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Biomedical subjects

M Morillon

Publications and source records attributed to M Morillon.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Malaria in French Guiana: between tradition and modernism].

Guyana is the only department of France in which malaria is a public health problem. The fact that 4,000 new cases including 80% due to Plasmodium falciparum and less than 5 deaths are reported each year shows that the disease is under control but has not been eradicated despite the quantity and quality of the resources that have been implemented. This region of 91,000 km2 with approximately 140,000 inhabitants can be roughly divided into 3 zones. Along the coastline where most of the population lives, malaria is uncommon. In the most remote scarcely populated areas of upper and middle Maroni and upper Oyapock, malaria is stable, perennial and well controlled. In low Maroni and low Oyapock, the impact of malaria is compounded by the high turnover of the population. There is a heavy and poorly controlled movement of migrant people on the two rivers that constitute the natural borders with Brazil and Surinam. Under these conditions strict measures cannot be implemented and malaria remains a problem in Guyana.

Emigration and Immigration↗
PubMed1996

[Malaria in Vietnam in 1996: brief synthesis of epidemiological data].

Vietnam is in a tropical region where malaria is considered as a public health problem. Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for 72% of cases of malaria and Plasmodium vivax for 28%. Analysis of available data shows that the situation is complex. The overall incidence of malaria is low, i.e. approximately 8.5: 1000 in 1995 but the disease is unevenly distributed over the country which has a variety of terrain and climates. Hilly and mountainous areas are the most affected especially in the center of the country where the annual incidence can exceed 10%. In most provinces, the majority of people are not immunized and malaria is unstable. Emergence of chemoresistant parasites is a major problem. Resistance rates of Plasmodium falciparum ranges from 40.78% to 61.67% for chloroquine and from 25.80% to 47.40% for sulfamides. Locally produced artemisinin derivatives are being more and more widely used in order to cope with this problem local. Given the great epidemiological variability of malaria in Vietnam, careful analysis needed before attempting any type of group and individual prophylaxis.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1996

[Leptospirosis: a cause of pseudo-malarial fever in Gabon].

A first case of leptospirosis has been recently described in Gabon where bioclimatological characteristics could favour the transmission of that disease. Therefore, a search for antibodies to leptospirae was conducted among 55 military Frenchmen with unexplained fever during a four-month stay in Gabon. Three (5.5%) were positive with IgM levels attesting for recent contamination. A screening antigenic battery identified L. bataviae in two cases and L. sejroe in one case. The three patients were employed outside in the precedent weeks. Travelers are exposed to leptospirosis in numerous Third-World countries. Clinical and biological similarities between leptospirosis and P. falciparum malaria could induce misdiagnosis. Co-infection could also be encountered. Doxycycline, whose activity against P. falciparum is well known, is also effective against leptospirae. Therefore, this drug seems valuable for prophylactic and therapeutic actions in areas exposed to the both diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Pathogenic approach of thrombopenia in dengue and its hemorrhagic complications].

Dengue is a frequent viral infection in the intertropical countries. The frequency and the severe forms of this infection are a real problem of public health. The haemorrhagic forms of the disease are constantly associated with thrombocytopenia. Its pathophysiology is still unclear. Among the different hypothesis, immune mechanisms play the main role. The authors discussed here the responsibility of the binding of immune complexes and the role of cytokines.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1994

Two-year study of endemic enteric pathogens associated with acute diarrhea in New Caledonia.

A longitudinal study of diarrheal disease among patients of all ages with acute diarrhea was carried out in New Caledonia from January 1990 to December 1991. Stool samples from 2,088 diarrheal patients were examined for parasites, rotavirus, and bacterial pathogens. Potential sources of contamination (drinking water, seawater and bovine and porcine feces) were investigated. One or more enteric pathogens were identified in 41.8 and 40.6% of the persons with diarrhea, in 1990 and 1991, respectively. Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., HEp-2 cell adherent Escherichia coli (diffuse adherent and enteroaggregative), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (EPEC adherence factor-positive strains belonging to classical serotypes), localized adherent E. coli (non-EPEC), and enterotoxigenic E. coli were the frequently identified enteropathogenic bacteria. Other major enteropathogens were Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia. Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringens, Yersinia enterocolitica, and rotavirus were isolated from only a few patients. No Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., Plesiomonas spp., Shiga-like-toxin-producing E. coli, enterohemorrhagic E. coli, or enteroinvasive E. coli were identified. Shiga-like toxin I-producing E. coli were present in adult bovines and calves, and heat-stable enterotoxin II-producing enterotoxigenic E. coli were found in pigs.

Acute Disease↗