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Biomedical subjects

M Monteil

Publications and source records attributed to M Monteil.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Clearance of infection in cats naturally infected with feline coronaviruses is associated with an anti-S glycoprotein antibody response.

We have investigated by Western blotting the antibody responses against the three major structural proteins in cats naturally infected with feline coronaviruses that cleared virus infection (group I), established chronic asymptomatic infection (group II) or were sick (group III). The cats of group I developed an anti-S glycoprotein response that was, relative to the anti-M glycoprotein response, at least 30-fold higher than that of chronically infected cats from groups II and III. These results suggest that the anti-S glycoprotein response against antigenic domains revealed by Western blot is associated with clearance of the virus after natural infection, and is not a risk factor for the establishment of a chronic infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Disomy rates for chromosomes 14 and 21 studied by fluorescent in-situ hybridization in spermatozoa from three men over 60 years of age.

In order to further investigate the paternal-age effect on meiotic non-disjunction rates for the chromosomes 14 and 21, we examined spermatozoa from three men aged > 60, using multicolour fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH). More than 10,000 sperm cells were analysed for each of the three subjects (A, B and C), by simultaneously hybridizing two YAC probes specific for chromosomes 14 and 21 respectively using two-colour FISH. The results show that the disomy 21 rates observed in the spermatozoa of two out of the three men aged > 60 years were higher (1.02 and 1.17% respectively) than the rates observed in eight control adults aged < 30 years (mean frequency 0.48%) analysed under similar conditions. These results suggest that there may be a small effect of age on male non-disjunction rates for chromosome 21. However, before any firm conclusions could be drawn, a much bigger sample of older men would have to be compared with a paired control population using the same FISH experimental approach.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Effort-induced macroscopic hematuria revealing segmental and congenital absence of inferior vena cava].

Absence of inferior vena cava (IVC) is an uncommon congenital abnormality with few clinical repercussions. We report the case of a 39 year old man with chronic pelvic pain, in whom a macroscopic hematuria episode occurring during exercise led to the discovery of an echographic pelvic venous stasis syndrome. Abdominal and pelvic computed tomography scanning then magnetic resonance imaging of inferior vena cava revealed absence of the postrenal segment of IVC with azygos continuation and considerable collateral venous derivations, leading to pelvic cavernoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Efficacy of replication-defective adenovirus-vectored vaccines: protection following intramuscular injection is linked to promoter efficiency in muscle representative cells.

To investigate the respective role of transduced cells in the induction of immune response following intramuscular inoculation of adenovirus-based vaccines, we generated several replication-defective adenoviruses expressing the glycoprotein D gene of pseudorabies virus under the control of four different promoters: major late promoter of adenovirus type 2, human cytomegalovirus immediate-early promoter/enhancer (CMV), Rous sarcoma virus-long terminal repeat promoter, and human desmin gene 5' regulatory region (DES). All the adenovirus constructs were able to fully protect mice, in the contrary of direct DNA inoculation of plasmids harboring the same transcription units. The far most effective adenovirus constructs, on the criterion of protective doses and specific antibody response induction, were those in which the foreign gene was driven by the DES or CMV promoter. Wide variations in promoter strength in vitro were evidenced in several cell culture types representative of putative target cells following muscular inoculation (myoblasts, myotubes, fibroblasts, macrophages, and endothelial cells). The level of efficacy in vivo, was not correlated with the level of expression in vitro in myotubes, but paralleled the level of expression in endothelial cells and in myoblasts. Together with previously published data, these results suggest that, following adenovirus injection, locally produced cytokines may induce myoblasts to act as local antigen presenting cells.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1997

Meiotic behaviour of sex chromosomes investigated by three-colour FISH on 35,142 sperm nuclei from two 47,XYY males.

Meiotic segregation of sex chromosomes from two fertile 47,XYY men was analysed by a three-colour fluorescence in situ hybridisation procedure. This method allows the identification of hyperhaploidies (spermatozoa with 24 chromosomes) and diploidies (spermatozoa with 46 chromosomes), and their meiotic origin (meiosis I or II). Alpha-satellite probes specific for chromosomes X, Y and 1 were observed simultaneously in 35,142 sperm nuclei. For both 47,XYY men (24,315 sperm nuclei analysed from one male and 10,827 from the other one) the sex ratio differs from the expected 1:1 ratio (P < 0.001). The rates of disomic Y, diploid YY and diploid XY spermatozoa were increased for both 47,XYY men compared with control sperm (142,050 sperm nuclei analysed from five control men), whereas the rates of hyperhaploidy XY, disomy X and disomy 1 were not significantly different from those of control sperm. These results support the hypothesis that the extra Y chromosome is lost before meiosis with a proliferative advantage of the resulting 46,XY germ cells. Our observations also suggest that a few primary spermatocytes with two Y chromosomes are able to progress through meiosis and to produce Y-bearing sperm cells. A theoretical pairing of the three gonosomes in primary spermatocytes with an extra sex chromosome, compatible with active spermatogenesis, is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Study of the delivery of the gD gene of pseudorabies virus to one-day-old piglets by adenovirus or plasmid DNA as ways to by-pass the inhibition of immune response by colostral antibodies.

In the present study, it was shown that piglets with maternal antibodies, which had been primed with a replication-defective adenovirus that expresses the pseudorabies virus (PRV) glycoprotein gD and boosted with the Bartha vaccine strain at 10 weeks of age are equally protected clinically upon a challenge as piglets without maternal antibodies vaccinated with the same approach or with the Bartha vaccine strain alone. Priming with a plasmid that expresses gD was less efficient.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1997

Effective priming of neonates born to immune dams against the immunogenic pseudorabies virus glycoprotein gD by replication-incompetent adenovirus-mediated gene transfer at birth.

One of the main limitations of the vaccination of neonates from vaccinated or infected mothers is the interference by inherited maternal antibodies, which are known to inhibit the immune response against both live and inactivated vaccines. The efficiency of bypassing this inhibition by the transfer of an immunogenic glycoprotein gene, the gD gene of pseudorabies virus (PRV), into neonates was explored. The experiments were conducted in 1-day-old piglets, which are immunocompetent at birth. The same transcription unit (gD of PRV under the control of the adenovirus major late promoter) was delivered intramuscularly at birth either in the form of naked DNA or cloned in the genome of a replication-defective adenovirus. A booster injection of a conventional live PRV vaccine strain was given at 10 weeks of age, the replication of which was greatly restricted by the residual amounts of colostral antibodies in control animals. Piglets were challenged at the age of 16 weeks with a virulent PRV strain. The replication-defective adenovirus was able to efficiently prime piglets born to immune dams against gD in such a way that inoculation with the Bartha strain protected them against a subsequent challenge with the same level of efficacy in piglets born to naive or immune dams. In contrast, piglets born to immune dams into which the gD gene was not transferred, or transferred as naked DNA at birth, were not protected. These results open the way for early immunization of neonates born to vaccinated or infected mothers.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1997

Increased aneuploid frequency in spermatozoa from a Hodgkin's disease patient after chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

The frequency of sperm aneuploidy was investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in a Hodgkin's disease patient shortly after he had received chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Sperm karyotyping of the same patient had previously shown multiple structural abnormalities in most spermatozoa immediately after radiotherapy (day 0), whereas most spermatozoa collected 5 wk later (day 38) exhibited normal metaphase divisions (Rousseaux et al., 1993). Variations in the frequency of aneuploidy could not be detected by sperm karyotyping. Multicolor FISH on interphase spermatozoa revealed an increase in the rate of disomy for chromosomes 1, 6, 11, X, and Y at day 0 as well as at day 38. The high frequency of 24,XY (nondisjunction at meiosis I) and 24,XX (nondisjunction at meiosis II) spermatozoa (8.46% and 1.64% at day 0, respectively) from the Hodgkin's disease patient suggests that both meiosis I and II are affected and that the X chromosome is frequently involved in such malsegregation events. The rate of 46,XY diploidy was also increased in the patient's sperm, up to 0.62% at day 0. While radiotherapy probably affected the postmeiotic cells (spermatids), the patient's cancer and/or chemotherapy are the two major factors that could have affected the dividing spermatogonia and/or spermatocytes, resulting in high aneuploidy rates.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1996

Increased incidence of hyperhaploid 24,XY spermatozoa detected by three-colour FISH in a 46,XY/47,XXY male.

Meiotic segregation of gonosomes from a 46,XY/47,XXY male was analysed by a three-colour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) procedure. This method allows the identification of hyperhaploid spermatozoa (with 24 chromosomes), diploid spermatozoa (with 46 chromosomes) and their meiotic origin (meiosis I or II). Alpha satellite DNA probes specific for chromosomes X, Y and 1 were observed on 27,097 sperm nuclei. The proportions of X- and Y-bearing sperm were estimated to 52.78% and 43.88%, respectively. Disomy (24,XX, 24,YY, 24,X or Y,+1) and diploidy (46,XX, 46,YY, 46,XY) frequencies were close to those obtained from control sperm, whereas the frequency of hyperhaploid 24,XY spermatozoa (2.09%) was significantly increased compared with controls (0.36%). These results support the hypothesis that a few 47,XXY germ cells would be able to complete meiosis and to produce mature spermatozoa.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Molecular diagnosis of t(11;14) in mantle cell lymphoma using two-colour interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization.

t(11;14) is observed in up to 70% of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) cases and is therefore an important diagnostic element. In routine practice, detection of t(11;14) by conventional cytogenetic techniques is hindered by the low yield and quality of tumour metaphases. Molecular techniques (Southern blot, PCR) are unable to detect a large number of 11q13 breakpoints due to scattering over distances up to 1 Mb. Using 23 MCL patients with karyotypically determined t(11;14) and eight negative controls, we have devised a two-colour interphase FISH assay for detection of the 14q + chromosome. We chose an 11q13 probe telomeric to the major 11q13 translocation cluster sites and an IGH probe centromeric of the 14q32 breakpoints. This method detected the translocation in all 23 t(11;14) positive patients, with an overall average of 60% nuclei showing colocalized signals. Widespread application of this technique will constitute an important diagnostic aid in clinical management of MCL patients. Since FISH is a convenient method for retrospective analysis of large numbers of patient specimens, this method should contribute to an accurate estimation of t(11;14) frequency in MCL and other chronic B-cell malignancies and consequently to their better nosological characterization.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11↗
PubMed1996

Genetic immunization of seronegative one-day-old piglets against pseudorabies induces neutralizing antibodies but not protection and is ineffective in piglets from immune dams.

Immune response inhibition by maternal antibodies is a major impediment to the vaccination of the young born to immune dams. This study explored the efficiency of genetic immunization of the neonates at bypassing this inhibition, by testing the muscular inoculation of the gD glycoprotein gene of pseudorabies virus (PRV) in piglets. Plasmid DNA (400 micrograms) was inoculated in four groups of one-day-old piglets, from sows vaccinated or not against PRV. Half of the groups received a booster injection on day 42. All piglets were challenged on day 115. Only piglets from non-immune sows and which received a booster injection developed a medium level of neutralizing antibodies, but they were not significantly protected against the challenge. Piglets from immune sows neither developed an antibody response nor were primed against PRV, as demonstrated by the antibodies kinetics after challenge. It can therefore be concluded that genetic immunization was inefficient at efficiently preventing the immune response inhibition by colostral antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Sperm nuclei analysis of a Robertsonian t(14q21q) carrier, by FISH, using three plasmids and two YAC probes.

The meiotic segregation of chromosomes 14 and 21 was analysed in 1116 spermatozoa from an oligoasthenospermic carrier of a Robertsonian translocation t(14q21q), and in 16,392 spermatozoa from a control donor, using two-colour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). Two YAC probes (cloned in yeast artificial chromosomes) specific for regions on the long arms of these chromosomes were co-hybridised. Of the spermatozoa, 12% were unbalanced, resulting from adjacent segregations. Chromosomes X, Y and 1 were also simultaneously detected in 1335 spermatozoa from the same carrier. Whereas gonosomal disomy rates were not significantly different from those of the control donors, disomy 1 were slightly but significantly increased to 0.7%. The diploidy rate was also slightly increased to approximately 1% in the translocation carrier.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Meiotic segregation of the X and Y chromosomes and chromosome 1 analyzed by three-color FISH in human interphase spermatozoa.

Meiotic segregation of the X and Y chromosomes and chromosome 1 was analyzed by three-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in 94,575 human interphase spermatozoa from four control subjects. More than 99% of the sperm cells were labeled. The proportions of X- and Y-bearing sperm were estimated to be 49.83% and 48.30%, respectively. The disomy rates were 0.04%, 0.009%, and 0.20% for the X and Y chromosomes and chromosome 1, respectively. Hyperhaploidy with an extra gonosome was found in 0.34% of spermatozoa, due to nondisjunction during meiosis I. The frequency of diploidy was 0.11% at meiosis I and 0.036% at meiosis II. Cohybridization of one autosomal and two gonosomal probes, in three-color FISH in interphase spermatozoa, seems to accurately discriminate diploidies from disomies, as well as the meiotic origin of gonosomal aneuploidies in sperm cells.

DNA Probes↗
PubMed1995

Meiotic segregation in males heterozygote for reciprocal translocations: analysis of sperm nuclei by two and three colour fluorescence in situ hybridization.

The meiotic segregation of chromosomes was analysed in three reciprocal translocation carriers, using FISH on interphase spermatozoa. The segregation pattern was first studied in 27,844 spermatozoa from two siblings carrying the reciprocal translocation t(6;11)(q14;p14). Three centromeric probes, specific for chromosomes 6, 11 and 1, were simultaneously hybridized so that all centric fragments as well as the ploidy of each cell could be determined by three colour FISH. For both subjects, the respective frequencies of alternate/adjacent 1, adjacent 2, 3:1 and 4:0 segregation modes were 88%, 9%, 3+ and < 1%. In another reciprocal translocation t(2;14)(p23.1;q31), a two colour FISH analysis was performed on 4,610 spermatozoa, using a chromosome 2 centromeric probe and a YAC probe located on the centric fragment of chromosome 14. Frequencies of alternate/adjacent 1, adjacent 2, and 3:1 segregations were 89%, 5.2%, and 5.8% respectively. The segregation of chromosomes X, Y and 1 were also analyzed with three colour FISH on the spermatozoa from all three translocation carriers, in order to detect an interchromosomal effect. Aneuploidy rates for the X and Y chromosomes were found to be in the same range in the three translocation carriers and control donors, but disomy 1 rates were slightly increased in the translocation carriers.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1994

Male meiotic segregation of gonosomes analysed by two colour FISH in human interphase spermatozoa.

Human meiotic segregation of X and Y chromosomes was simultaneously analysed by dual fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on 10,638 interphase spermatozoa from the same donor. A modified method for sperm decondensation ensured access of both X and Y probes to the sperm chromatin and a 99% hybridization efficiency. Expected sex ratios were obtained (49.30% haploidy X and 49.22% haploidy Y). The frequencies of meiotic II non-disjunctions for X and Y chromosomes (0.05%) were similar to those observed in sperm karyotypes after heterospecific fertilization of hamster eggs. In contrast, the frequency of XY bearing cells was significantly higher (0.42%). However, XY cells detected by FISH could either be diploid somatic cells, diploid germinal cells or hyperhaploid XY spermatozoa, the latter resulting from meiotic I non-disjunctions.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1993

Molecular analysis of a variant 18;22 translocation in a case of lymphocytic lymphoma.

We previously reported a 5' rearrangement of the BCL2 locus in a t(18;22) variant translocation found in a lymphocytic lymphoma. Primary structure analysis of both rearranged chromosomes confirmed the localization of the breakpoint in the so-called vcr region (for variant cluster region) that encompasses Z-DNA stretches 5' of the BCL2 locus, and in between J lambda 1 and C lambda 1 segments on the IGL locus. A 1,027 nucleotide segment from chromosome 22 was repeated on both derivative chromosomes 18q+ and 22q-. This segment contained an octanucleotide that was also present in the normal chromosome 18 close to the breakpoint. As a consequence of the translocation, a normal-sized BCL2 transcript was overexpressed in tumor cells.

Base Sequence↗