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Biomedical subjects

M Modan

Publications and source records attributed to M Modan.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

A simple radioimmunological method for the determination or renal renin activity in the rat.

A RIA method for the measurement of RRA is described, based upon the incubation of two dilutions of kidney extract with a fixed amount of EDTA-anticoagulated anephric rat plasma. The RIA of the generated angiotensin I is carried out with the commercially available NEN Kit. Recovery of angiotensin I added to the incubation mixture was 98 percent. There were 113 kidneys with a wide range of renin activity (52 to 1,274 ng. angiotensinl/mg. of kidney per hour) assayed. The within-assay coefficient of variation was uniform throughout the range, equalling 4.4 percent. The between-assay variance was practically identical with the within-assay variance. The confidence interval to the mean RRA level of one pair of readings was 5.4 percent of this mean.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1976

Antibodies to Epstein-Barr viral capsid and early antigens associated with Burkitt's lymphoma and lymphoblastic lymphosarcoma in Israel.

Before and/or after chemotherapy was administered to patients with Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) or lymphoblastic lymphosarcoma (LLS), their sera and those of matched controls were tested for antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) capsid antigen (VCA) and early antigen by the indirect immunofluorescence method. Ten of the 16 BL patients were Arab children and 8 of the 11 LLS patients were Jews of Asian-African origin. Although half the BL patients did not have elevated antibody titers when their disease was diagnosed, significantly higher ones were detected in the BL group as compared with the LLS patients and their matched controls; Arab patients had the highest titers. IgM antibodies specific for VCA were found in 2 patients concurrently with elevated titers. We found no correlation between the clinical course of BL and the patients' antibody titers to EBV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Immunologic studies in phenylketonuria.

Significantly reduced immunoglobulins were found in 22 patients with phenylketonuria. Tests of cellular immune function which included delayed skin hypersensitivity, T rosettes and PHA transformation were normal. Escherichia coli antibodies and the booster response to tetanus toxoid were also normal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Abnormal renal functions in cyanotic congential heart disease.

Children with cyanotic congenital heart disease had a decreased glomerular filtration rate (71-8 +/- 18-9 ml/min per 1-73 m2) measured by endogenous creatinine clearances, compared with children who had had complete corrective surgery, children with noncyanotic heart disease, and normal children. There was a significant correlation between low glomerular filtration rate and haematocrit values above 50%. Daily urinary sodium excretion was reduced in the cyanotic patients.

Child↗
PubMed1976

Cardiovascular complications in matched pairs of low and normal renin hypertensive patients.

A nomogram for plasma renin activity (PRA), based on 31 normal volunteers, was constructed, and the 95% tolerance limits were computed to the regression line of PRA on 24-h urinary sodium excretion. On this nomogram, reproducibility of the PRA profile for the same patient with essential hypertension was good. Retrospectively, 20 essential hypertension patients with low PRA were matched for age and sex with essential hypertension patients with normal PRA. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in either the number of cardiovascular complications or in the blood pressure means. It is concluded that the incidence of cardiovascular complications tends to be similar in all cases of essential hypertension of a similar degree of severity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Reduction of hospital mortality from acute myocardial infarction by anticoagulant therapy.

A nationwide study of all 2330 patients hospitalized for a first definite acute myocardial infarction in Israel during a one-year period revealed a significantly lower 21-day mortality rate of patients treated by anticoagulants: 8.3 versus 27.3 per cent in those not receiving such therapy (p less than 0.0001). Out of the 22 hospitals studied, the effect was present in 18, absent in two, and not assessable in two. There was a highly significant inverse correlation between the proportion of patients receiving anticoagulant therapy in each hospital and the total 21-day mortality from infarction in that institution (r equals 0.57; less than 0.01). The superior survival of patients on anticoagulant therapy did not seem related to differences in age, sex, disease severity, site of infarction, diagnostic criteria or type of hospital. Despite the obvious limitations of retrospective studies the data justify a re-evaluation of the approach to the problem by further investigative effort.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus in patients with Hodgkin's disease and leukemia.

Sera from 67 Hodgkin's disease patients, 71 leukemia patients, and 186 healthy subjects were tested for antibodies to Epstein-Barr (EB) viral antigens by immunofluorescence methods. In both disease categories, in particular Hodgkin's disease patients, levels of antibodies to the viral capsid antigen (EBV-VCA) and MGT were higher than in the healthy controls. Significantly higher titers were found in Jewish patients of Asian-African origin, as compared to Jews of European origin, with Arab patients as intermediates. The effect of ethnic origin was independant of age and histopathologic type. Sex had no effect on titer. Inconsistent differences in titer were found between age groups in the various ethnic-histopathologic type groups. Some of the leukemia patients had no detectable antibodies to EBV, while all Hodgkin's disease patients showed previous contact with EB virus. Antibodies to the early antigen (EBV-EA) were found in 27% of Hodgkin's and 37% of leukemia patients, and in none of the healthy controls tested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Low-fiber intake as an etiologic factor in cancer of the colon.

A case-control dietary study of 198 patients with cancer of the colon and two matched control groups demonstrated a significantly lower fiber consumption frequency among the cancer patients. This difference was not confined to a few items. Of the 73 items on the fiber list, 61 were eaten less often by the cancer patient than by a neighborhood control, and 57 were consumed less frequently than by a surgical control. These findings support the hypothesis that low-residue foods play an etiologic role in colon carcinogenesis. A mechanism related to the possible potential carcinogenic properties of degraded biliary compounds may be implicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Antibodies to Herpes simplex virus in Jewish women with cervical cancer and in healthy Jewish women of Israel.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) antibody titers were examined in sera from 39 Jewish women with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix (CaCx) and in sera from controls matched by age and country of origin. Highly significant differences were found between the cases and controls for both HSV type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV type 2 (HSV-2). Compared to findings in other demographic areas, the geometric mean titer (GMT) of HSV-1 among the CaCx cases were considerably higher, whereas the GMT for HSV-2 was in the same range. The percentage of HSV-2-positive patients, as defined by the HSV-2/HSV-1 antibody titer ratio was low compared to that found in other demographic areas; this was presumably due to the high incidence of HSV-1 infection in the population. The HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection rate in the Israeli Jewish female population was estimated by antibody titers for 94 healthy subjects. The GMT of HSV-1 was considerably higher, whereas the GMT of HSV-2 was lower, than those reported elsewhere. The association found previously between HSV-2 and CaCx remained true for Jewish women. Their low incidence of CaCx, which did not seem to result from lower susceptibility, might be explained by the low incidence of HSV-2 infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Urinary calcium excretion in relation to kidney function in the adult.

A study based on 55 hospital patients (age groups 40-59, 60-69, 70-79) demonstrated a significant correlation between the glomerular filtration rate (as expressed by endogenous creatinine clearance) and the mean urinary calcium concentration. Excluded were patients with thyroidal or hypophyseal disorders, osteoporosis, renal stones immobilizing conditions, or those treated with corticosteroids. The study patients had a normal fluid intake and did not receive any diuretics. The urinary calcium concentration test is less laborious and less liable to laboratory errors than the creatinine clearance test, which requires a 24-hour urine collection. Because of the gradual decrease in the glomerular filtration rate in the elderly, this test should be of value in geriatric practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

External iliac artery blood flow in patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans.

Blood flow in the left external iliac artery was measured by means of a densitometric technique in 21 patients with arteriosclerosis of the lower extremities and in 21 controls. Normal flow volumes were (mean +/- S.D.) 604 +/- 104 ml./min. for males and 478 +/- ml./min. for females. Flow volume was significantly lower in the patients with ischemia of the legs. There was no correlation between flow volume through the artery and the degree of stenosis at its narrowest point. The diameter of the iliac artery and the flow volume were significantly larger in males than in females; however, flow velocity was significantly larger in females.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

A spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of lysozyme in human tears: description and evaluation of the method and screening of 60 healthy subjects.

A spectrophotometric micromethod for lysozyme determination in tears is described, which enables the estimation of very low concentrations of lysozyme in individual tear samples, and which can be performed rapidly. The method is based on collecting the tears by a microcapillary tube and diluting them in a special manner which increases the volume of the tear sample, thus making possible analysis of other tear constituents in addition to lysozyme. Lysozyme activity in tears is determined by reduction of optical density (OD) of Micrococcus lysodeikticus suspension. The sensitivity of the method was determined on the basis of repetitive readings. The level of lysozyme in tears of 60 healthy people was determined by this method and found to be 6.1 mg. per milliliter hen egg lysozyme (HEL) with standard deviation of 1.57 mg. per milliliter HEL or 1.5 mg. per milliliter human tear lysozyme (HTL) with standard deviation of 0.39 HTL. Lysozyme level in tears of both eyes of each individual is equal, and any difference observed between the two eyes is due to the variability of the method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Dietary factors and cancer in Israel.

The risk of developing cancer is relatively higher in the European-born Israeli population than in those originating from the Middle Eastern or North African countries. The majority of cancer sites with a higher risk in the European groups involve the gastrointestinal and reproductive systems. Certain leads suggest that at least some of these differences may be attributed to diet. Data based on case-control studies are provided; they indicate a high consomption of starches among gastric cancer patients and a lower fiber consumption in patients with cancer of the colon. The latter observations may be extended to cancer of the breast, ovary, and corpus uteri, assuming an interplay between the concentration of bile degradation products and hormone metabolism. Although a low fiber consumption seems a more likely mechanism, a higher fat consumption is also compatible with this model. However, due to the complexity of human nutrition, it seems unwarranted to incriminate any single dietary factor in carcinogenesis. A better understanding of the metabolic pathways, coupled with consistent observations from distinct populations, should be looked for.

Africa, Northern↗