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Biomedical subjects

M Miyao

Publications and source records attributed to M Miyao.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Clinical study on sulbactam/ampicillin in the pediatric field].

A combination drug of sulbactam/ampicillin (SBT/ABPC) was intravenously administrated to 18 patients with ages 3 months to 10 years 10 months with various acute infections including 14 cases of pneumonia, 1 case each of tonsillitis, subacute bacterial endocarditis, empyema and suspected sepsis. Clinical responses were excellent in 14 cases and good in 4 cases. Bacteriological responses of 8 isolated strains were: 7 strains were eradicated and 1 strain was decreased. No side effect was observed in any case. Eosinophilia was observed in 2 cases, thrombocytosis in 2 cases, elevation of GOT in 1 case and elevations of GOT and GPT in 1 case. From the above results, it seemed that SBT/ABPC was a useful drug for the treatment of bacterial infections in the pediatric field.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[Magnetic resonance imaging of intracranial lesions of tuberous sclerosis].

Six patients with tuberous sclerosis were evaluated with computed cranial tomography (CCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results were assessed in comparison with the clinical severity of the disease. The brain lesions were shown by MRI as low-signal areas on IR images (T1 weighted sequences) and high-signal areas on SE images (T2 weighted sequences) Three patients, who had severe psychomotor retardation (DQ less than 70) and intractable epileptic seizures following infantile spasms, had many cortical and subcortical lesions. In the other three patients, intelligence was normal or slightly retarded (DQ or IQ greater than 70) and epileptic seizures were well controlled, and small subependymal lesions were observed. Cortical lesions were rare. These results indicate that MRI can detect more precisely intracranial lesions in tuberous sclerosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Correlation between vibration-induced white finger and symptoms of upper and lower extremities in vibration syndrome.

The correlation was investigated between the frequency of attacks of vibration-induced white finger (VWF) and numbness or coldness of the fingers and legs in patients with vibration syndrome. Some 1687 patients with vibration syndrome were examined and of these 342 chain-saw operators and 277 rock-drill operators had no disease other than vibration syndrome. Then subjects were matched by age and period of treatment within three years. In the last analysis, 20 in the VWF "almost everyday" group or in the "never" group, and 40 in the "occasionally" group were selected from the chain-saw operators, and from the rock-drill operators 32 in the VWF "everyday" or the "never" group and 64 in the "occasionally" group. The present study showed that, with the frequency of VWF attacks, patients had a higher prevalence of coldness not only in the fingers but also in the legs. These findings suggest a correlation between the severity of circulatory disturbances of the upper extremities and that of the lower ones in patients with vibration syndrome. Further studies on circulatory disturbances in the leg are required.

Fingers↗
PubMed1988

Detection of pyruvate metabolism disorders by culture of skin fibroblasts with dichloroacetate.

For use in screening for disorders of pyruvate metabolism, a sensitive assay method was developed for measuring the rate of decarboxylation of [1-14C]pyruvate during in vitro culture of skin fibroblasts with dichloroacetate (DCA). The rate of decarboxylation of [1-14C]pyruvate by skin fibroblasts from control subjects increased from 59.6 +/- 13.2 to 97.3 +/- 12.0 nmol/h/mg protein during in vitro culture in medium supplemented with 10 mM DCA for 3 days. In contrast, the rate hardly increased in cells from four of 20 patients with congenital lactic acidosis of unknown cause during in vitro culture with DCA. On day 3 of culture, the values for the four patients did not overlap those of control cells and so these four patients could be clearly distinguished from control subjects. Measurements of the original activity and the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex after activation with a broad specificity protein phosphatase and DCA suggested that in three of the patients the aberration was a disorder in the mechanism for activation of PDH, including deficiency of PDH phosphatase or a mutation of PDH itself, whereas that in the fourth patient it might be a disorder of the mitochondrial transport system for pyruvate. Thus, measurement of the rate of decarboxylation of [1-14C]pyruvate by skin fibroblasts cultured in medium supplemented with 10 mM DCA for 3 days is a useful method for screening for disorders of pyruvate metabolism in cultured skin fibroblasts.

Acetates↗
PubMed1988

Active in situ immune complex glomerulonephritis using the hapten-carrier system: role of epitope density in cationic antigens.

The role of epitope density in cationic antigen was investigated in an active model of in situ immune complex glomerulonephritis (ICGN) using the hapten-carrier system. Trinitrophenol (TNP) was conjugated with variable density to cationic human immunoglobulin (C-HIgG) to yield TNP6.2-C-HIgG (low-valency antigen) and TNP31.3-C-HIgG (high-valency antigen). In rats preimmunized with TNP17.3-bovine serum albumin (BSA), endocapillary proliferative GN with proteinuria developed in rats receiving high-valency antigen. In contrast, no significant abnormalities in renal histology or urinalysis were observed when a low-valency antigen was injected. These results indicate that glomerular injury produced by hapten-specific immune reaction is affected by the number of haptenic groups conjugated to the carrier molecule (epitope density) in active in situ ICGN.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide in patients with congenital heart diseases.

The plasma level of human alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide was measured in healthy children and patients, 1 month to 15 years of age, with congenital heart diseases. Significant increases were found in patients with a ventricular septal defect, tricuspid valve atresia, patent ductus arteriosus, and atrial septal defect but not in those with pulmonary valve stenosis or tetralogy of Fallot. The levels were significantly higher in children with ventricular septal defects (221 +/- 123 pg/mL) or patent ductus arteriosus (124 +/- 38 pg/mL) than in those with atrial septal defects (65 +/- 42 pg/mL) (P less than .01). The increased levels appeared to be correlated with enlargement of the left atrium (r = .85, P less than .01) but not with the right atrial size or the mean right atrial pressure. They were higher in younger than in older healthy infants, but this age difference did not affect the results. These findings indicate that human alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide is released into the circulation in response to chronic atrial expansion in patients with congenital heart disease and may have an important role in volume homeostasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[A clinical evaluation of sultamicillin fine granules in the treatment of meibomianitis].

This study was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and the safety of sultamicillin (SBTPC) fine granules in the treatment of patients with meibomianitis. A dose of 375 mg SBTPC granules was orally given to 10 patients with meibomianitis after each meal, three times a day. The results obtained are summarized as follows. Efficacies were rated as good in 7 cases, fair in 2 and poor in 1 with an efficacy ratio of 70.0%. No side effects were observed throughout the study. The organisms isolated were Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Streptococcus sanguis, and Gram-negative bacteria such as Alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. denitrificans, Alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. xylosoxidans, Xanthomonas maltophilia and Acinetobacter lwoffii. A bacteriological study showed lower MICs of SBTPC than those of ampicillin (ABPC), suggesting that SBTPC has more potent antibacterial activity than ABPC. Such bacteriological activity of SBTPC was well reflected in its clinical efficacy; the drug was effective in patients with infections caused by organisms moderately or highly resistant to ABPC or cefaclor.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Studies on the assessment of neurotoxicity in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis caused a remarkable reduction in the incidence of CNS disease, however there has evolved a growing concern regarding the immediate or late toxicities to the developing CNS. Twenty-eight children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who survived for more than 2 years were examined for the assessment of neurotoxicity induced by CNS prophylaxis and its treatment. The patients were stratified into three groups: Stratum I, prophylaxis with methotrexate; Stratum II, prophylaxis with cranial irradiation with methotrexate; and Stratum III, with CNS leukemia. Once CNS disease developed the sequelae were frequent and severe, due to the elevated methotrexate levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. CNS prophylaxis with intermediate-dose methotrexate was less toxic to the developing CNS than prophylactic cranial irradiation, especially in children under 5 years of age. Electroencephalograms and evoked potentials are likely to find increasing application in defining the CNS sequelae of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children and its treatment. Although the sample size was small, the findings delineate specific areas of neurotoxicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Urinary homocystine levels in a newborn infant with cystathionine synthase deficiency.

A boy with homocystinuria due to cystathionine synthase deficiency was found to have hypermethioninaemia by neonatal blood screening, but was not diagnosed as homocystinuric until 3 months of age because urinary homocystine was not detected by the cyanide-nitroprusside test or on two examinations with a sensitive amino acid autoanalyser. These findings indicate that tests for urinary homocystine should be made repeatedly with an amino acid autoanalyser in newborn infants with hypermethioninaemia until the enzyme defect is identified.

Cystathionine beta-Synthase↗
PubMed1987

Synergistic inhibitory effects of dipyridamole and vincristine on the growth of human leukaemia and lymphoma cell lines.

The effects of combinations of dipyridamole, an effective blocker of the salvage pathway of DNA synthesis, and 8 types of anti-cancer drugs on the growth of human T, B and myeloid leukaemia/lymphoma cell lines in vitro were examined. In combinations, dipyridamole and vincristine (VCR), and dipyridamole and vindesine had synergistic inhibitory effects. Dipyridamole reduced the efflux of VCR from cells and enhanced their VCR accumulation in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of up to 10 microM in the lymphoid cell lines, MOLT-3 and BL-TH, and of up to at least 20 microM in the myeloid cell line, ML-1. Dipyridamole also enhanced the accumulation of VCR in PHA-stimulated and un-stimulated lymphocytes of normal donors, but efflux of VCR was more rapid from normal lymphocytes than from cultured cell lines. It is proposed that combination therapy with dipyridamole plus VCR should be effective in the treatment of leukaemia and lymphoma.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗