Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Miyao

Publications and source records attributed to M Miyao.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Laboratory and clinical studies on aztreonam in the pediatric field].

Laboratory and clinical studies were performed as follows on aztreonam (AZT), a new monobactam antibiotic. Pharmacokinetics Serum concentrations of AZT were measured in 1 patient given 20 mg/kg by intravenous bolus injection. The peak concentration was 100 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes, and T 1/2 was 1.85 hours. Clinical efficacy AZT was administrated intravenously to 10 patients in doses of 59.2-170.7 mg/kg (average 76.1 mg/kg) t.i.d. for 3-8 days (average 5.3 days); 5 with pneumonia, 1 with bronchitis, 1 with lymphadenitis, 1 with sepsis (suspected) and 2 with urinary tract infections. The overall efficacy rate was 80%, i.e., efficacy was excellent in 5, good in 3, fair in 1 and poor in 1. Bacteriological efficacy was excellent, i.e., 4 of 4 Gram-negative strains disappeared. Any clinical side effects and laboratory abnormalities were not observed. The above results suggest that AZT is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric bacterial infections, especially due to Gram-negative bacteria.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Detection of heterozygotes for fructose 1,6-diphosphatase deficiency by measuring fructose 1,6-diphosphatase activity in their cultured peripheral lymphocytes.

The fructose 1,6-diphosphatase activities in peripheral lymphocytes from the parents of a patient with fructose 1,6-diphosphatase deficiency were lower than the mean value of normal controls, but the value of the mother overlapped lower values for normal controls. The fructose 1,6-diphosphatase activities in lymphocytes of normal adults and the parents increased progressively during in vitro culture, but no enzyme activity could be detected in the lymphocytes of the patient even after culture. None of the values for the parents overlapped those of normal controls on either day 5 or 10 of culture. Thus, it seems probable that heterozygotes for fructose 1,6-diphosphatase deficiency can be distinguished from normal individuals by measuring the fructose 1,6-diphosphatase activity in their cultured lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Spinal evoked potentials in normal Japanese infants and children.

The spinal evoked potentials on right peroneal nerve stimulation were recorded with surface electrodes in 58 normal children of 41 weeks to 15 years old. Bipolar recordings were performed. In all subjects, tri- or quadri -phasic potentials with poorly defined initial positive phases were recorded. The latency of the evoked potentials increased progressively from the lumbar to cervical location. The peripheral conduction velocity from the stimulating cathode in the popliteal fossa to the lumbar recording location increased until 4 or 5 years, and then reached a plateau. Spinal conduction velocity between the lumbar and cervical locations increased until 7 years, and then remained constant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

A case of lissencephaly (agyria) syndrome with apnea--polygraphic study.

A 4-month-old infant with lissencephaly syndrome who was diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms and computed tomography experienced four apnea attacks during three polysomnographies. Apnea attacks were of two types. Type I apnea attacks were thought to be sleep apnea. The cause is unknown. Apnea was followed by tonic seizures due to hypoxia. Type II apnea attacks were thought to be epileptic apneic attacks, because they proceeded from the epileptic discharges in the right anterior temporal region (lead of electrooculogram). The origin of Type II apnea attacks was focused in the limbic system.

Apnea↗
PubMed1984

Encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis: a recently described neurocutaneous syndrome.

The authors report a 1-year-old Japanese boy, who was noted to have unilateral alopecia and a cloudy cornea since birth. Additional features included mild spasticity and mental retardation, DQ being 70. A non-communicating cystic lesion was found in the right middle cerebral fossa by metrizamide CT scan, and resection of the lesion by craniotomy revealed an arachnoid cyst. The case was diagnosed as encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis, a recently described neurocutaneous syndrome.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1984

Cytidine 5'-diphosphate reductase and thymidine kinase activities in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes of normal subjects of various ages and patients with immunodeficiency.

The activities of CDP reductase and thymidine kinase in 10(6) to 5 X 10(6) phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocytes isolated from 2 to 5 ml of peripheral blood of individual subjects were measured. The activities of CDP reductase (pmol/h/10(7) cells) and thymidine kinase (nmol/h/10(7) cells) were high in infants, 698 +/- 307 and 64.2 +/- 20.2, constant in subjects of 1-40 years old, 401 +/- 181 and 38.1 +/- 15.3, and low in persons of more than 80 years old, 121 +/- 113 and 22.3 +/- 17.8, respectively. The ratio of thymidine kinase to CDP reductase activity increased with age, indicating that dependency on the salvage pathway of DNA synthesis in lymphocytes increased with age. The activities of CDP reductase and thymidine kinase were reduced in patients with the hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome, congenital cytomegalovirus infection, anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with hyperimmunoglobulin A, Bloom's syndrome, immunodeficiency with hyperimmunoglobulinemia, and Down's syndrome. The clinical symptoms of these diseases seem to be due to impaired DNA synthesis of PHA-stimulated lymphocytes, but the degrees of reduction of enzyme activities were generally greater than that of thymidine incorporation in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effects of dichloroacetate on pyruvate metabolism in rat brain in vivo.

The effects of dichloroacetate (DCA) on the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex and associated changes in the lactate and glucose levels in rat brain were investigated in vivo. The average activities of the active form of the PDH complex in the brain, liver and muscle of starved rats were respectively 0.40 +/- 0.04, 0.07 +/- 0.04, and 0.17 +/- 0.11 mumol/min/g tissue, and amounted to 21, 11, and 16% of the total activity of the complex. Intraperitoneal injection of DCA (125 mg/kg) increased the percentage of the active form of the PDH complex in the brain, liver, and muscle to 107, 40, and 84%, respectively. DCA significantly lowered the lactate and glucose concentrations of the brain and blood. A lower dose of DCA (12.5 mg/kg) also caused significant increase in activity of the PDH complex in the brain, but did not significantly change the lactate or glucose concentration of the brain. These results suggest that DCA crosses the blood-brain barrier reasonably well.

Acetates↗
PubMed1984

Ribonucleotide reductase and thymidine kinase activities in various cultured cell lines derived from hematologic malignancies.

The activities of ribonucleotide reductase and thymidine kinase, and the thymidine incorporation rate were measured in 16 cultured human hematologic malignant cell lines with different cell proliferation rates. Thymidine kinase activity was significantly higher in myeloid and monocytoid cell lines than in other cell lines, but ribonucleotide reductase activity presented as CDP reductase activity was similar in the different cell lines. The ratio of thymidine kinase to CDP reductase activity was high in monocytoid cell lines. A close correlation was found between the cell proliferation rate and CDP reductase activity, but not thymidine kinase activity or the thymidine incorporation rate. The ratio of thymidine kinase to CDP reductase activity was high in slowly growing cell lines and low in rapidly growing cell lines. These results indicate that in cultured human malignant cells a high potential for proliferation may depend mainly on the de novo pyrimidine pathway of DNA biosynthesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Vibration hazards in quarry workers].

Vibration hazards were surveyed in a population of quarry workers using chipping hammers and to a lesser extent, rock drills. Sixty-nine male quarry workers, aged 49.1 +/- 8.7 and exposed to vibration for 16.4 +/- 5.1 years, were surveyed in 1981-82. They were exposed to vibration for about 2-4 hours per days, mainly under a piece-work pay system. They had a high prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon (36.2%) and numbness in upper extremities (53.6%). It is considered that the high prevalence was mainly due to large vibration levels in chipping hammers and rock drills and long daily exposure time. The attacks of Raynaud's phenomenon were found predominantly in the left hand, which held chisels, whereas the restriction of motion in the elbow was predominantly in the right arm which pushed chipping hammers. The same 49 male quarry workers in this population were also surveyed in 1976-77 and the prevalence of their complaints between 1976-77 and 1981-82 was compared. The prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon was the same, but the frequency of the attacks increased between the two periods. The prevalence of other complaints such as numbness, pain and chills in the upper extremities also increased. Between 1976-77 and 1981-82, the prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon, numbness, and pain in the upper extremities increased in the population of quarriers exposed to vibration for above 2.6 hours per day and 200 days per year, or 600 hours per year. On the other hand, the prevalence of these complaints mostly decreased in the population of quarriers with less exposure.

Adult↗