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Biomedical subjects

M Moen

Publications and source records attributed to M Moen.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Preoperative identification of malignancy among women with a pelvic mass. Evaluation of a risk index based on ultrasound findings. CA 125 in serum and menopausal status].

A risk of malignancy index (RMI) based on vaginal ultrasound, the tumour marker CA 125 level in serum, and menopausal status was calculated in 134 consecutive patients with a pelvic mass. 41 patients harboured a malignancy, while in 93 the condition was benign. The specificity according to the presence of a malignancy was 95% using the risk of malignancy index, compared with 78% when ultrasound was used alone, and 78% when CA 125 was used alone. The corresponding sensitivities were 73, 71 and 83% respectively. The majority of patients with a false negative index score had early stage ovarian cancer. Only one of the 21 patients with advanced ovarian cancer had a score below the limit of 200. The use of the risk malignancy index is a convenient method for pre-operative identification of cases of advanced ovarian cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

CA125 in peritoneal fluid of ovarian cancer patients.

The presence of CA125 was assessed in peritoneal fluid from 70 patients with ovarian cancer and 32 control patients. The follow-up period ranged from 39 to 89 months (median, 56 months). The cutoff for normal peritoneal fluid CA125 levels was determined to be 250 U/ml. A positive correlation between the serum and peritoneal fluid CA125 levels was observed (P less than 0.001). Peritoneal fluid levels were higher than serum levels in all patients. Patients with evidence of active ovarian cancer showed higher peritoneal fluid CA125 levels than the control patients (P less than 0.001). Peritoneal fluid CA125 levels correlated inversely with survival (P = 0.004). The peritoneal fluid CA125 levels were higher in patients with bulky tumor than in those with small (less than 1 cm) tumors (P less than 0.001). Eight out of twenty-six patients with active cancer and available peritoneal cytology had a negative peritoneal cytology. Three of these patients showed elevated peritoneal fluid levels. Three patients out of twenty-four showed elevated peritoneal fluid CA125 levels at second-look laparotomy. These 3 patients had negative biopsies at second-look surgery, but relapsed during the observation period. At second-look laparotomy an elevated peritoneal fluid CA125 level may imply a bad prognosis, but a normal level does not exclude the presence of disease.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1989

[Chlamydia trachomatis and ectopic pregnancy. A causal relationship].

In a case-control study, chlamydial antibody (IgG) was examined in sera from 58 women with ectopic pregnancy and 58 birth-giving controls matched for age (+/- 3 years) and parity. More patients than controls stated that they had previously been treated for salpingitis (p less than 0.05). In the index pregnancy, two cases and four controls were positive for C trachomatis in specimen from the cervix uteri. Chlamydial antibody was detected among 69% of the cases and 33% of the controls (p less than 0.01). These results were consistent with age, parity and information on previous treatment for salpingitis. The occurrence of a previous chlamydial infection, proven by IgG-antibodies, increases risk of an ectopic pregnancy by a factor of 4.6 (odds ratio 4.6, 95% CI 2.1-10.3).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Mutagenicity testing of amniotic fluid from diabetic women, with special reference to their smoking habits.

Amniotic fluid from 16 diabetic and 78 healthy women at term was tested for capacity to cause mutations in Salmonella typhimurium bacterial tester strain TA98 (Ames test). Diabetes as well as heavy smoking increased the mutagenic activity of amniotic fluid. The difference between groups of diabetics and controls was significant in both nonsmokers and women who had smoked more than 5 cigarettes the last 48 h before delivery. It seems plausible that metabolic disturbances, perhaps enhanced by a lowered oxygenation, in some instances could produce mutagenic compounds. Mutagenic activity in amniotic fluid may be one of the factors underlying the increased incidence of congenital malformations in the offspring of diabetic women. Early mutations could cause such developmental errors in the embryos, and possibly also in future generations by damage to germ cells. Heavy smoking alone also caused an increase in mutagenic activity in term amniotic fluid. Our findings reflected an enhancing effect of smoking in diabetes. A pregnant diabetic woman who smoked would thus further endanger her already jeopardized pregnancy.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1988

Bilateral posterior cerebral artery strokes in a young migraine sufferer.

We report a young migraine sufferer who developed bilateral posterior cerebral artery territory infarcts during the course of his classic migraines, the second of which was associated with intraluminal clot in the posterior cerebral artery. To our knowledge, bilateral posterior cerebral artery stroke from spontaneous migraine has not been reported. Head computed tomographic, magnetic resonance imaging, and angiographic correlation is presented. The mechanism of migrainous infarction may be in part explained by caliber changes in arterioles and capillaries leading to flow reduction in the more proximal conduit arteries combined with the associated coagulopathy that has been previously documented during migraine attacks.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The effect of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist analog (nafarelin) on bone metabolism.

The effect on bone metabolism of an agonist analog of GnRH, nafarelin, was studied in 16 premenopausal women, who received 200 micrograms nafarelin/day for 6 months, and 9 premenopausal women, who received 400 micrograms nafarelin/day for 6 months, followed by a 6-month follow-up period. Bone mineral content in the forearm (measured by single photon absorptiometry) and in the spine (measured by dual photon absorptiometry) significantly decreased after 6 months of treatment with 400 micrograms nafarelin, but 6 months after termination of treatment all bone mineral measurements had returned to pretreatment levels. The bone mineral measurements in the 200 micrograms group did not change throughout the study. In both treatment groups the biochemical estimates of bone turnover increased significantly to postmenopausal levels. Withdrawal of treatment resulted in an abrupt decrease in the bone resorption parameters (fasting urinary hydroxyproline to creatinine and calcium to creatinine excretion ratios and serum phosphate), whereas there was a protracted fall in the bone formation parameters (plasma bone Gla protein and serum alkaline phosphatase) 6 months after termination of treatment. Our findings demonstrate that nafarelin in both doses increased biochemical indices of bone turnover, that 400 micrograms/day nafarelin resulted in a significant decrease in bone mineral content, and that these effects were reversible.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Infertility and chlamydial infection.

The prevalence of humoral IgG and IgM antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis was determined in 105 infertile women who underwent laparoscopy and/or laparatomy, and 90 pregnant women without any known fertility problems (control group). For chlamydial culture, cervical and urethral specimens were collected both from the infertile and the pregnant women, whereas specimens from the fallopian tubes were collected from the infertile women only. Among infertile subjects with abnormal fallopian tube findings, the prevalence of IgG as well as IgM antibodies to C. trachomatis was significantly higher than in the control group (P less than or equal to 0.001). Similar statistically significant differences in antichlamydial geometric mean titer (GMT) also were observed in sera from infertile subjects with fallopian tube abnormalities and the controls. The chlamydial isolation rate from lower genital samples was low both among the infertile and pregnant women. All tubal samples were culture negative. The present study indicates a close connection between infertility of tubal etiology and an immune response to C. trachomatis. The possibility of active or recent chlamydial activity in at least some of these infertile subjects is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

"Crack" cocaine-associated stroke.

We present three cases of "crack" cocaine-associated stroke, together with a review of cocaine-associated cerebrovascular complications. Unlike previously reported cases tentatively associating ischemic stroke with cocaine, our patients had no other potential causes for their strokes. Although the exact mechanism of cocaine-related stroke remains uncertain, both disordered neurogenic control of the cerebral circulation as well as systemic factors (ie, acute hypertension) may play a role.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Distribution of HLA-antigens among patients with endometriosis.

Previous studies have demonstrated a hereditary tendency to develop endometriosis and the incidence of the disease varies in different ethnic groups. The genetic background to these differences has not been clearly explained. The present investigation was performed to seek a possible association between certain HLA antigens and endometriosis. One hundred patients were typed for HLA-A, -B and -C, and of these 24 were also typed for HLA-DR. No significant deviations from the antigen frequencies in a normal population were found. We conclude that the development of endometriosis does not seem to be associated with HLA-A, -B, -C or -DR antigens.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Urge incontinence.

Patients suffering from urge incontinence can present with very strong desire to void even with small bladder volumes. The syndrome is subdivided into two categories: motor and sensory urge incontinence. In motor urge incontinence uninhibited detrusor contractions are found, and this condition is mostly associated with neurological disorders. In sensory urge incontinence no uninhibited detrusor contractions are present, and the condition may be secondary to pathological conditions in the urogenital tract. In some of the patients with primary sensory urge incontinence an unstable urethra may be found. The treatment of urge incontinence is mainly by medication, but bladder drill has also given good results.

Central Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1980

In vitro foeto-maternal lymphocyte responses at delivery: no gross changes in MLC and PLT responsiveness.

The reactivity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of mothers and their newborns in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC) and primed lymphocyte typing (PLT) was tested. The primary MLC tests did not demonstrate any altered kinetics or suppression of the mother's lymphocytes towards the cells of her newborn, or vice versa. In most cases, the bidirectional MLC between maternal and newborn cells was found to be normal. Maternal lymphocytes could, however, be primed in vitro to cells from their newborn, and demonstrated a somewhat better specificity for HLA-D determinants than paternal cells similarly primed, indicating that some priming may have occurred in vivo during pregnancy.

Delivery, Obstetric↗
PubMed1975

Follow-up of mentally retarded adults successfully and unsuccessfully placed in community group homes.

State hospital staff members compared 72 retarded adult patients who had been successfully placed in group homes in the community with 13 patients who had been placed but rehospitalized. No significant differences were found between the groups on the four variables of sex, age at the time of the study, age at first admission to the hospital, and time spent in the hospital. A comparison of preplacement problems listed in the patients' hospital records with the reasons for rehospitalization of the unsuccessfully placed group suggests that both hospital staff and group home parents find aggressive behaviors a problem, but that group home parents are more concerned than hospital staff with deficiencies in self-care.

Adult↗