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Biomedical subjects

M Morgan

Publications and source records attributed to M Morgan.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Stable gene amplification and overexpression of sodium- and potassium-activated ATPase in HeLa cells.

Cell lines stably resistant to ouabain were isolated from an unstably resistant HeLa line after growth in nonselective medium. Stable resistant lines bound ouabain at levels 10-fold higher than did HeLa cells and at similar levels to those bound by the unstable C+ line previously described (J. F. Ash, R. M. Fineman, T. Kalka, M. Morgan, and B. Wire, J. Cell Biol. 99: 971-983). Expression and synthesis of the Na+, K+ -ATPase alpha chain showed a similar amplification over that for HeLa cells by Western blots and [35S]methionine pulse-labeling. In addition, a glycoprotein labeled with [3H]fucose and comigrating with the Na+, K+ -ATPase beta chain was eight- to ninefold amplified in stably resistant lines. Dot blots with a cDNA clone specific for Na+, K+ -ATPase alpha chain gene sequences confirmed the amplification of this gene. Karyotyping suggested that the amplification is associated with an expanded, abnormal banded region on the long (q) arm of one chromosome 17.

Drug Resistance↗
PubMed1986

Pancoast's syndrome associated with invasive aspergillosis.

The combination of lower brachial plexus root pain in the shoulder and arm and of ipsilateral Horner's syndrome was described by Pancoast in 1932 and is usually caused by a malignant tumour at the apex of the lung. We describe a case in which the syndrome occurred in an immunosuppressed patient and was due to invasive fungal infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Beliefs related to cigarette smoking among Irish college students.

Beliefs related to cigarette smoking were investigated in a college student sample. Regular smokers, compared with nonsmokers and occasional smokers, perceived more approval for their smoking and believed that their peers smoked more frequently. They perceived positive social and physiological consequences of smoking (e.g., feel more relaxed) to be more likely, and negative consequences (e.g., feel sick) to be less likely. While they did not see long-term health consequences (e.g., increasing chances of cancer) as less likely, they evaluated them less negatively. Finally, smokers placed less importance on the value health than did nonsmokers or occasional smokers. These findings suggest that intervention programs aimed at discouraging smoking by young people should be multifaceted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The relative potencies of thiopentone and propofol.

The relative potencies of the intravenous anaesthetics propofol and thiopentone have been investigated by finding the dose necessary to produce unconsciousness in approximately 30%, 50% and 80% of patients. The estimated potency of propofol to thiopentone was 1:1.604 as obtained by the probit method of analysis which estimates the logarithm of the relative potency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Autoantibodies in vitiligo. Clinical significance].

The occurrence of circulating autoantibodies was determined by indirect immunofluorescence in patients with vitiligo. In addition we determined the existence of anti-melanocytic antibodies by an immunofluorescence complement fixation technique, immunoglobulins in achromic and perilesional skin, complement (C3 and C4) and immunoglobulins in serum by immunoelectrophoresis. The results only indicate that a significant occurrence of circulating autoantibodies exists, especially antithyroid autoantibodies, which, moreover, are related to the vitiligos which affect important areas of the cutaneous surface (generalized vitiligo).

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1985

Passive exposure to tobacco smoke: saliva cotinine concentrations in a representative population sample of non-smoking schoolchildren.

Saliva cotinine concentrations in 569 non-smoking schoolchildren were strongly related to the smoking habits of their parents. When neither parent smoked the mean concentration was 0.44 ng/ml, rising to 3.38 ng/ml when both parents were cigarette smokers. Mothers' smoking had a stronger influence than did fathers' (p less than 0.01). In addition, there was a small independent effect of number of siblings who smoked (p less than 0.01). The dose of nicotine received from fathers' smoking was estimated as equivalent to the active smoking of 30 cigarettes a year, that from mothers' smoking as equivalent to smoking 50 cigarettes a year, and that from both parents smoking as equivalent to smoking 80 cigarettes a year. This unsolicited burden may be prolonged throughout childhood and poses a definite risk to health.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Mediation of anion transport in oocytes of Xenopus laevis by biosynthetically inserted band 3 protein from mouse spleen erythroid cells.

mRNA from the spleens of anemic mice was purified by oligo(dT)-cellulose chromatography and fractionated by density gradient centrifugation. After injection into oocytes of Xenopus laevis, two of the four fractions obtained led, after 16 h of incubation at 20 degrees C, to the expression of mouse band 3 protein, as demonstrated by immunoprecipitation with polyclonal antibodies against mouse band 3. Flux measurements showed an approximately 2- to 4-fold increment of 36Cl- uptake, which could be abolished by two different stilbene disulfonates, specific inhibitors of band 3-mediated anion transport in red blood cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The personal characteristics and life-style of the young drinker: the results of a survey of British adolescents.

It is argued that studying the drinking patterns of adolescents can add much to our understanding of alcohol use. The present paper hypothesises that heavy drinkers will be experiencing more stress than light, moderate or non-drinkers and that consequently, they will perceive themselves as doing worse in school and will report more conflict with their parents. It is predicted that heavy drinkers will have failed to learn norms controlling alcohol use. It is anticipated that social norms are learnt through controlled drinking in a family setting and thus it is predicted that heavy drinkers will be less likely to drink with their parents and more likely to drink with their peers, than other groups of drinkers. It is argued that heavy drinkers will be more involved in peer group activities and less concerned about their health, than light, moderate or non-drinkers. These hypotheses were tested in a survey of 10 579 British adolescents (5068 boys), and support was found for all but one of these hypothesis (i.e., the hypothesis that heavy drinkers would be less likely to drink with their parents than light or moderate drinkers).

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of infusions of propofol and methohexitone to provide light general anaesthesia during surgery with regional blockade.

General anaesthesia was induced with, and maintained by, an infusion of either propofol or methohexitone, in patients undergoing surgery with the aid of regional blockade. Both agents provided satisfactory and controllable anaesthesia. Complications were few with a similar incidence for the two drugs. Recovery from anaesthesia was significantly faster following propofol.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Althesin.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Alfaxalone Alfadolone Mixture↗
PubMed1985

The haemodynamic effects of intravenous induction. Comparison of the effects of thiopentone and propofol.

The haemodynamic changes following induction of anaesthesia with equipotent doses of propofol and thiopentone have been compared. Propofol caused a significant fall in arterial blood pressure and total peripheral resistance, with a slight fall in cardiac output. There were no changes in heart rate. Apart from an initial, but statistically insignificant increase in heart rate, similar changes were produced by thiopentone, but to a lesser degree. It is concluded that induction of anaesthesia with propofol results in acceptable haemodynamic changes, but that the agent is more depressant to the cardiovascular system than thiopentone.

Anesthesia, Intravenous↗
PubMed1985

Epidural diamorphine and the metabolic response to upper abdominal surgery.

The effect of the administration of diamorphine 10 mg epidurally on the metabolic response to cholecystectomy was investigated and compared with a control group of patients given intravenous papaveretum. There were no significant differences in blood glucose, lactate and pyruvate, and plasma nonesterified fatty acid values between the epidural diamorphine group and the control group. Plasma cortisol concentrations were significantly lower in the epidural diamorphine group postoperatively and this was associated with a marked improvement in pain relief. We conclude that epidural opiates do not directly influence the metabolic response to surgery, but decrease the cortisol response postoperatively secondary to improved analgesia.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1985

Cytochemical, immunological and ANAE-isoenzyme studies in acute myelomonocytic leukaemia: a study of 39 cases.

This study reports the cytochemical, electrophoretic and immunological characteristics of blasts cells from 39 cases of acute myelomonocytic leukaemia (M4). The results indicate considerable cytochemical heterogeneity, particularly with respect to esterase (alpha naphthyl acetate and chloroacetate) activities and suggest that an increased serum lysozyme concentration is a more consistent feature. Investigations with a range of monoclonal antibodies also revealed some differences in expression of monocyte-associated determinants although it is considered that immunological assessments are more consistent than cytochemistry in the detection of monocytic blast cell components. Analysis of ANAE isoenzymes by isoelectric focusing was found to be of particular value in cases where interpretation of ANAE cytochemistry was difficult.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Exposure to human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus and immunologic abnormalities in asymptomatic homosexual men.

Immunologic and serologic studies were done in 120 homosexual men who reportedly had no symptoms related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Forty-nine men (41%) had antibody to the retrovirus human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV), and 37 (31%) had an abnormal T-cell subset ratio and other immunologic abnormalities. These abnormalities were almost exclusively confined to men seropositive for the retrovirus. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that exposure to HTLV-III/LAV was the single best predictor of T-cell (and other) immunologic abnormalities. Sexual practice, particularly receptive anal intercourse, predicted exposure to HTLV-III/LAV but was not independently related to T-cell abnormalities. The association of other microbial serologic findings with HTLV-III/LAV seropositivity or T-cell changes was a coincidental function of sexual activity. Immunologic abnormalities in asymptomatic homosexual men are mostly related to exposure to HTLV-III/LAV.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1985

The morphology of carbon disulfide neurotoxicity.

The morphology of carbon disulfide induced peripheral neuropathy was studied in rats exposed to three concentrations of carbon disulfide by inhalation for 90 days. Rats exposed to 800 ppm developed neurofilamentous axonal swellings in the distal portions of long fibers, including the dorsal ascending sensory and corticospinal tracts of the spinal cord. In peripheral nerve the predominant effect was seen at the level of the posterior tibial nerve. Teased fiber preparations of the muscular branch of the posterior tibial nerve showed numerous paranodal and internodal swellings as well as Wallerian degeneration. Ultrastructurally the swellings were characterized by neurofilament accumulations, decreased numbers of microtubules and thin myelin. Other features included segregation of axoplasmic organelles and cytoskeletal components, intrusion of Schwann cell processes into the axoplasm, Schwann cells with increased cytoplasmic contents, and Schwann cell proliferation around many swollen and demyelinated axons. These features draw important parallels between the morphology of carbon disulfide neuropathy and the neurofilamentous neuropathies induced by hexacarbons and beta,beta' iminodipropionitrile (IDPN).

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The use of transcutaneous clonidine hydrochloride in the patient with diabetes mellitus and mild hypertension.

The effectiveness and safety of transdermally administered clonidine hydrochloride was assessed in 16 patients with type-II diabetes mellitus. This group of patients was chosen because of the frequent occurrence of hypertension in diabetic patients and potential problems with transdermal absorption of medication because of small vessel disease. A skin patch containing clonidine hydrochloride (Catapres TTS) was applied at weekly intervals after an appropriate placebo lead-in period. Satisfactory response to therapy was seen in 15 of the 16 patients. One patient developed a generalized skin rash and was withdrawn from the study. Correlation between change in diastolic blood pressure and plasma clonidine levels was noted. Of note was the absence of the usual side effects (drowsiness, dry mouth, etc.) seen with oral clonidine administration. This study thus highlights the success of transdermal clonidine therapy in controlling blood pressure in the mild hypertensive patient with diabetes mellitus.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Some studies on the properties of the intravenous anaesthetic, propofol ('Diprivan')--a review.

Four studies have been carried out on propofol in this department, one being part of a multicentre trial. The minimum induction dose in unpremedicated patients was found to be 2.5 mg/kg. Propofol has been shown to be an acceptable induction agent, although with an incidence of pain on injection which is much higher when small veins are used. When given by continuous infusion to supplement regional anaesthesia, recovery was much more rapid than with methohexitone. The potency of propofol to thiopentone has been shown to be 1:1.604. Slight falls in cardiac output occurred following propofol 2.5 mg/kg, with significant reductions in mean arterial blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance. These changes were greater than those following an equipotent dose of thiopentone 4 mg/kg.

Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗