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Biomedical subjects

M Morikawa

Publications and source records attributed to M Morikawa.

337 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardiac allografts in rat recipients with simultaneous use of anti-ICAM-1 and anti-LFA-1 monoclonal antibodies leads to accelerated graft loss.

Cardiac allografts from Fisher rats underwent acute rejection in Wistar King Aptekman/Hokkaido (WKAH) recipient rats. ICAM-1 molecule was induced in grafted myocytes and interstitial cells during the rejection. LFA-1 (+) inflammatory cells heavily infiltrated into rejected allografts. Monoclonal antibodies to rat ICAM-1 or LFA-1 were administered intravenously to WKAH rats receiving Fisher cardiac allografts for 3-7 consecutive days after transplantation. Anti-LFA-1 treatment for 7 consecutive days prolonged allograft survival, and two of these obtained a long-term survival. While 2 out of 13 allografts survived more than 100 days in the anti-ICAM-1-treated groups, anti-ICAM-1 treatment did not affect allograft survival in the other recipients. Surprisingly, simultaneous use of both anti-ICAM-1 and anti-LFA-1 antibodies resulted in accelerated graft loss with interstitial edema, diffuse myocardial degeneration, vascular injury and scattered hemorrhage. Thus, beneficial effects on allograft survival were partially seen when recipients were given anti-ICAM-1 or anti-LFA-1 antibody alone. However, serious disadvantage in preventing rejection was clearly seen when both anti-ICAM-1 and anti-LFA-1 antibodies were used together.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Osteochondroma of the cervical spine. MR findings.

We report two cases of osteochondroma in the region of the cervical spine. The magnetic resonance (MR) images well demonstrated the relationship of the tumor, the spinal cord, and adjacent soft tissue, but correct diagnosis by MR imaging was difficult in one patient due to unusual gadolinium enhancement. Computed tomography played an important role in these patients by demonstrating the exact origin and nature of the tumor.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The changing role of civilian surgeons in conflicts: a meta-analysis of epidemiological data.

Surgical activities in recent conflicts were reviewed based on the published epidemiological data. Ten articles on seven conflicts were identified and reviewed. The surgical activities in these articles were classified into three categories based on their activities: type 1, civilian border camp surgical activities; type 2, military hospitals in military deployment; type 3, civilian hospitals in former Yugoslavia or Palestine camp (most recent conflicts). Comparison of injuries in ratios of head-to-extremities, and critical part-to-extremities, among these three different types of surgical activity showed that type 3 hospitals had a statistically higher number of critical part injuries compared to the other two types of hospital. Type 3 hospitals represent the most recent endemic, regional and indiscriminate killing experiences. The high rates of critical part trauma in studies of recent conflicts show the increasing importance of trauma management skills by civilian surgeons in recent conflicts. Exchange of information among civilian surgeons serving in these difficult and dangerous conditions should be encouraged.

Asia, Southeastern↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of thyroid hemochromatosis.

We present the magnetic resonance (MR) images of exogenous hemochromatosis in the thyroid gland. On both T1-weighted images and T2-weighted images the thyroid showed low intensity similar to that of the background. Magnetic resonance is of value in imaging the tissue deposition of iron. In assessing thyroid iron accumulation, MR is superior to CT because CT can not differentiate iron deposition from normal iodine concentration.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complications associated with transcatheter arterial embolization for hepatic tumors.

Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is widely used in the treatment of hepatic tumors. A total of 2,300 TAE procedures were performed with a 2-15-mL injection of a mixture or suspension of anticancer drugs and iodized oil, followed by administration of gelatin sponge particles. One or two chemotherapeutic drugs, including doxorubicin hydrochloride (10-30 mg), epirubicin hydrochloride (10-30 mg), mitomycin C (10-20 mg), and cisplatin (25-100 mg), were used for each procedure. Complications were encountered in 4.4% of cases (n = 102) and were related to the use of chemoembolic agents or the manipulation of a catheter or guide wire. These complications included acute hepatic failure (n = 6), liver infarction (n = 4) or abscess (n = 5), intrahepatic biloma (n = 20), multiple intrahepatic aneurysms (n = 6), cholecystitis (n = 7), splenic infarction (n = 2), gastrointestinal mucosal lesions (n = 5), pulmonary embolism or infarction (n = 4), tumor rupture (n = 1), variceal bleeding (n = 3), and iatrogenic dissection (n = 35) or perforation (n = 4) of the celiac artery and its branches. Knowledge of these complications is important for correct diagnosis and appropriate management.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytologic study of the tissue repair cells of the uterine cervix. With special reference to their origin.

In order to characterize tissue repair cells (TR) of the uterine cervix and clarify their origin, exfoliated cells obtained after laser conization for early cervical lesions were examined. One specimen was first examined by Papanicolaou staining and then examined for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and vimentin by immunocytochemical staining, using a restaining method. The other specimen was observed by phosphotungstic acid-hematoxylin (PTAH) staining. Morphologic findings on TR were investigated together with the histologic findings on the wound healing process. TR were classified morphologically into three groups: stromal (STR), epithelial (ETR) and of unknown origin (UTR). Validity of this classification was confirmed by the findings of immunocytochemical staining with EMA and vimentin. These cells appeared one to eight weeks after laser conization. TR with relatively large nuclei, or atypical TR (ATR), appeared when each type of TR was most plentiful, at two to five weeks. Regarding the origins of each TR, cytologic and histologic findings could be considered to offer evidence that ETR originated with hyperplasia of immature cells of the squamous epithelium or reserve cells below the columnar epithelium. The presence of myofibrils in cytoplasm, demonstrated by PTAH staining for STR and some UTR, strongly suggested the possibility that these cells were myofibroblasts in granulation tissue.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of moderate hyperkalemia on the sinus node. Evaluation in anesthetized dogs.

From clinical experience that sinus node dysfunction was observed on the day of hemodialysis and that the arrhythmias were corrected immediately after initiation of hemodialytic therapy, the effect of moderate hyperkalemia on sinus node function was experimentally evaluated. When the serum potassium level was elevated to 5.78 +/- 0.96 mEq/L, sinus node recovery time evaluated by the overdrive suppression test was significantly prolonged (p less than 0.05). Atrial refractory periods also increased (p less than 0.01 or p less than 0.02). Atrial repetitive response was observed in some dogs after the induction of moderate hyperkalemia by premature stimuli. Although the study was performed in anesthetized dogs, moderate hyperkalemia might depress sinus node function in awake humans.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of 2,3-dibenzylbutane-1,4-diol on vascular smooth muscle of rabbit aorta.

We investigated the effects of 2,3-dibenzylbutane-1,4-diol (DBB), a mammalian lignan derived from human urine, on the contractile response and the 45Ca2+ uptake in the vascular smooth muscle of rabbit aorta. In resting state, DBB did not influence the tension and the 45Ca2+ uptake. DBB inhibited the high KCl- and the CaCl2-induced contraction in the partially depolarized muscle strip. DBB inhibited the noradrenaline- and the angiotensin II-induced contraction, but not the transient contraction evoked by noradrenaline in Ca2+-free solution. DBB completely inhibited the 45Ca2+ uptake induced by high KCl or noradrenaline. These results indicate that DBB inhibits the Ca2+ influx but not the Ca2+ release from the Ca2+ stores.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spinal epidural venous plexus: its MR enhancement patterns and their clinical significance.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the clinical utility of enhancement of the spinal epidural venous plexus (SEVP) on postcontrast MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The SEVP on pre- and postcontrast T1-weighted sagittal and axial MR images were evaluated in 188 patients whose MR findings were abnormal (positive group), in 223 patients with normal MR (negative group), and in 35 volunteers. The enhancement patterns of the SEVP were graded 1 to 4 according to their degree of dilation. These three groups were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: Epidural and intradural lesions in the positive group showed higher grades of epidural vein enhancement compared with the negative group (p = 0.01). Epidural abscesses and epidural metastases frequently showed moderate to marked dilatation of the SEVP. Degenerative disk disease with stenosis of the spinal canal exhibited more localized patterns of dilation. Most intradural lesions with cord swelling demonstrated dilation of the SEVP. Visualization of the SEVP did not differ statistically between bone and soft tissue lesions in the positive group and the negative group (p = 0.13). Evaluation of follow-up examinations showed that changes in SEVP grades were indicative of changes in disease. CONCLUSION: SEVP enhancement patterns assist in the evaluation of disease in the spinal canal and will help to differentiate normal from pathological conditions.

Abscess↗