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Biomedical subjects

M Morimatsu

Publications and source records attributed to M Morimatsu.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Analysis of cerebellar functions in spinocerebellar degeneration using positron emission tomography (PET)].

We quantitatively evaluated the cerebellar functions of 23 patients with spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) and 10 normal controls using positron emission tomography (PET). Statistical analysis was performed using the Student's test. Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) and regional cerebral metabolic rate (CMR) of the cerebellar hemisphere and cerebellar vermis were significantly lower in patients with SCD than in normal subjects (p less than 0.001). However, no significant difference between the both groups was seen in the CBFs and the CMRs of the occipital cortex and frontal cortex. Even in the patients with SCD who had not apparent cerebellar atrophy on CT, their CBFs and CMRs of the cerebellum were significantly low, and with advance of cerebellar atrophy, they tended to fall. In the patients with SCD, the fall of CMR was more prominent than that of CBF. Neither CBF, nor CMR of the cerebellum showed correlation to the duration of the illness. The present investigation suggested that PETs were valuable for the early diagnosis and the research on the pathogenesis of SCD.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Diffuse type of senile plaques in the brains of Alzheimer-type dementia.

We studied the nature of diffuse type of senile plaques (SP) in the brains of six autopsied subjects with Alzheimer-type dementia (ATD). The densities of SP in the entorhinal cortex were evaluated using serial sections stained by four different methods. Compared with beta protein immunostaining (100% as a reference), the modified Bielschowsky stain (103%) and the periodic acid-methenamine silver (PAM) stain (109%) labeled similar numbers of SP, whereas the Bodian stain labeled only a minor proportion (42%) of these. The vast majority of Bodian-negative plaques were diffuse plaques, which were seen as ill-defined areas of fine fibrillar material after beta protein immunostain with formic acid pretreatment, modified Bielschowsky stain, and PAM stain. They were not stained by Congo red or periodic acid-Schiff stains. Double staining using Bodian and beta protein methods demonstrated that diffuse plaques were free of swollen neurites. Argyrophilia of the diffuse plaques shown by the modified Bielschowsky and PAM stains, became undetectable when sections were pretreated with formic acid. Such treatment made the diffuse plaques immunoreactive to beta protein antiserum, suggesting that diffuse plaques consisted mainly of amyloid, but not neuritic components. The diffuse plaques were distributed in various cortical areas and in the amygdala, and comprised a considerable population of the SP in the ATD brains.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

A variety of cerebral amyloid deposits in the brains of the Alzheimer-type dementia demonstrated by beta protein immunostaining.

We studied cerebral amyloid deposits in the hippocampal area immunohistochemically, using antiserum to synthetic beta peptide (1-28) in 66 patients with or without dementia and aged 17 to 91 years old. Senile plaques (SP) and amyloid angiopathy (AA) were detected in 36 (55%) and 19 (29%) patients, respectively. Also, cerebral amyloid deposits from the brains of seven patients with dementia and five patients without were studied in serial sections stained with Bodian, modified Bielschowsky, Congo red, and beta protein immunostain. In the patients with Alzheimer-type dementia (ATD) diffuse plaques, typical of this group, were stained with beta protein antiserum but not with Bodian stain, because the plaques were devoid of abnormally swollen neuritic processes. The diffuse plaques often contained one or more neuronal cell bodies. As well as primitive and classic plaques and AA, the beta protein immunostain demonstrated small deposits among the SP, small stellate deposits of layer 1, subpial fibrillar deposits, and focal cribriform deposits of parasubiculum, which may be new types of amyloid deposits. Amyloid plaques within the subcortical white matter were only found in ATD brains. In the non-demented patients various kinds of SP, including diffuse and compact ones, were immunostained. They tended to be small and few. beta protein immunostain with formic acid pretreatment is a useful method for the identification of a variety of senile cerebral amyloid deposits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Cornelia de Lange syndrome associated with Wilms' tumour and infantile haemangioendothelioma of the liver: report of two autopsy cases.

Two cases of Cornelia de Lange syndrome associated with infantile haemangioendothelioma of the liver and Wilms' tumour are reported. The patients showed the characteristic facies of the Cornelia de Lange syndrome, with synophrys, long curly eyelashes and small upturned nose, and physical features, including generalized hirsutism, monodactyly, syndactyly and clinodactyly. Post-mortem examination revealed annular pancreas, patency of the foramen ovale, duodenal atresia and evidence of cytomegalic infection. The cases are reported to document a possible association between malformations and neoplasms in this syndrome.

De Lange Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Spontaneous regression of primary malignant intracranial lymphoma.

A rare case of intracranial multiple tumor, which disappeared spontaneously on serial cranial computed tomography (CT) scans, is described. The initial CT scan showed multiple, well-enhanced lesions in the right frontal and parietal lobes. The lesions disappeared spontaneously without any treatment during the 2 following months of observation. One month later, however, a newly formed tumor was found on serial CT-scanning. Surgical intervention confirmed the histologic diagnosis of a non-Hodgkin's, large, and diffuse-type malignant lymphoma. The possible mechanism of temporal disappearance of tumors on CT scanning is discussed.

Brain↗
PubMed1988

Cardiac hamartoma. A case report.

A case of cardiac hamartoma, incidentally found at autopsy is described. The tumor was a protruded polypoid lesion located at the apex of the heart and was demarcated from the pericardial tissue. Microscopically this tumor was composed of dense collagenous tissue, mature adiposed tissue and proliferated blood vessels, intermingled with cardiac muscle cells, the latter being hypertrophic and disarrayed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy without familial occurrence: carrier detection by the radioimmunoassay of variant transthyretin.

A 47 year old woman with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) is reported, without familial occurrence of the disease. Her 81 year old mother and 53 year old sister were proved to be asymptomatic carriers for variant transthyretin (TTR) by means of the radioimmunoassay. It is suggested that unknown factor(s) may play a role in preventing or delaying the onset of the disease, producing variations in sex and family incidence. In order to establish the diagnosis of non-hereditary primary amyloidotic polyneuropathy, it must be confirmed that variant TTR is absent in the serum of relatives.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1987

Pseudolymphoma of the stomach. A clinicopathologic study of 15 cases.

Fifteen cases of gastric pseudolymphoma (GPL) were studied and classified into three subtypes: The nodular type, which is elevated, representing a submucosal tumor. Histologically, the tumor is composed of lymphoid hyperplasia with no associated ulcer. The lesion is well demarcated with no sinusoidal structure. Those findings indicate a nonreactive state. The ulcerative type, which usually is accompanied by deep ulceration with extensive fibrosis. The erosive type, which is infiltrated by extensive lymphoid hyperplasia in the propria mucosa and submucosa. The latter two types represent the reactive state in response to chronic gastric ulcer or inflammation. One of four ulcerative GPLs, however, was associated with focal malignant lymphoma which accounted for one of the fifteen GPL studied. Although there is a low incidence of malignant lymphoma among GPL patients, pseudolymphoma should be considered as a precursor lesion with malignant potential.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the stomach.

A rare case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the stomach in a 70-year-old man is reported. The protruded mass with central depression resembled a submucosal tumor, located on the posterior wall of a part of the cardia, fornix, and upper corpus. Histologically, submucosal ectopic glands composed of columnar cells, mucus-producing cells that closely resemble gastric epithelium, and ciliated epithelium were observed. The tumor consisted of an admixture of cuboidal, columnar cells, mucus-producing cells, singled or pseudostratified ciliated epithelium, and squamous metaplastic cells. The tumor cells were intimately continuous with the submucosal ectopic glands. Gradual transition between tumor cells and epithelium of submucosal ectopic glands was recognized. It is supposed that mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the stomach in this case derived from preexisting submucosal ectopic mucous glands of the stomach.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising from a preexisting cyst of the liver.

A case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the liver of a 46-year-old female is described. The resected mass from the left lobe of the liver measured 3 X 3 X 2 cm. The cut surface showed a well demarcated white, round shape, and a cystic formation measuring 1.8 X 1.4 cm was present in the center of the mass. Microscopically, the mass showed high-grade-type mucoepidermoid carcinoma, which consisted of squamous cells, mucus-producing cells, and glandular cells. The cystic wall was lined with apparently benign glandular, mucus-producing cells, squamous metaplastic cells, and tumor cells. The tumor was intimately contiguous with the cyst and gradual transition between tumor cells and cystic lining cells was recognized. It is suggested that the mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the liver in the present case was derived from malignant transformation of a preexisting cyst of the liver.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles are penetrated by astroglial processes and appear eosinophilic in their final stages.

Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles (ANT) in the hippocampal area were studied immunohistochemically using antisera against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100 protein in 48 patients with or without dementia between 52 and 92 years old. In 27 of the 38 brains that developed ANT in the hippocampal area, some ANT were immunostained with these antisera. Flame-shaped or globose-shaped immunostains were occasionally continuous with astroglial cell bodies and processes. They appeared particularly in the entorhinal cortex, subiculum and CA1. The ANT, immunostained with GFAP and S-100 antisera, apparently correspond to slightly eosinophilic tangles in H&E sections and to less argentophilic tangles in silver-impregnated sections in all of the 27 brains. ANT of another 11 brains were consistently negative with these antisera. The GFAP-positive eosinophilic tangles were encountered in the brains of older patients (P less than 0.01) and with more abundant formation of ANT (P less than 0.001). This alteration was present in all of the 20 brains with more than 100 ANT per section and none of the eight brains with less than 10 ANT. These findings suggest that in the last stages, ANT are penetrated by eosinophilic processes of astrocytes, and appear eosinophilic, and that the presence of GFAP-positive eosinophilic tangles indicates the abundant formation of ANT.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Long term survival case of small (oat) cell carcinoma of the rectum.

A long term survival case of small (oat) cell carcinoma of the rectum in a 39-year-old female is presented. She complained of anal pain and occasional anal bleeding. The tumor was located at the anterior wall in the lower rectum. Biopsy specimens revealed a carcinoid tumor. She underwent trans-anal local resection for the first time in December, 1980. Macroscopic findings of the resected specimen showed a small nodule, 0.4 by 0.4 by 0.5 cm, with yellowish cut-surface. Microscopically, the tumor deeply invaded the submucosal layer. The appearances were indistinguishable from pulmonary small (oat) cell carcinoma. Since lymphatic permeations were moderately recognized in the tumor, she underwent radical operation (Miles' operation) with lymphadenectomy. Microscopic findings of the resected rectum revealed an intramural metastatic lesion with marked lymphatic permeations in the submucosal layer 2 cm distant from the primary lesion. Up to date, there is no evidence of local recurrence or liver metastasis. Small (oat) cell carcinoma of the rectum easily metastasizes lymphogenously through the lymph system from an early stage of the development. Wide surgical resection will be needed to give a long term survival even if the tumor is extremely small.

Adult↗