial treatment group and the recurrent group. However the patients in the recurrent group received fewer units of botulinum toxin than those in the initial treatment group. Except for local paralysis that disappeared within a month, there were very few complications. Most patient were satisfied with this treatment. We conclude that the treatment of hemifacial spasm with botulinum toxin is both simple and useful.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Predictive factors for in-hospital mortality and delayed mortality following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage].

It is important to detect predictive factors for in-hospital and delayed mortality of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to ruptured aneurysm. Forty-eight patients with initial bleeding of aneurysmal SAH were referred to our hospital from January 1982 to December 1985. In-hospital mortality was 16.7% (8 to 48), and 15% (6) of forty patients died later during the follow-up period. Using the Kaplan-Meier method we were able to conclude that, cumulatively, there was 70.8% probability that much patients would survive for 10 years. We analysed predictive factors of in-hospital and delayed mortality retrospectively. The most significant predictive factor for in-hospital mortality was SAH grading on admission, and for delayed mortality (29.2%) age on admission was the best predictive factor. In fact, two patients died with cardiac event during the follow-up period. This result suggests that, although the SAH grading on admission was the second most significant factor for delayed mortality, patients who survived in the acute phase had a survival probability similar to those in a normal control group.

Adult↗