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Biomedical subjects

M Morell

Publications and source records attributed to M Morell.

107 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of bax and p53 proteins in the tumorigenesis and progression of breast carcinomas.

OBJECTIVES: Dysregulation of normal programmed cell death mechanisms plays an important role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of bax and p53 expression in tumorigenesis and progression of breast carcinoma as well as their relationship with proliferative and apoptotic activity. METHODS: We used immunohistochemical methods and in situ detection of apoptotic cells to examine 30 carcinomas in situ (CIS), 131 invasive breast carcinomas and 45 lymph node metastases. RESULTS: In 25% (33 of 131) of invasive breast carcinomas examined, bax expression was absent, while p53 accumulation was present in 37% (49 of 131). Interestingly, p53 accumulation and loss of bax expression occur in breast CIS as frequently as in invasive breast carcinoma. Thus, in 17% (5 of 30) of CIS bax expression was absent, and 30% (9 of 30) presented nuclear expression of p53. p53 accumulation was related to apoptosis and proliferative activity. However, the protein level of bax was unrelated to all parameters studied, including proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells. A multivariate analysis of disease-free survival demonstrated that p53 accumulation and bax expression are not significant independent indicators of prognosis in operable breast carcinoma. Our results also show that the proportion of bax- and p53-positive cells does not vary between primary and metastatic tumors. CONCLUSIONS: p53 accumulation and loss of bax expression influence the acquisition of a malignant phenotype but seem to have no further impact on tumor progression.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Usefulness of PSA density and PSA excess in the differential diagnosis between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hypertrophy.

The usefulness of PSA density (PSAD) was evaluated in relation to the volume of the transitional zone (PSAT) and PSA excess. With this purpose we conducted a study including 27 patients diagnosed as having prostatic cancer (PC) and 46 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). In all of them, the PSA concentration in the serum was determined as well as the total prostatic volume and the transitional zone volume; digital rectal examination (DRE) was also performed. The major diagnostic efficacy was obtained with the excess of PSA (73%, cutoff = -13 ng/ml), followed by DRE (68%), PSAT (64%, cutoff = 0.5), PSAD (64%, cutoff = 0.2), and lastly PSA and ultrasonography (60%). Multivariate analysis (logistic regression) demonstrated PSA excess and DRE to be the best predictors. The model obtained by regression shows the best positive predictive value, and PSA excess the best negative predictive value. Consequently, PSA excess could be relevant in prostate cancer diagnosis.

Confidence Intervals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of experimental renal insufficiency on the osmotic pressure and the biochemical composition of perilymph.

The biochemical effects of experimental renal insufficiency produced by bilateral nephrectomy on perilymph were studied. Rats were used for the experiments; measurements were carried out at various intervals after nephrectomy. Statistically significant changes in perilymph (osmolality, Na, K, Cl, and urea), and serum (osmolality, urea and creatinine) were found. These findings represent a marked labyrinth alteration, and may partly explain the pathophysiology of labyrinthine disturbances in chronic renal disease.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in hyper- and hypothyroid rats during sodium depletion.

A study was made of the responses of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) produced in hyper- and hypothyroid rats maintained in a state of sodium depletion, as part of a wider study to effect a comparison with results previously obtained for the same parameters in rats maintained on a normal sodium diet and during experimental alterations of thyroid function. In hyperthyroid rats maintained on sodium deficient and normal sodium diet, and in euthyroid animals on a sodium deficient regimen, elevations of both plasma renin concentration (PRC) and serum aldosterone concentration (AC) were observed, while the plasma renin substrate (PRS) was decreased. In hypothyroid rats with normal sodium intake, PRC and AC were observed to be decreased relative to similar sodium-deficient animals. Relationships were observed between PRC and AC, and between AC and urinary sodium excretion. These results suggest that: i) Sodium depletion is a more effective stimulus than the thyroid hormones on the RAAS. ii) Aldosterone changes in sodium depletion are mediated by the RAS. iii) Sodium depletion appeared to induce a decrease in the hepatic synthesis of angiotensinogen.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of thyroid hormone deficiency in DNA contents in different areas of adult rat brain.

We have studied DNA concentrations in various regions of the adult rat brain in prolonged hypothyroidism of different origin. In both normal and hypothyroid rats hypophysis, cerebellum and hypothalamus contained the highest concentrations of DNA. Hypothyroidism produced a slight decrease in DNA content but this effect varied according to the different regions. These variations were due to changes in their maturation period, a critical and specific target for thyroid hormone action after birth.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Levels of L-T3 in maternal and foetal compartments following experimental modifications of the maternal thyroid state in rats.

In pregnant female rats, concentrations of tri-iodo-L-thyronine in maternal serum, amniotic fluid and placental tissue after 15, 18 and 20 days of gestation were measured by homologous radioimmune-analysis. The three experimental groups of pregnant rats were: 1) euthyroid (or control), 2) hypothyroid, provoked by iodine-deficient diet for two months before conception and during gestation, 3) hyperthyroid, provoked by subcutaneous injections of L-thyroxine during gestation. Maternal serum L-T3 was measured in order to check the thyroid state. Significant decreases in L-T3 concentrations were found at all stages of gestation in the amniotic fluid of hypothyroid group. The hormonal concentrations in the placental tissues were correlated with the different treatments (decreased in hypothyroid state and increased in hyperthyroid state). This could suggest that the transfer of maternal iodothyronines to the foetus influences its foetal thyroid development.

Amniotic Fluid↗
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Year one dental visit.

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Child, Preschool↗
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[Effect of a new hypoglycemic drug on the blood sugar in rats].

A sesquiterpenic lactone has been isolated from an extract of Artemisia cannariensis Lee by Clark's method and column chromatography. The hypoglycemic effects of the drug have been assayed in rats, as compared to different doses of insulin and a known sulphonylures drug. The subatance, which has been identified as vulgarine by professor Gonzalez, has highly significant hypoglycemic effects when administered orally or intravenously in relation to glycemia curves of rats previously injected with saline.

Administration, Oral↗