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Biomedical subjects

M Miyamoto

Publications and source records attributed to M Miyamoto.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Molecular cloning of a novel cytokine cDNA encoding the ninth member of the fibroblast growth factor family, which has a unique secretion property.

Glia-activating factor (GAF) is a novel heparin-binding growth factor purified from the culture supernatant of a human glioma cell line. It shows a spectrum of activity slightly different from those of other known growth factors. We have isolated the cDNA which encodes human GAF. A homology search revealed that GAF would be the ninth member of the FGF family, and we therefore call it FGF-9. The human FGF-9 cDNA cloned by using oligonucleotide probes encoded a polypeptide consisting of 208 amino acids. Sequence similarity to other members of the FGF family was estimated to be around 30%. Two cysteine residues and other consensus sequences in family members were also well conserved in the FGF-9 sequence. FGF-9 was found to have no typical signal sequence in its N terminus like those in acidic FGF and basic FGF. Acidic FGF and basic FGF are known not to be secreted from cells in a conventional manner. However, FGF-9 was found to be secreted from cells after synthesis despite its lack of a typical signal sequence. It could be detected exclusively in the culture medium of cDNA-transfected COS cells. The amino acid sequence of proteins purified from culture supernatant of the CHO cell line, which was cDNA transfected and selected as a high producer of FGF-9, showed that no peptides were cleaved from the N terminus except the initiation methionine. The rat FGF-9 cDNA was also cloned, and the structural analysis indicated that the PGF-9 gene is highly conserved. Expression of the FGF-9 gene could be detected in the brain and kidney of the adult rat. Restricted gene expression in organs and the unique secretion nature of the protein suggest that FGF-9 plays a physiological role which differs from those of well-characterized acidic FGF and basic FGF.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Perinatal development of Brunner's glands in the rat: morphometrical study.

Perinatal changes of the Brunner's glands in rats from fetal day 20 through neonatal day 3 were studied morphometrically and electron-microscopically. Percentage volume of secretory granules of the gland cells did not change from fetal day 20 through neonatal day 1 and increased significantly from neonatal days 1-2; this level was maintained through neonatal day 3. Electron-microscopically, the gland cells during the fetal days were rich in free ribosomes. The Golgi apparatus and rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (RER) were poorly developed during fetal days. After birth, however, the cells showed active formation of secretory granules, which was evidenced by well-developed Golgi apparatus, distended RER and accumulation of granules in the apical cytoplasm. Furthermore, light microscopy revealed that strongly PAS-positive material increased for the first time after birth, indicating remarkable formation of the secretory granules. Thus, the present study indicates that the cell of the Brunner's glands become active in secretory granule formation just after birth by responding to ingested material following birth.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Preparation of peptide-carrying microspheres with bioactivity on platelets.

A tetrapeptide RGDS (Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser), which is one of the active sites of cell adhesive proteins, was synthesized according to the solution method and covalently coupled onto monodisperse microspheres. The biospecific activity of the RGDS-carrying microspheres was investigated by measuring the stimulatory effect of the microspheres on platelets. Large and tightly packed platelet aggregation accompanied with drastic ATP release was induced by the RGDS-carrying microspheres. It was confirmed that the specific platelet aggregation was attributed to the activity of the immobilized RGDS by comparison with those induced by other microspheres.

Acrylamides↗
PubMed1993

Patients with Graves' disease who developed insulin autoimmune syndrome (Hirata disease) possess HLA-Bw62/Cw4/DR4 carrying DRB1*0406.

The insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is characterized by the following diagnostic criteria: severe spontaneous hypoglycemia without evidence of exogenous insulin administration, high levels of total serum immunoreactive insulin, and the presence of a high titer of antiinsulin antibody. Just before the onset of IAS, 13 of the 35 (37%) patients with IAS examined in this study had taken methimazole for the treatment of Graves' disease. To investigate the difference between the Graves' disease patients treated with methimazole who developed IAS and other IAS patients, HLA class II genes in both groups were analyzed by serological and DNA typing methods. All 13 patients with Graves' disease who developed IAS possessed a specific allelic combination, Bw62/Cw4/DR4 carrying DRB1*0406, whereas only 1 of 50 Graves' disease patients without IAS had Bw62/Cw4/DR4 (odds ratio, 891; P < 1 x 10(-10)) and carried not DRB1*0406 (odds ratio, 2727; P < 1 x 10(-10)), but DRB1*0405. Of the 22 IAS patients without Graves' disease, 13 had the combination Bw62/Cw4/DR4 carrying DRB1*0406 (odds ratio, 19.0; P < 0.07). Thus, it is highly likely that patients with Graves' disease develop IAS via treatment with methimazole when their Bw62/Cw4/DR4 carry DRB1*0406.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Design and preparation of ethyl cellulose microcapsules of gadopentetate dimeglumine for neutron-capture therapy using the Wurster process.

Microcapsules of hygroscopic, highly water-soluble gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA-DM) for use in preliminary in vivo experiments for neutron-capture therapy were designed. They were prepared with such properties as a particle size small enough to be suspended and injected through a syringe, a negligible release of Gd-DTPA-DM, and a high drug content by means of the Wurster process, a spray coating method using a spouted bed with a draft tube. They were composed of lactose cores of 53-63 microm, an undercoat of ethyl cellulose (EC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a drug-layer of Gd-DTPA-DM, EC and PVP, a waterproof coat and a release-sustaining overcoat of EC and cholesterol (1:1), and a surface treated with hydrogenated egg lecithin. By curing at 110 degrees C for 30 min after mixing with 20% pulverized mannitol powder, the 20% overcoating suppressed the release of Gd-DTPA-DM from 75-106 microm microcapsules to less than 10% for the first 20 min, which was the period required to prepare a suspension, inject it and irradiate the neutron. The microcapsules could be used to confirm that the intracellular presence of Gd is not critical in gadolinium neutron-capture therapy.

Cellulose↗
PubMed1993

Central cholinergic agents. IV. Synthesis and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of omega-[N-ethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)amino]-1-phenyl-1-alkanones and their analogues with partial conformational restriction.

Inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) have been designed based on a working hypothesis of the enzyme's active site. These compounds were tested for their inhibitory activities on AChE and omega-[N-ethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)amino]-1-phenyl-1-alkanones (3) were found to be potent inhibitors. Various analogues of 3 were prepared to study the effect on AChE inhibition of partial restriction of conformation. Compounds with potent AChE inhibition were further evaluated in terms of central selectivity: the ratio of central action (ameliorating effect on scopolamine-induced memory impairment using a T-maze alternation task) to peripheral action.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Idiopathic sclerosing peritonitis in a man.

Idiopathic sclerosing peritonitis (ISP) is a rare condition which has been mainly reported in young adolescent women as a cause of small bowel obstruction. In these patients the small bowel is sometimes encased in a fibrous sac called an "abdominal cocoon". We describe a 62-year-old man who underwent exploratory laparotomy for ascites and abdominal mass. Laparotomy showed 5.4 l of ascites and the entire small bowel was encased in a fibrous sausage-like cocoon. The pathological findings were characteristic of sclerosing peritonitis.

Ascites↗
PubMed1993

[Questionnaire about dental health in new university students].

A questionnaire about dental health was given to 6846 new students in the University of Tokyo. The results were as follows: 1. 5.3% of students had experienced periodontal diseases. The percentage of students with gingival bleeding was 20.7%. 2. Most of the students brushed their teeth 3 minutes at a time, 2 times a day. 3. 11.5% of the students had experienced orthodontic treatments. The percentage of female students was significantly higher than the percentage of male students. 4. 0.9% of the students had experienced TMJ disorders. TMJ symptoms were noted in 9.7%. 5. More than 90% of the students usually chewed on both sides of the mouth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Phenotypic and functional modulation of interleukin-2-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibody.

For effective adoptive cancer immunotherapy, not only killer lymphocytes (cytotoxic T cells or NK cells) but also helper T cells are considered to be beneficial. The conventional culture of human lymphocytes with high-dose of recombinant interleukin -2 (rIL-2) yields a high proportion of killer cells (CD8+ or CD56+ cells) but is usually accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of CD4+ cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (10 ng/ml) in the absence of rIL-2 during the initial 48-hr period of cultivation followed by the addition of rIL-2 (200 Japan reference units/ml) (referred to as anti-CD3-rIL-2) resulted in CD4+ cells expanding 8.0- to 63.3-fold at day 12-14. When PBMC were cultivated with rIL-2 alone, or with rIL-2 together with anti-CD3 initially, CD4+ cells expanded 1.7-6.2- or 5.7-36.9-fold, respectively. The expansion of CD4+ cells from PBMC in the anti-CD3-rIL-2 cultures was enhanced by the addition of anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody at the initiation of cultures (500 ng/ml) (referred to as anti-CD3/anti-CD28-rIL-2) (12.1- to 127.8-fold expansion). The anti-CD3-rIL-2 and anti-CD3/anti-CD28-rIL-2 cultures also demonstrated a lesser expansion of CD3-CD56+ cells (NK cells). The PBMC in the anti-CD3/anti-CD28-rIL-2 cultures showed low cytotoxic activity per cell; however, the cytotoxic activity per total culture was comparable to that of PBMC expanded with rIL-2 alone because of the larger total expansion of the former culture.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Actins↗
PubMed1993

[Successful surgical treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in adults: report of three cases].

Three elderly patients underwent surgery for patent ductus arteriosus successfully. In two patients without calcification of ductus arteriosus, its division through a left thoracotomy was performed. In another patient with massively calcified ductus arteriosus associated with pulmonary hypertension, transaortic patch-closure of the aortic end of the ductus arteriosus was performed under partial cardiopulmonary bypass. All three patients and uneventful postoperative course.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1993

Insulin-like growth factor-I ameliorates transient ischemia-induced acute renal failure in rats.

Acute renal failure in rats was induced by transient occlusion of bilateral renal arteries and veins to investigate whether insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) has an effect on the damaged renal function or not. Administration of IGF-I at 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg by s.c. injection caused a 18.7, 33.0 and 66.5% increase of glomerular filtration rate and 54.8, 61.2 and 84.1% decrease of blood urea nitrogen, respectively, compared with the values in the saline-treated group 2 days after ischemia. Other renal parameters tested such as fractional excretion of sodium, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and tubular reabsorptance of phosphorus which are thought to represent renal function of proximal and distal tubules, respectively, were also improved by IGF-I treatment. A histochemical study also supported these observations. Severe epithelial necrosis of proximal tubules and decrease of brush borders were observed 2 days after transient ischemia in the saline-treated group, whereas marked histochemical alterations were not observed in the IGF-I-treated group. L-NG-nitroarginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase, prevented the improvement of glomerular filtration rate and blood urea nitrogen by IGF-I at 1 mg/kg, suggesting that the ameliorative action on renal function by IGF-I is mediated via nitric oxide, possibly its vasodilating action. These findings provide the first evidence for the efficacy of IGF-I in the model of acute renal failure, suggesting that IGF-I may be useful for the treatment of acute renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1993

[Pulmonary venous obstruction after repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage: report of a case with reoperation].

A 8-month-old infant with Darling' type Ib of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage underwent surgical correction. Common pulmonary vein drained into superior vena cava. Pulmonary venous channel was constructed between orifice of common pulmonary vein and atrial septal defect (ASD) with pericardial baffle drainage. Pulmonary venous obstruction occurred at the site of ASD and pericardial baffle was atrophic. ASD was enlarged and new pulmonary venous channel was reconstructed with EPTFE graft. Post-reoperative clinical course was uneventful.

Female↗
PubMed1993

[A case of epidural hematoma caused by a vacuum extraction without any skull fractures and accompanied by cephalohematoma].

A case of epidural hematoma associated with cephalohematoma caused by a vacuum extraction was reported. Old liquefied hematoma was removed via a small burr hole in the parietal bone at the age of 23 days. No neurological deficits were recognized at the age of 6 months. As the dura mater does not easily detach from the overlying skull in the neonate, it is a very rare occurrence for this to happen as a complication of the use of forceps or in extractions. To our knowledge, only 4 cases of epidural hematoma after vacuum extraction have been reported. The mechanism of the development of an acute epidural hematoma during extraction is reported to be due to direct force to the dura mater and skull induced by negative pressure of a vacuum extraction. In the present case, it seems that negative pressure produced a detachment of the dura mater from the overlying skull. It suggests that examinations including plain craniogram and CT scan should be performed as soon as possible in the neonate with cephalohematoma when they have been delivered by a vacuum extraction.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1993

[Congenital oropharyngeal wall stenosis: a case of difficult endotracheal intubation].

We experienced a case of difficult endotracheal intubation. The patient was a 43 year-old female with congenital oropharyngeal wall stenosis. She was suffering from fibromyoma of uterus and an operation was scheduled under general anesthesia. Her natural voice was nasal. She denied having any respiratory difficulty or difficulty in swallowing. Respiratory function test revealed a low peak flow but the other data were normal. Preceding endotracheal intubation, at laryngoscopy we noticed a stenosis of upper airway because of the web, extending from the middle pharynx to soft palate and its diameter was about 1 cm. Ordinary endotracheal intubation was impossible because of the stenosis. In this case, fortunately we succeeded fiberoptic endotracheal intubation under spontaneous respiration. We conclude that the examination of the pharynx is very important during the perioperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Acute cardiac tamponade in nonpenetrating injury of proximal aorta: report of a case].

A 21-year-old male admitted to the emergency room with multiple traumatic injuries and shock. Although a chest X-ray showed normal in size of cardiac shadow, echocardiography confirmed cardiac tamponade. A median sternotomy was performed and the pericardial space was evacuated of 600 ml of blood and blood clots. Minor bleeding was identified in the proximal aorta, and complete hemostasis was achieved with manual compression and fibrin glue sealing. One month follow-up showed no pseudoaneurysm formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Surgical treatment of ventricular septal defect associated with Down syndrome].

Twelve patients with ventricular septal defect with Down syndrome (Down group) underwent cardiac surgery. As they had pulmonary hypertension (Pp/Ps > or = 0.5), we chose twenty patients who had pulmonary hypertension (Pp/Ps > or = 0.5) with ventricular septal defect without Down syndrome as control group. After cardiac surgery, Pp/Ps in Down group decreased significantly from 0.81 +/- 0.14 to 0.48 +/- 0.25 (p < 0.01). Cardiac index (l/min/m2) between 24 hours after operation was 3.3-3.8 in Down and 4.1-4.8 in control group (NS). Oxygenation index (mmHg) between 24 hours after operation was 211-266 in Down and 230-314 in control group (NS). Eleven out of 12 patients in Down group had good operative result. One patient was complicated with post-operative pulmonary hypertensive crisis. Low output syndrome and death were not encountered in Down group. We were satisfied with operative results and encourage surgical treatment for ventricular septal defect with Down syndrome.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Early regional specification for a molecular neuronal phenotype in the rat neocortex.

The timing of neocortical regional specification was examined using a monoclonal antibody, designated PC3.1, that binds a 29-kDa polypeptide and recognizes a neuronal subpopulation located in the lateral but not dorsomedial neocortex in the rat. When lateral cortical tissue fragments at embryonic days 12 and 16 were maintained in an organotypic culture system, a substantial number of neurons became PC3.1-immunopositive. In marked contrast, considerably fewer, if any, PC3.1-positive neurons were observed in cultures of dorsal cortical tissue. The selective appearance of PC3.1-immunopositive neurons was also observed in dissociated cultures derived from the lateral, but not dorsal, cortical primordium at embryonic day 13 and later. In light of previous reports showing that the interactions between developing neocortical neurons and cortical afferents begin at embryonic day 14 or later, our findings imply that some regional specification occurs well before these interactions and suggest the importance of elements intrinsic to the neocortex in establishing neocortical regional specificity. Furthermore, [3H]thymidine birth-dating experiments revealed that the majority of presumptive PC3.1-immunopositive neurons underwent their final mitosis around embryonic day 15, suggesting that the regional specification events for these neurons occur before their neurogenesis.

Animals↗