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Biomedical subjects

M Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to M Miyazaki.

At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Primary culture of adult rat liver cells. II. Cytological and biochemical properties of primary cultured cells.

Primary mass culture of isolated cells from adult rat livers by the trypsin-perfusion method uas carried out to investigate cytological and biochemical properties of primary cultured cells. Two main types of cells were found in the course of primary culture of isolated hepatic cells. One was a group of polygonal cells with granular cytoplasm, which appeared to arrange themselves in cords and clusters 3 to 4 days postinoculation and then gradually decreased in number. These cells seemed to be associated with expression of liver specific functions such as higher tyrosine aminotransferase levels and transient increases in albumin production. Another type of cells was relatively small in size and had clear cytoplasm, which grew out rapidly in place of the polygonal cells and proliferated also in subculture. alpha-Fetoprotein was detected in the cultured media of the proliferating clear cells. These results suggest that the polygonal cells and the clear cells may correspond to the mature hepatocytes and the hepatocytic stem cells in vivo, respectively.

Albumins↗
PubMed1978

alpha-Fetoprotein content in liver from rats following hepatotoxin administration and partial hepatectomy.

alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) contents in liver from hepatotoxin-treated or partially hepatectomized rats were quantitatively measured using a radioimmunoassay by freezing and thawing perfused-liver homogenate in Triton X-100 No significantly increased contents of AFP in injured or regenerating livers were found even with a marked increase in serum AFP concentrations of the treated rats, suggesting that AFP could be rapidly secreted into the circulation identically under the entirely different conditions. Increased contents of AFP in liver could be detected only in newborn rats with serum AFP concentrations of more than 10 microgram/ml.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effects of glucagon on the renal hemodynamics of dogs.

An intrarenal infusion of glucagon resulted in an increase of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with the same order of magnitude of renal blood flow (RBF) but did not affect the intrarenal distribution of blood flow. A superimposition of acetylcholine and glucagon decreased GFR even though RBF increased significantly. These findings indicate that the effect of glucagon on GFR depended on the selective dilation of afferent arterioles without any change in permeability of glomerular capillaries and redistribution of filtration.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1977

Physiologically controlled selective thalamotomy for the treatment of abnormal movement by Leksell's open system.

In the course of stereotaxic thalamotomy by Leksell's open system in 20 cases of abnormal movement, recording and stimulation of the subcortical structures have been performed by means of two semimicro-electrodes introduced parallel to the frontal plane. Taking advantage of simultaneous recording and electrical stimulation through these two electrodes, several critical points in the caudate nucleus and thalamus have been clearly delineated. Thus in each individual case an outline of the thalamic configuration in the frontal plane could be obtained, so that the final therapeutic lesion was placed with good precision at the lower-most border of VL or Vim nucleus. It has been shown that the physiologically determined minimum lesion resulted in satisfactory alleviation of the abnormal movements without notable untoward effects.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed1977

Value of lymphocyte reactivity induced by phytohemagglutinin in the treatment of malignant diseases.

An improved micromethod for evaluating in vitro lymphocyte blastogenetic activity, a modification of the method of Park and Good, is devised and used in 111 stomach cancer, 34 colorectal cancer, and 22 breast cancer cases. Follow-up information on the lymphocyte blastogenetic activity levels was available in 28 stomach cancer patients after the clinically complete removal of the tumor. In 16 patients with early stomach cancer the lymphocyte blastogenetic level did not differ greatly from a control values from healthy volunteers. However, in 66 advanced stomach cancer cases, statistically lower levels were encountered. After the complete removal of the tumor in 28 stomach cancer patients, the lymphocyte blastogenetic values rose postoperatively. The lymphocyte blastogenetic levels in patients with curative colorectal cancer or curative breast cancer were significantly higher than those patients with non-curative tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Effects of glucagon on the renal hemodynamics in the dog.

The effect of glucagon on the renal hemodynamics in the dog was examined by comparing its effect with that of secretin, a peptide with which glucagon shares a similar chemical structure. An intrarenal infusion of glucagon resulted in increases of RBF and GFR. GFR rose by approximately the same order of magnitude of RBF. The increase in GFR depended on the selective dilation of the afferent arteriole and a consequent rise in the transcapillary pressure difference. On the other hand, secretin infusion produced highly significant and proportional decreases in both afferent and efferent arteriolar resistance, resulting in no change in GFR. A superimposition of acetylcholine to glucagon decreased GFR even though RBF increased significantly. Glucagon infusion did not affect the permeability of glomerular capillary and the distribution of cortical blood flow. These findings indicate that the effect of glucagon on GFR depended on the selective dilation of afferent arteriole, and that as a result of its dilation the net filtration pressure increased without any change in permeability of glomerular capillary and a redistribution of filtration.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1977

Responses of serum gonadotrophins to LH-releasing hormone and oestrogens in Japanese women with polycystic ovaries.

In order to define the abnormality in gonadotrophin secretion in Japanese women with polycystic ovaries (PCO) who rarely show virilization and markedly enlarged ovaries, basal levels of LH and FSH, and responses of serum gonadotrophins to LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) or oestrogens were determined by radioimmunoassay. Eleven patients with PCO diagnosed by laparotomy or laparoscopy and 30 normal women in the follicular phase were studied. The mean (+/- SD) basal level of LH was significantly higher in patients with PCO than in normal controls (PCO 28.6 +/- 2.4 vs. normal 10.9 +/- 3.0 mIU/ml), while the mean FSH level in PCO patients was not significantly different from that in the normal controls (9.7 +/- 0.7 vs. 11.4 +/- 2.6 mIU/ml). The mean LH/FSH ratio in PCO patients was significantly higher than that in normal controls (3.2 +/- 0.9 vs. 1.0 +/- 0.3). Exaggerated response of LH to LH-RH was observed in PCO patients, while the FSH response was comparable with the normal controls. Ten out of 11 patients with PCO showed LH release exceeding the basal level after bolus iv injection of 20 mg conjugated oestrogens (Premarin), and virtually the same mean net increase in LH from the basal level was obtained in both PCO patients and normal controls. Since the abnormalities in gonadotrophin secretion in Japanese women with PCO are not different from those reported in patients with PCO in Europe and USA, it seems likely that lower incidence of markedly enlarged ovaries and virilization in Japanese patients may be caused by the difference in ovarian response to gonadotrophin.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Primary culture of adult rat liver cells. I. Preparation of isolated cells from trypsin-perfused liver of adult rat.

Isolated hepatic cells from adult rats were prepared by perfusing the livers with trypsin. The highest yield of viable cells was obtained by perfusing the liver with 0.1% trypsin, pH 7.0, at 37 degrees C for 30 min. Following this treatment about 70% of cells excluded trypan blue. The isolated cells contained many binucleate cells. Between 60 and 70% of DNA present originally in the liver was recovered from the isolated hepatic cells, which had higher glucose 6-phosphatase activity than the liver. Thus the resulting cell population seems to be rich in hepatocytes. The isolated hepatic cells, however, lost some of their cellular proteins such as alanine and tyrosine amino-transferases. It was suggested that the membranes of isolated hepatic cells might be damaged by both enzymatic digestion and mechanical destruction.

Animals↗