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Biomedical subjects

M Miyazawa

Publications and source records attributed to M Miyazawa.

195 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Ischemic cholangitis caused by transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization 10 months after resection of the extrahepatic bile duct.

We report a case of ischemic cholangitis that occurred after transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TAE). Ten months prior to TAE the patient had undergone central bisegmentectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma with resection of the extrahepatic bile duct. Eleven days after TAE, he developed suppurative cholangitis and multiple organ failure. Prior surgical ligation of the peribiliary arteries around the extrahepatic bile duct followed by TAE was considered to have played a crucial role in the development of ischemic cholangitis. This case demonstrates the importance of blood flow from the peribiliary arteries for the survival of the biliary epithelium.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunohistochemical localization of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the human gastric mucosa.

BACKGROUND/AIM: There have been only a few studies on the distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the human stomach, in which it was stated that CGRP fibers are rare in that organ. The aim of the present study was to investigate the immunohistochemical localization of CGRP in the human gastric mucosa obtained by endoscopic biopsy from patients with gastric ulcers. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was carried out according to the indirect immunoperoxidase method using an anti-human CGRP antibody. Biopsies were taken from the ulcer margin in 18 patients (age 37-78, average 57.4 years) and from two endoscopically normal portions (antrum and body) in 7 other patients (age 36-65, average 51.0 years). One biopsy specimen was obtained from each portion. RESULTS: Twelve of the eighteen biopsy specimens from the ulcer margin, 6 of the 7 biopsy specimens from normal portions of the antrum and 3 of the 7 biopsy specimens from normal portions of the body showed CGRP-immunoreactive staining. Intense staining was more marked in the specimens from the ulcer margin compared to those of the normal portions. CONCLUSIONS: CGRP immunoreactivity was observed in the human gastric mucosa in considerable abundance, and it is presumed that CGRP might participate in a restoration mechanism of the ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical treatment of gastric cancer detected by mass screening.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: It is crucial to improve the postoperative prognosis of patients with gastric cancer in geographic regions where the incidence of gastric cancer is high. This study compared the efficacy of surgical treatment in patients with gastric cancer detected by a mass screening survey with that of patients diagnosed in accordance with standard medical practice. METHODOLOGY: The subjects included 189 patients with gastric cancer detected by a mass screening survey (screening group) who underwent surgical treatment from 1988 to 1995, and 517 patients who underwent a standard medical work-up (non-screening group). RESULTS: The incidence of early gastric cancer, curative resectability rate, and 5-year survival rates between the screening and non-screening groups were 73.0% versus 48.4% (p < 0.01), 90.5% versus 66.7% (p < 0.01), and 86.2% versus 61.0% (p < 0.01), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment for patients with gastric cancer identified by mass screening is effective in saving lives and reduces the mortality from gastric cancer in the target population of mass screening. However, a further prospective randomized controlled study of this screening method will be necessary in the future.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgery for gastric cancer in patients older than 80 years of age.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although the number of elderly patients who undergo surgery for gastric cancer has increased in recent years, the clinical features associated with this group of patients, including their postoperative survival rate, remain unclear. METHODOLOGY: The cases of 50 patients > or = 80 years of age (the older group) with gastric cancer who underwent surgical treatment in our Department from January 1988 to December 1995 were reviewed and compared to the records of 239 patients < or = 60 years of age (the younger group) who had surgery during the same time period. RESULTS: The incidence of advanced gastric cancer in the older versus younger groups was 59.6% versus 27.9%, respectively (p < 0.01). The tumor size was significantly larger in the older group. The tumor location in the older group predominantly involved the upper third of the stomach, while in the younger group, the middle third of the stomach was primarily involved. Histologically, the incidence of differentiated tumor types was 65.1% versus 50.5% (p < 0.05), and undifferentiated types, 34.9% versus 49.5% (p < 0.05), in the older and younger groups, respectively. Retrospective comparisons conducted between the older and younger groups revealed the following: curative resectability rate: 52.0% versus 74.5% (p < 0.01); hospital mortality rate: 2% versus 0%; overall 5-year survival rate: 46.1% versus 71.1% (p < 0.01); and a 5-year survival rate in patients who underwent curative resection of 65.0% versus 88.8% in the older versus younger age groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the survival of elderly patients with gastric cancer is worse than that of younger patients because of a lower curative resection rate of the advanced cancer. However, the survival rate in elderly patients is identical to that in younger patients if a curative resection is performed.

Age Factors↗