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Biomedical subjects

M Miyata

Publications and source records attributed to M Miyata.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Role of bile and trypsin in the release of cholecystokinin in humans.

The influences of (a) intraluminal bile deficiency due to common bile duct obstruction and (b) intraduodenal administration of pooled own bile and bovine trypsin on the plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) response to oral fat (Lipomul) ingestion were investigated in seven patients with periampullary tumors and 10 healthy volunteers. Basal and fat-stimulated plasma CCK levels in the patients were significantly higher than in the normal controls. Intraduodenal administration of pooled own bile at a rate of 100 ml/h significantly suppressed both basal and fat-stimulated CCK secretion. Simultaneous administration of pooled own bile (100 ml/hr) and bovine trypsin (600 mg/hr) caused further significant suppression of fat-stimulated CCK secretion compared with that under bile infusion alone. These results indicate that both intraluminal bile and trypsin exert a negative feedback effect on the release of CCK in humans.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

RAPD analysis of Aeromonas salmonicida and Aeromonas hydrophila.

The randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to analyse the genetic differentiation of 13 strains of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, and seven strains of Aer. hydrophila. Reproducible profiles of genomic DNA fingerprints were generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a single randomly designed primer. The RAPD profiles of all the non-motile aeromonads, Aer. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida were identical. However, profiles of the motile aeromonads, Aer. hydrophila differed between isolates. These findings reveal genomic homogeneity in Aer. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and genetic variety in Aer. hydrophila strains.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1995

Association of primary sclerosing cholangitis, thymoma and hypogammaglobulinemia.

A 64-year-old Japanese woman with thymoma has been suffering from diarrhea and increased alkaline phosphatase levels without jaundice. Her serum immunoglobulin levels of IgM and IgG were less than half of the normal levels, with an increase in CD8 (suppressor/cytotoxic) T cell percentage and a decrease in CD4 (helper) T cell percentage, resulting in a lower CD4/CD8 ratio of 0.31. These immunological features are in accordance with those of hypogammaglobulinemia complicating thymoma. Cholangiography and a liver biopsy specimen disclosed the presence of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). PSC has been recognized in various immunodeficiency syndromes and this case shows that thymoma complicated by hypogammaglobulinemia is associated with PSC.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1995

Syngeneic small-bowel grafting increases susceptibility to lethal graft-versus-host disease in the rat.

The rat model has been used to present evidence of the effect of surgical damage on the immune system. Syngeneic small bowel transplantation (SBT) has been used to show an increased incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) as well as thymic atrophy and altered host T cell proliferative response. Syngeneic auxiliary SBT was carried out between (LEW x BN)F1 hybrids. Varying amounts of LEW mesenteric lymphocytes were injected into the last animals to induce GVHD. Results showed that in the SBT recipients the incidence of lethal GVHD was increased when compared with untreated or sham-laparotomy controls. Marked thymic atrophy was also observed, while the number of hepatic lymphocytes increased transiently. Lymphocyte proliferation in response to concanavalin A or interleukin-2 was impaired for up to 21 days postoperatively, whereas the mixed lymphocyte reaction reactivity was not affected. These results show that the number and proliferative activity of thymic T cells were impaired after major small bowel transplantation surgery and that extrathymic lymphocytes were developed in the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Pulmonary hypertension in rats. 1. Role of bromodeoxyuridine-positive mononuclear cells and alveolar macrophages.

The role of activated cells determined by staining with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and the role of alveolar macrophages as a source of cytokines were investigated in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) in rats. BrdU was mainly incorporated by mononuclear cells; their number increased strikingly prior to the development of PH. Cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor were produced during the development of PH. The amount of IL-6 showed significant correlation (p < 0.05) with the number of BrdU-positive cells, which, in turn, correlated with the extent of PH. These results indicate that BrdU-positive cells and cytokines produced by alveolar macrophages may play an important role in the pathogenesis of MCT-induced PH in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Pulmonary hypertension in rats. 2. Role of interleukin-6.

We administered human interleukin (IL)-6 to rats to examine whether it is implicated in the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The rats injected with IL-6 developed PH as determined by the weight ratio of the right ventricle to the left ventricle+septum. This ratio decreased with the appearance of IgG anti-human IL-6 antibody. Histologically we observed in the lungs, luminal occlusion of small muscular arteries, capillaries filled with fibrin thrombi, and localized hemorrhage. IL-6 increased the number of platelets, and the number of platelets correlated with the extent of PH. Thus, it seems likely that (IL-6) is involved in the formation of PH in this model.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Streptococcus-mutans-induced nephritis in rabbits: rheumatoid factors and nephritogenicity.

The pathogenesis of streptococcus-induced nephritides (SIN) involves immune complex-mediated inflammation; however, specific mechanisms are still poorly understood. Using preparations of two strains of Streptococcus mutans (SM) in attempts to induce SIN in rabbits, one preparation was strongly and the other virtually not nephritogenic. The non-nephritogenic preparation provided a negative control for our studies. Streptococcal components were present in circulating immune complexes (CIC) as well as in tissue-bound immune complexes (TIC), especially early in the disease. CIC and TIC also contained rheumatoid factors (RF), which tended to predominate in late stages of the disease. The nephritogenic and the non-nephritogenic preparations of SM shared the same major tissue-binding components and induced similar titers of antimicrobial antibodies, but differed significantly in their ability to induce CIC and RF. It is proposed that kidney-binding microbial components, antimicrobial antibodies and high serum concentration of RF are necessary and sufficient determinants for the pathogenesis of SIN in this rabbit model.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Hepatitis C virus infection and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in Japan.

The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was determined in 146 adult patients with various types of glomerulonephritis and renal diseases monitored between 1990 and 1993. Serum HCV antibody (HCV Ab) was evaluated, and positive cases were tested for HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. HCV infection was present in 1 (1.7%) of 58 cases of immunoglobulin A nephropathy, 0 (0%) of 14 cases of lupus nephritis, 0 (0%) of 12 cases of minimal change nephrosis, and 0 (0%) of 28 cases of other renal diseases, which is similar to the 2% prevalence observed in healthy blood donors in Japan. In contrast, HCV Ab was observed in 2 (8.3%) of 24 cases of membranous nephropathy and 6 (60%) of 10 cases of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) Type I. The prevalence of HCV infection in MPGN patients was significantly higher than the frequency of HCV infection observed in the other patients with renal diseases (P < 0.001). HCV RNA was present in all cases in which HCV Ab was present. The six patients with HCV-MPGN were similar to the four patients with idiopathic MPGN with respect to age, presence of nephrotic syndrome, and renal dysfunction, but had a higher incidence of liver dysfunction, cryoglobulinemia, rheumatoid factor, and hypocomplementemia (low C3). HCV infection is present in a large percentage of patients with MPGN in Japan and clinically may differ slightly from other cases of MPGN.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)-CREST (calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysfunction, sclerodactyly and telangiectasia) overlap syndrome complicated by Sjögren's syndrome and arthritis.

A 36-year-old woman with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)-CREST (calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysfunction, sclerodactyly and telangiectasia) overlap syndrome complicated by Sjögren's syndrome and arthritis is reported. She had suffered from Raynaud's phenomenon, sclerodactyly, morning stiffness, arthralgia and sicca symptoms since 34 years of age. She exhibited an increased level of alkaline phosphatase and hyperglobulinemia at 2.8 g/dl without any symptoms, and histological findings from the biopsy specimen of the liver were consistent with those of PBC. Her human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing was DR8 homozygous.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Retroperitoneal approach for lumbar lateral meningocele--case report.

A 29-year-old female with neurofibromatosis presented with a right lumbar lateral meningocele. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed a huge right retroperitoneal cyst expanding anterolaterally and displacing the right kidney. CT following myelography disclosed the cyst expanding through a wide defect of the right pedicles of the T-12 and L-1 vertebrae. The cyst was resected through a retroperitoneal approach with right flank oblique incision. Postoperatively, cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred, which improved after lumboperitoneal shunt. Careful screening for lateral meningocele, including the lumbar region, should be undertaken in a patient with neurofibromatosis who presents with vertebral anomalies.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Infrared/video ENG recording of positional nystagmus in subjects with peripheral vestibular disease.

We performed simultaneous infrared/video and electronystagmorgraphy (ENG) recordings of eye movements in 417 patients with disequilibrium. Of that number, 54 patients with the following two criteria participated in this study: verified diagnosis of peripheral vestibular disease and the presence of positional nystagmus recorded by ENG and an infrared/ video recording system. Although horizontal nystagmus was the most common, torsional, vertical and oblique nystagmus were also demonstrated in these patients. The most striking finding was the high incidence of oblique nystagmus closely related to a significant right-left difference of the caloric response in benign positional vertigo.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Secretion of gastric inhibitory polypeptide in patients with bile duct obstruction.

BACKGROUND: The direct contribution of bile to gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) release and the role of bile in regulating GIP secretion in response to fat ingestion are still obscure. The present study was aimed to clarify the influence of bile on GIP release. METHODS: Seven patients with obstruction of the common bile duct and nine volunteers participated in the study. Fifty milliliters of Lipomul was ingested, and GIP was measured serially for 180 min. After intraduodenal instillation of pooled autologous bile for 2 days, the same study was carried out. RESULTS: The fat-stimulated GIP response was significantly lower in the patients than in the controls. The basal GIP level did not change on bile instillation, but the GIP response to fat ingestion was significantly increased on bile instillation compared with that in the absence of bile. CONCLUSIONS: Intraluminal bile alone does not stimulate the secretion of GIP, but it promotes GIP secretion in response to fat ingestion.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A case of psychological non-neuropathic bladder successfully diagnosed by continuous monitoring of detrusor pressure].

We report a case of psychological non-neuropathic bladder difficult to diagnose and treat. A 44-year-old woman was admitted to the Department of Urology of the Asahikawa Medical College Hospital with complaints of difficulty in micturition and urinary incontinence. Urodynamic studies revealed underactive function of the detrusor and incompetent urethra. She was instructed in self intermittent catheterization for difficulty in micturition. Drug therapy, electrical stimulation and vesicourethral suspension were not effective to control urinary incontinence. Since uninhibited detrusor contraction was elicited by psychogenic stress during continuous monitoring of the detrusor function, she was diagnosed as psychological non-neuropathic bladder closely related to psychogenic factor. She had a careful counselling and medical treatment designed by her psychiatrist, urinary incontinence was remitted in about one year and a half.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Lung cancer manifested as cardiac tamponade: a case report].

A case of lung cancer manifested as cardiac tamponade was reported. A 64-year-old male had anterior chest pain and dyspnea. A chest X-ray films showed an enlarged heart with a solitary round shadow in the left lung hilus. Echocardiogram disclosed a large amount of pericardial effusion. Emergency pericardiectomy with drainage was accomplished. The patient lived for 8 months without effusion accumulation. Histologically adenocarcinoma of the lung with prominent lymph nodes metastases was disclosed. Surgical decompression such as pericardiectomy or pericardial fenestration is a valuable selection in the treatment of pericardial effusion and tamponade.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Bone mineral density of the radius in patients with rheumatoid arthritis measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry].

Bone mineral density (BMD) of the radius was measured in 181 female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 255 control subjects using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The BMD of RA patients was assessed according to patients' age and menopause and was compared with age-matched controls for various activity factors of RA and duration of the disease that might correlate with BMD. At stages I and II of premenopausal RA, generalised osteoporosis was not observed. At stages III and IV, the BMD decreased considerably in premenopausal RA patients at age of 45 years or older. There were significant correlations between the BMD of postmenopausal RA and all factors examined, many of which did not affect premenopausal RA. These results suggest that osteoporosis of female patients with RA is influenced only slightly by the disease itself, but it is secondary osteoporosis induced by decreased activities of daily living due to RA.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1995

[Successful resection and repair of the superior vena cava and right atrium in a patient with invasive thymoma].

A 45-year-old female, who suffered from Superior Vena Cava (SVC) syndrome, was diagnosed as invasive thymoma by means of trans-sternal aspiration cytology (TSAC). After preoperative radiotherapy and two courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, she underwent radical tumor resection combined with partial resection of both SVC and the right atrium followed by pericardial patch repair under the cardiopulmonary bypass. Complete resection is the most important procedure for the therapy of invasive thymoma, even if the tumor is in advanced stage invading to large vessels such as SVC. As far as our knowledges are concerned, complete resection of invasive thymoma combined with partial resection of the right atrium is very rare. Our case shows that partial resection of the right atrium is not risky operative procedure, if the invaded lesion of the right atrial wall is localized at the antero-lateral side to which the sinus node and the conducting system is not close. And we chose pericardial patch repair for the large defect of SVC. This patch repair was good method in this case because the blood flow through the Azygos vein was well maintained. We would also like to emphasize that TSAC is useful diagnostic procedure for the mediastinal mass lesion to which transcutaneous aspiration using the ultrasound or CT scan as a guide is impossible.

Female↗
PubMed1995

[Visual function analysis of diabetic retinopathy using a contrast sensitivity analyser and usefulness of nicardipine hydrochloride].

Contrast sensitivity was measured in patients with mild diabetic retinopathy using a contrast sensitivity analyser on a personal computer to evaluate visual function. The effect of nicardipine hydrochloride for visual function in mild diabetic retinopathy was also evaluated. Suppression of contrast sensitivity in a comprehensive band of spatial frequency was seen in the patients with normal visual acuity. Apparent improvement of contrast sensitivity was seen in the patients after 3 months of nicardipine hydrochloride treatment. It became clear that even if patients with mild diabetic retinopathy have normal visual acuity, measurement of contrast sensitivity is very important to evaluate the visual function. We also found that nicardipine hydrochloride is effective in treating the impairment of visual function in patients with mild diabetic retinopathy.

Adult↗