[Case of acute rhabdomyolysis caused by maintaining the same limb position for an extended period].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
M Miyazaki
Publications and source records attributed to M Miyazaki.
In vivo transfection of genes for renin and angiotensinogen into the glomerular cells induced phenotypic change of the mesangial cells and glomerular sclerosis.
Locally activated renin angiotensin system plays an important role in the progression of the glomerular diseases. In order to understand the local effect of overexpressed angiotensin II in the glomerulus in situ, we introduced human genes for renin and angiotensinogen into the rat kidney by hemagglutinating virus of Japan-liposome procedure. Three days after transfection human renin was detected in the glomeruli by immunohistochemistry. Seven days after transfection, extracellular matrix was expanded in the glomeruli and alpha-smooth muscle actin was expressed in the mesangial cells. These results suggest that locally activated renin angiotensin system induces glomerular sclerosis and a phenotypic change in mesangial cells.
Actins↗
Endoscopic ultrasonographic abnormalities and lower esophageal sphincter function in reflux esophagitis.
Endoscopic ultrasonography of the lower esophagus was performed in 25 patients with reflux esophagitis and 13 age-matched controls. Thickening of the esophageal wall and abnormalities of its architecture were detected. As these morphological changes became more extensive, the lower esophageal sphincter pressure and the decrease of sphincter pressure on relaxation were both progressively reduced. There was a significant correlation between morphological abnormalities and lower esophageal function. Our results suggest that inflammatory damage to the muscle layer of the lower esophagus may impair lower esophageal sphincter function further, especially in patients with advanced esophagitis.
Aged↗
Development of the brainstem and cerebellum in autistic patients.
Studies of magnetic resonance images have revealed morphological disorders of the brainstem and cerebellum in autistic children and adults. When we studied development of the brainstem and cerebellum in autistic patients, we found that although the brainstem and cerebellum significantly increased in size with age in both autistic patients and controls, these structures were significantly smaller in autistic patients than in controls. The speed of development of the pons, the cerebellar vermis I-V and the cerebellar vermis VI-VII was significantly more rapid in autistic patients than in the controls. However, the speed of development of the other brain structures in the posterior fossa did not differ between autistic patients and controls. The regression intercepts of the brainstem and cerebellum as well as those of their components were significantly smaller in autistic patients than in controls. Results suggest that brainstem and vermian abnormalities in autism were due to an early insult and hypoplasia rather than to a progressive degenerative process.
Adolescent↗
Significance of aminopyrine breath test as a parameter of hepatic functional reserve in 40% partial hepatectomy of rats with CCl4-induced liver injury.
Rats with CCl4-induced liver injury underwent partial (40%) hepatectomy. The [14C]aminopyrine breath test (ABT) values in rats with CCl4-induced liver injury were reduced by 34% compared with those in rats with normal liver. Preoperative ABT values clearly discriminated between survivors and those that died following 40% partial hepatectomy in rats CCl4-induced liver injury (P < 0.05). Hepatic protein synthesis was remarkably enhanced in CCl4-induced liver injury compared with normal liver (P < 0.001), and this was inversely correlated with ABT values (P < 0.001). These data show that the enhanced hepatic protein synthesis could induce a decrease of hepatic functional reserve. ABT seems to be a useful preoperative test for predicting surgical mortality following hepatectomy.
Alanine Transaminase↗
Influence of filler addition to bonding agents on shear bond strength to bovine dentin.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of adding filler particles to a bonding agent on dentin bond strength and of the temperature change during curing in order to determine the optimum filler level for an experimental bonding agent. METHODS: Experimental light-cured bonding agents with microfiller (average size: 0.05 micrometers) content of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 wt% were used with the Imperva Bond / Lite-Fil II A (Shofu) restorative material. Bovine incisors were mounted in self-cured resin, and the facial surfaces were prepared with 600-grit SiC paper. After dentin surface pretreatment with dentin primer, experimental bonding agents were applied to the dentin surface and bonded with resin composite. Ten samples per test group were stored in 37 degrees C water for 24 h, then shear tested at 1.0 mm/min. The temperature change of the bonding agent was monitored during the exthothermic polymerization reaction according to the method of ISO standard #4049. The peak temperature and the time required to reach peak temperature were recorded. RESULTS: Bond strength to dentin and the temperature change were greatly affected by the filler level. Maximum dentin bond strength (14.3 +/- 2.3 MPa) was obtained with a filler level of 10 wt% and decreased with filler level higher than 30 wt% (10.4 +/- 1.7 MPa - 5.3 +/- 2.6 MPa). Peak temperature decreased and the time required to reach peak temperature increased with the higher filler levels. There were strong correlations between the bond strength and temperature change of experimental bonding agents. SIGNIFICANCE: The initial setting behavior of bonding agents containing filler particles may be one of the important factors influencing dentin bond strength. When bonding agents with filler particles are used, it is important to determine if optimum filler levels exist in order to optimize the dentin bond strength.
Analysis of Variance↗
Distributions of nitropyrenes and mutagenicity in airborne particulates collected with an Andersen sampler.
Distributions of 1,3-dinitropyrene (1,3-DNP), 1,6-DNP, 1,8-DNP, 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) and mutagenicity in airborne particulates collected in downtown Kanazawa, Japan with an Andersen high-volume air sampler were examined. Mutagenicities of benzene-ethanol extract from particulates were determined by the Ames test using S. typhimurium strains without S9 mix, while concentrations of DNPs and 1-NP were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using chemiluminescence detection. In the finest particulate fraction (smaller than 1.1 microns), 68% and 75% of the total mutagenicities were observed in TA98 and YG1024 strains, respectively. In the same fraction, 65-82% of three DNPs as well as 84% of 1-NP were observed. Mutagenic contributions of 1,3-DNP, 1,6-DNP, 1,8-DNP and 1-NP in the extract were respectively 0.6, 1.2, 1.8 and 1.6% in the TA98 strain, and 2.5, 5, 9 and 2.1% in the YG1024 strain.
Air Pollution↗
Rabphilin-3A binds to a M(r) 115,000 polypeptide in a phosphatidylserine- and Ca(2+)-dependent manner.
Rabphilin-3A is a putative target protein for Rab3A/Smg 25A, which is a member of the Ras-related small GTP-binding protein and implicated in neurotransmitter release from the synapse. Rabphilin-3A is composed of two functionally different domains: the N-terminal Rab3A-binding and the C-terminal phosphatidylserine- and Ca(2+)-binding domains. The C-terminal domain has two copies of an internal repeat that are homologous to the C2 domains of protein kinase C, synaptotagmin, and phospholipase A2 and C-gamma 1, which are known to bind phosphatidylserine and Ca2+. In this study, we attempted to identify the Rabphilin-3A-interacting molecule in bovine brain by use of an overlay assay technique. The 32P-labeled C-terminal fragment of Rabphilin-3A (281-704 amino acids) bound to a protein molecule with a M(r) of about 115 kDa which was immobilized on a nitrocellulose sheet. This protein was highly purified and characterized. The binding of the 32P-labeled C-terminal fragment to this protein was dependent on both phosphatidylserine and Ca2+, and inhibited by an excess amount of the C-terminal fragment and the C2 domain fragment (396-704 amino acids) but not by the N-terminal fragment (1-280 amino acids). These results indicate that Rabphilin-3A binds to a protein molecule with a M(r) of 115 kDa through the C2 domain in the presence of phosphatidylserine and Ca2+.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
Effect of carbachol on the release of peptide YY from isolated vascularly and luminally perfused rat ileum.
Possible cholinergic control on the release of PYY from intestine into the lumen or blood vessel was studied by radioimmunoassay in the isolated perfused rat ileum. The basal release of PYY into the lumen was 43.1 +/- 8.9 pg/min, which was comparable with that into the vasculature (35.2 +/- 2.6 pg/min). The administration of 1 microM carbachol into the vascular perfusate resulted in a more than 40-fold increase of the luminal release but only a twofold increase of the vascular release. Carbachol-induced release of PYY into both lumen and vasculature was completely blocked by atropine, but not by hexamethonium. Tetrodotoxin abolished carbachol-induced release of PYY into lumen and vasculature. These data suggest that the ileal PYY release, into either lumen or vasculature, is under the control of postganglionic cholinergic neurons via muscarinic receptors.
Analysis of Variance↗
Influence of light irradiation of dentine primers on dentine-resin bond.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of light irradiation of dentine primers that contain camphoroquinone (CQ) on the shear bond strength to dentine and their contact angle. METHOD: Three dentine bonding systems which contain CQ, Imperva Bond, OptiBond and XR-Bond; and Light Bond, which does not contain CQ, were employed. Labial surfaces of freshly extracted lower bovine incisors were ground with no. 600 grit SiC paper. Dentine primers were applied to the dentine surfaces in two groups, irradiated and non-irradiated. A shear bond strength test was performed and the direct contact angle was measured. RESULTS: Statistical analysis (Newman-Keuls multiple comparison P < 0.05) of the data indicated that light irradiation of the dentine primer for systems containing CQ resulted in increased bond strength and decreased contact angle. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that for these dentine bonding systems containing CQ in their primers, light irradiation of the dentine primer is effective in improving wettability and increasing the bond strength to dentine.
Analysis of Variance↗
DNA sequence and site of mutation of the GABA receptor of cyclodiene-resistant red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum.
Using polymerase chain reactions (PCR) on cDNA, the DNA sequence of a membrane spanning region of a GABA receptor of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum was identified. The deduced amino acid sequence indicates that its basic structure is similar to the GABA receptor of Rdl type subunits of Drosophila melanogaster and of Blattella germanica. Particularly conserved are M1, M2 and M3 segments. Within this 146 amino acid stretch, the GABA receptor from the red flour beetle differed from corresponding ones from Drosophila and Rdl subunit of B. germanica by 12 and eight amino acids, respectively. By using an identical approach, the corresponding DNA region was sequenced from the cDNA of a cyclodiene-resistant strain of T. castaneum. While two points of mutation were found only one mutation in DNA was found to result in an amino acid shift. The site of mutation was at the 5th amino acid of the M2 cylinder where G to T conversion of the GCT codon resulted in a conversion of alanine to serine. This is qualitatively the same mutational switch of alanine to serine in resistant strains previously reported to have occurred in cyclodiene-resistant Drosophila melanogaster, Aedes aegypti and Blattella germanica, indicating that this amino acid change is the likely cause for evolution of the nerve insensitive type of resistance to cyclodiene insecticides.
Alanine↗
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of brain in congenital myotonic dystrophy.
Volume selective proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of brain was performed on a 1.5 T magnet in 5 patients with congenital muscular dystrophy and compared to the results in 46 healthy children and 1 healthy adult. Peaks of N-acetyl aspartate, choline, and creatine but not lactate, were observed in both groups on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Spectroscopy of controls revealed an increase with advancing age in the ratio of N-acetyl aspartate/choline and N-acetyl aspartate/creatine and a decrease in the choline/creatine ratio. In patients with congenital myotonic dystrophy, the N-acetyl aspartate/choline ratio did not increase with advancing age, but the N-acetyl aspartate/creatine ratio did. The choline/creatine ratio decreased with advancing age, which matched the results of controls. At any age older than 4 years, the N-acetyl aspartate/choline and N-acetyl aspartate/creatine ratios were lower in patients with congenital myotonic dystrophy than in controls. The choline/creatine ratio did not differ between congenital myotonic dystrophy and controls. These results suggest that in patients with congenital myotonic dystrophy N-acetyl aspartate decreases and there exists a developmental disorder of neurons in brain.
Adolescent↗
Reduced N-acetylaspartate in the brain observed on in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with mental retardation.
Volume-selective proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of the brain was performed with a 1.5T magnet in 28 patients with unclassified mental retardation (MR) and in 25 age-matched healthy children. Peaks of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), and creatine (Cr), but not of lactate, were observed in both groups on 1H-MRS. In all our subjects of this age range, 1H-MRS revealed an increase with advancing age in the ratio of NAA/Cho (P = .0031), but no developmental change in the NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios. The NAA/Cho ratio was lower in patients with MR than in controls (P = .0016). The NAA/Cr ratio tended to be lower in the MR group, and the Cho/Cr ratio did not differ between patients with MR and controls. These results suggest that in patients with MR, NAA decreases and a disorder and/or dysfunction of neurons in the brain exists.
Adolescent↗
Vascular affinity of trandolapril.
This article discusses the pharmacologic basis on which trandolapril exhibits a more potent and longer-lasting antihypertensive effect than its chemical prototype enalapril. Our studies have shown that 1) trandolapril and its active metabolite trandolaprilat are more lipophilic than enalapril and its active diacid enalaprilat; 2) trandolaprilat is three times more potent than enalaprilat in vitro; and 3) trandolapril is 10 times more effective and longer-acting than enalapril in lowering the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats. The long duration of action of trandolapril can be attributed to its long-lasting inhibition of the vascular tissue angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). The long action onto the vascular tissue ACE may be due to the high lipophilicity of trandolapril which may increase its tissue penetration and its elimination half-life from the tissue, and the unique nature of the vascular tissue which, unlike the other tissues, does not respond to trandolapril with the induction of de novo ACE that may counteract the ACE inhibition. These data imply that trandolapril is a potent ACE inhibitor with distinctively long action, which might be a result of its vascular tissue affinity and the lack of any ACE inducing ability of the vascular tissue.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
Construction of a morphological filter for detecting an event-related potential P300 in single sweep EEG record in children.
A morphological filter for single sweep records of event-related potential (ERP) obtained in an auditory oddball paradigm, especially P300 waveform, was constructed. By combining four basic operations; erosion, dilation, opening and closing, we could derive a desired filter whose properties fit the current objectives. The morphological filter for the single sweep records of ERP was constructed by taking into account the features of the signal and noise components. The morphological filter had superior properties for distinguishing the signal from the noise even when both were within the same frequency band, as in case of children. The constructed morphological filter was evaluated by using the simulation data of ERP and then applied to the actual ERP data obtained from nine normal children. The constructed morphological filter was proved to be an appropriate tool for single sweep analysis of ERP.
Adolescent↗
Dimeric chemotactic peptides discriminate between chemotaxis and superoxide production of human neutrophils.
A series of dimeric fMLPs were synthesized by cross-linking with hydrophilic linkers, mono-, di-, tri-, and tetraethylene glycols. All of the dimers showed higher activities than monomeric fMLP in chemotaxis assays for human neutrophils. The magnitude of the activity enhancement was dependent on the linker length. On the other hand, production of superoxide anion was not as enhanced as chemotaxis. The experimental results indicate that these dimers, especially the triethylene glycol-bridged fMLP dimer, D-fMLP-G3, are selective agonists for chemotaxis. In order to distinguish between biological activities and intracellular signaling, rapid mobilization of the intracellular calcium was also measured. D-fMLP-G3 strongly enhanced the calcium mobilization. These results suggest that chemotaxis was correlated with the increase of the intracellular calcium concentration, whereas NADPH oxidase was not activated to generate superoxide by this elevation of cytoplasmic calcium caused by the dimeric ligand, D-fMLP-G3. The dimeric fMLPs might act as useful ligands for studying the intracellular signaling mechanisms of human neutrophils.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Mapping of angiotensin II receptor subtypes in peripheral tissues of spontaneously hypertensive rats by in vitro autoradiography.
1. The regulation of angiotensin II (AII) receptor subtypes was studied in peripheral tissues of 20 week old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. 2. AII receptor binding was determined by a quantitative in vitro autoradiography using [125I]-[Sar1,Ile8]AII as a ligand on the kidney, adrenal gland, thoracic aorta and heart. CV-11974, a specific AT1 receptor antagonist, and CGP42112B, a specific AT2 antagonist, were used in competition with [125I]-[Sar1,Ile8]AII to differentiate AT1 and AT2 receptor binding. 3. The relative abundance of each subtype was very similar between SHR and WKY rats. In both strains of rats, the adrenal cortex contained predominantly AT1 receptors, while AT2 receptors predominated in the adrenal medulla. The kidney contained exclusively AT1 receptors over glomeruli, proximal tubules and outer medulla. AT1 receptors were predominant in the thoracic aorta and heart. 4. As for relative receptor density, important differences were observed between SHR and WKY rats. In SHR, the adrenal cortex, outer medulla of the kidney, and heart displayed higher AT1 receptor density than WKY rats. 5. These results indicate that the expression of AT1 receptors is differently regulated in some important targets of AII in SHR, and suggest that the altered regulation of AT1 receptor presented in this study should be relevant to the pathophysiological features of SHR.
Adrenal Glands↗
Developmental brain changes investigated with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Volume-selective proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of the brain was performed with a 1.5 Tesla magnet in 47 healthy children and in six healthy adults. Peaks of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho) and creatine (Cr) were observed in all cases, but a lactate peak was not observed. In the right parietal region. 1H-MRS revealed increases in the rations of NAAJCho and NAA/Cr and a decrease in Cho/Cr with advancing age. The most rapid changes were noted between one and three years of age. 1H-MRS of the right frontal region also was performed in 21 cases (20 children and one adult). In the right frontal region, there was an increase in the ratio of NAA/Cho and a decrease in Cho/Cr with advancing age, while a developmental change was not observed in the ratio of NAA/Cr. The ratios of both NAA/Cho and NAA/Cr were lower in the right frontal region than in the right parietal region. These results show that developmental changes and regional variation of metabolites are observed in 1H-MRS of the brain, and need to be considered in its application.
Adolescent↗