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Biomedical subjects

M Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to M Miyazaki.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in a diabetic patient with renal insufficiency and ventricular aneurysm.

A diabetic patient with renal insufficiency and a giant ventricular aneurysm was treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). No apparent exacerbation of the patient's cardiovascular function was observed after starting CAPD therapy, although his ejection fraction remained low and his angina attacks persisted. It is suggested that CAPD therapy has no deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system of patients with ventricular aneurysms, and that the benefits outweigh the risks.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1989

An orally active renin inhibitor: cyclohexylnorstatine-containing dipeptide (KRI-1314).

In our continuing search for low molecular weight, human renin inhibitors, a dipeptide derivative, morpholino-naphthyl-acyl-histidyl-cyclohexyl-norstatine (KRI-1314), was newly synthesized and estimated for oral effectiveness. This compound inhibited plasma renin from humans and from Japanese monkeys in vitro, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 4.7 x 10(-9) and 2.4 x 10(-8) mol/l, respectively. The mean blood pressure of sodium-depleted Japanese monkeys was lowered significantly after intravenous injection or oral administration of KRI-1314. The maximum reduction was attained 3 h after oral administration at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Plasma renin activity (PRA) was halved 1 h after oral administration of KRI-1314, and this inhibition persisted for more than 5 h. results suggest that KRI-1314, a potent, orally effective and long-lasting renin inhibitor, may become one of a new class of antihypertensive agent.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[Beneficial effects of glucagon-insulin infusion on hepatic protein synthesis and DNA synthesis in partial hepatic ischemia].

To study the effects of glucagon-insulin (G-I) infusion on protein synthesis and DNA synthesis in a condition with partial hepatic ischemia, G-I or saline was infused via portal vein for 40 minutes before and after a period of partial hepatic ischemia or following a period of partial hepatic ischemia. Protein synthesis was measured by 14C-leucine incorporation into proteins in incubated liver slices and DNA synthesis by 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA. Protein synthesis in the postischemic liver was significantly recovered faster and more completely in G-I treated rats. G-I infusion enhanced the DNA synthesis of postischemic liver significantly, peaking 48 hours after the period of partial hepatic ischemia. However, the dosage of G-I infused in this investigation couldn't increase the hepatic tissue blood flow measured by hydrogen gas clearance method. On the histological examination, mitotic index was significantly higher in G-I treated group than in control. These results suggest that G-I infusion could be beneficial effects on the liver in situation with partial ischemic injury and that G-I infusion could remarkably augment hepatic tissue repair following ischemic damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Pathophysiology of circulatory shock: an overview.

Recent developments in three categories of shock research are discussed. Organ perfusion and humoral pathophysiological responses were investigated first, since the cause of fatal shock is always ischemia, tissue hypoxia and resulting cell damage with abolishment of mitochrondrial function. Both centrally and peripherally administered thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) had vasopressor effects that are mediated by a central cholinergic mechanism. A derivative of TRH, DN-1417, had a longer-acting vasopressor action. TRH content increased in the brain in reversible shock, while amino acids increased in irreversible shock.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1989

[Painless delivery under lumbar epidural anesthesia for a pregnant woman with syncope caused by paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia].

A 32-year-old pregnant woman complained of palpitation and syncope caused by paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia. The electrophysiological study was normal. The evidence that catecholamines were extremely increased in urine suggested that this arrhythmia resulted from imbalance in the autonomic nervous system. Medication by beta-blocking drugs during pregnancy decreased the frequency of ventricular tachycardia. In order to avoid the increase of catecholamines during the delivery, lumbar epidural anesthesia was administered, which resulted in painless vaginal delivery and impeded the attack of ventricular tachycardia. Although the baby was small for date, fortunately he was delivered normally.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of anesthesia and surgery on immunity in patients with benign and malignant diseases].

The effect of anesthesia and surgery in patients with benign and malignant diseases was investigated applying two color analysis for the classification of functional lymphocyte subpopulation. Eight patients with benign diseases and twelve patients with malignancies were studied. Peripheral lymphocyte subsets were measured before, during and after operation using monoclonal antibodies; OKT3 (Leu4), OKT4 (Leu3a), OKT8 (Leu2a), Leu11, OKT11 (Leu5b), Leu12, HLA-Dr. Decrease in OKT4, OKT4/OKT8 ratio, Leu12 and HLA-Dr, and increase in OKT8 were observed during the operation. In addition to these measurements, two color analysis utilizing two kinds of monoclonal antibody, such as Leu3a and Leu8, or Leu2a and Leu15 was performed. Inducer T cells decreased and suppressor T cells increased during the operation. These changes suggest immuno-suppression throughout the operation. These changes returned to control levels in three days after the operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical experience with sulbactam/ampicillin in the pediatric field].

Sulbactam/ampicillin (SBT/ABPC) was given intravenously to 20 children with the following acute bacterial infections; 14 cases of pneumonia, 2 cases of purulent cervical lymphadenitis and 1 case each of bronchitis, pyothorax, cellulitis, and purulent meningitis. Good clinical responses were obtained in 18 out of 20 patients, and bacteriologically, all of the 14 isolated strains were eradicated. No side effect was observed except 2 cases of eosinophilia, and 1 case each of loose stool and elevated thrombocyte. From the above clinical results, it is apparent that SBT/ABPC is a useful antibiotic for the treatment of pediatric patients with various kinds of bacterial infections.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Clinical application of cascade filtration combined with glassbead adsorbents in cancer patients.

Cascade filtration (CF) was applied to patients with advanced cancers. To selectively remove immunosuppressive factors with molecular weight lower than albumin, adsorbents combined with CF were examined. Among 11 kinds of adsorbents, glassbead adsorbents with pore size 100A were the most effective in adsorbing such substances. Clinically, a column packed with glassbead adsorbents was concomitantly used with CF. The second filtrate was passed through the column and returned to the patient. The removal rate of immunosuppressive substances with molecular weight lower than albumin was only 20% by CF alone, but more than 50% by CF combined with glassbead adsorbents. Clinical symptoms such as severe back pain and general malaise were drastically improved during and after therapy. These results suggest that CF combined with glassbead adsorbents is an effective adjunctive modality to cancer therapy.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical experience with cefodizime in pediatric field].

Cefodizime (CDZM, THR-221) was given intravenously to 20 children with the following acute bacterial infections: 2 cases each of tonsillitis, bronchitis, purulent cervical lymphadenitis, and urinary tract infections and 12 cases of pneumonia. Good clinical responses were obtained in 18 patients out of the 20, and bacteriologically, all of the 5 strains identified were eradicated. No side effect was obtained except one case of eosinophilia. From the above clinical results, it is apparent that CDZM is a useful antibiotic for the treatment of pediatric patients with various kinds of bacterial infections.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Involvement of endogenous thyrotropin-releasing hormone in central regulation of the cardiovascular system after bleeding in conscious rats.

The 4th ventricle of a conscious rat was perfused using a push-pull cannula. The concentration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in the perfusate was significantly increased after withdrawal of 30% of the total blood. Administration of antiserum of TRH into the ventricle potentiated and prolonged the hypotension induced by the bleeding. These results suggest that endogenous brain TRH is involved in the central regulation of the cardiovascular system after bleeding in conscious rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Colocalization of GABA and [Met]enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 in the rat cerebellum.

The distribution of [Met]enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8-like immunoreactivity (MEAGL-LI) in the rat cerebellum was investigated by peroxidase anti-peroxidase immunocytochemistry using specific antiserum against MEAGL. MEAGL-LI positive neuronal perikarya were distributed in the granular layer, and they seemed to correspond to Golgi cells from their size and location. In addition, diffusely and weakly stained neuronal perikarya were also observed in the molecular layer. Immunoreactive fibers and terminals were found in the granular layer. Furthermore, examination of serial frozen sections (4-6 micron in thickness) from rats pretreated with colchicine clarified the colocalization of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and MEAGL in Golgi cells but not in the stellate cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Changes in ribosomal properties during adenylate deprivation in the cells of Kluyveromyces lactis.

In an adenine-requiring mutant strain of the yeast, Kluyveromyces lactis, the intracellular content of ATP is one-third to one-fifth that in a prototrophic wild strain under growing conditions. The quantitative differences becomes rather small in resting stationary-phase cells. Temporary changes in the two-dimensional protein patterns of mutant ribosomes occur when the ATP content is lowest during the transition phase of growth. The transfer of exponentially growing cells to a synthetic complete medium void of adenine induces the same changes in mutant ribosomes within several hours. Identification of ribosomal proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis indicated all changeable proteins (at least five proteins) to belong to 40S ribosomal subunits. The mutant ribosomes prepared from the transition-phase cells have much lower activity (below 60%) for poly(U)-directed polyphenylalanine synthesis than those in exponentially growing or resting stationary-phase cells. Thus, changes in ribosomal components associated with the differences in ribosome activity in a cell-free system were noted in the adenylate-deprived cells of K. lactis.

Adenine↗
PubMed1988

Cardiovascular effect of intravenously administered thyrotropin-releasing hormone and its concentration in push-pull perfusion of the fourth ventricle in conscious and pentobarbital-anesthetized rats.

Changes in the concentration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were examined by the push-pull perfusion method after intravenous (i.v.) administration of the peptide in conscious and pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. The concentration of endogenous TRH in the perfusate was not changed during the 160-min perfusion period and was similar to that in the CSF (0.92 +/- 0.26 ng/ml) collected before the perfusion in conscious as well as in anesthetized rats. After i.v. administration of TRH (5 mg/kg) to the conscious rats, the peptide concentration in the perfusate increased to 42.23 +/- 14.33 ng/ml during the first 20 min and gradually returned to the basal level 2 hr after administration. The total amount of TRH detected in the perfusate was 20.0 ng. It was reduced by 75% in the anesthetized animals. The increases in blood pressure and heart rate, seen after i.v. as well as intracerebroventricular administration of TRH in the conscious rats, was significantly inhibited in the anesthetized rats. These results indicate that systemically administered TRH exerts its cardiovascular effect at central site(s), and that the transportation and the effect of the peptide is suppressed by pentobarbital anesthesia.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1988

Effects of hypothermia on thyrotropin-releasing hormone content in the rat brain.

The thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) content in the brain was determined in normothermic and hypothermic rats subjected to immobilization stress. TRH contents in the hypothalamus, midbrain and cerebral cortex significantly decreased during mild hypothermia (body temperature about 34 degrees C), but not during profound hypothermia (about 24 degrees C). The decreases in the TRH content during mild hypothermia were readily reversed by rewarming the animal. These results indicate that cerebral TRH is involved in the response to a mild body temperature drop when the animal is exposed to a cold environment.

Animals↗