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Biomedical subjects

M Miyagi

Publications and source records attributed to M Miyagi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Chemosensitivity of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas using subrenal capsule assay--comparative assay of 5-FU, FT, UFT, and HCFU and immunohistochemical study].

The chemosensitivity of 23 human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (9 pharyngeal, 5 laryngeal, 5 oral cavity, 2 maxillary sinus, 1 salivary gland, 1 cervical esophagus) were examined using subrenal capsule (SRC) assays against 5-FU, FT, UFT and HCFU. Assays adequate for evaluation were obtained in 19 of 23 cases and the averages of tumor size changes on day 6 were, 17.3% for control, -0.8% for 5-FU, 10.3% for FT, -10.4% for UFT and 2.4% for HCFU. Sensitivity rates for each drug were 26.3% for 5-FU, 6.3% for FT, 38.9% for UFT and 11.1% for HCFU. To evaluate the clinical utility of these anticancer drugs, we determined the therapeutic index (TI), the ratio between tumor chemosensitivity and changes in animal body weight as a criterion for toxicity. The mean values of TI were 0.891 for control, 0.989 for 5-FU, 0.944 for FT, 1.054 for UFT and 0.980 for HCFU. UFT showed a greater antineoplastic effect as compared to the other three agents. Immunohistochemical study of the transplanted tumors revealed a specific antigen staining pattern similar to that observed in the original human cancer tissues. Degeneration of tumor tissues in drug-treated animals was also confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. Based on the results obtained from subrenal capsule assays, either by examining tumor size changes or evaluating TI, UFT proved to be the most effective of the 5-FU analogues against human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[YAG laser contact therapy of ovarian endometriosis under laparoscopy].

Thirty-six patients with ovarian endometriosis were treated with Nd:YAG laser contact irradiation under laparoscopic control. Indications for laparoscopy were infertility (n = 20) and dysmenorrhea (n = 16). The laparoscopic procedures so far undertaken in our clinic include: Aspiration of chocolate cyst, removal of ovarian endometriosis, adhesion-lysis, uterine nerve ablation, coagulation of peritoneal endometriosis and irrigation. No complications were seen. After undergoing this procedure, eight of 20 patients achieved pregnancy and 15 of 16 patients obtained pain relief. Serum CA125 levels were significantly decreased postoperatively. We confirmed that contact irradiation with a cone-shaped sapphire probe provides adequate incision and lysis at lower power levels, and that this method is an effective treatment for ovarian endometriosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis].

A 54-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis visited his general practitioner because of fever and cough. Chest X-ray showed an infiltrative shadow in the right lower field. Antibiotic treatment was not effective, and the specimens obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy was not diagnostic. The patient was transferred to our hospital for further examination and treatment. Previously he had been treated with prednisolone in the knee joint for rheumatoid arthritis. Open lung biopsy was performed. The specimen obtained showed bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) histologically. The patient recuperated and the chest X-ray shadow decreased with no therapy except the previous treatment with prednisolone.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1989

[Two case reports of septic shock due to Vibrio vulnificus with liver cirrhosis].

We have recently experienced a case of Vibrio vulnificus septicemia which occurred in a patient with hepatic cirrhosis, and as we were able to give early antibiotic treatment, the patient survived. We would like to report this case here together with another case experienced 2 years ago. Case 1 was a 58-year-old male who was attending our hospital as an outpatient for hepatic cirrhosis. At 5:30 pm on August 8, 1987, he consumed abalone and giant clam and at 9 pm complained of high fever with shaking chills. He was admitted to our department as an emergency case. Cefoperazone was administered resulting in a decline of fever on the following day. During the course of treatment he fell transiently into pre-DIC, but due mainly to the administration of antibiotics his condition was subsided. Case 2 was a 53-year-old male who was under medical care in our hospital for grave hepatic cirrhosis. On October 11, 1985, he consumed sushi and two days later suffered chills and pyrexia. A blood culture revealed Vibrio vulnificus. His condition improved transiently with administration of Cefazolin, but oliguria, hypotension and ascites occurred subsequently, and finally the patient died on the 22nd day.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Bacteriological study of gingivitis in pubertal children. 2. Subgingival microflora cultivable on the nonselective blood agar medium].

The present study involved cultural and microscopic characterization of the subgingival microorganisms of pubertal children with gingivitis. Samples were obtained from eight children 12-14 years of age. Gram-positive organisms made up 56% of the isolates and included mainly Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces naeslundii. Gram-negative anaerobic rods constituted 25% of the isolates and Bacteroides intermedius (9.7%) was most predominant species. The selective media permitted significantly lower recovery of Actinomyces spp. and Capnocytophaga spp. than nonselective blood agar medium. However, sixty-nine percents of isolates were cultured on the selective media employed in the present study. These results suggest that the subgingival microflora of gingivitis in pubertal children may be similar to those of adult gingivitis and that the use of these six selective media makes it possible to enumerate predominant cultivable microorganisms in subgingival area of pubertal children with gingivitis.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1989

Hypocholesterolemic activity of alpha-amylase hydrolysate of bagasse alkaline extract in rats fed atherogenic diet.

Cholesterol-lowering activity of enzymatic hydrolysate of bagasse alkaline extract was studied in rats fed a cholesterol-enriched diet. The bagasse alkaline extract was found to be vulnerable to the enzymic attack of alpha-amylase. Thus the alkaline extract was degraded into two fractions: long-chain fraction (polysaccharides) and short-chain fraction (oligosaccharides). The long-chain fraction was active in lowering the serum cholesterol level while feeding the short-chain fraction resulted in a slightly elevated serum cholesterol level. The feeding by gavege of the long-chain fraction 12 h after the meal also was effective in lowering serum cholesterol concentration. These findings were compatible with the concept that the bagasse alkaline extract affect the cholesterol dynamics apart from input-output balance of cholesterol. Possible mechanisms responsible for the cholesterol-lowering activity of the extract were discussed.

Amylases↗
PubMed1989

[Gastric acid secretions and serum gastrin levels in patients with mucosal and submucosal gastric cancers].

Gastric acid secretions and serum gastrin levels have been examined in 128 patients with early gastric cancer and in 98 gastric ulcer patients. Gastric cancer patients were found to have lower acid secretions than did gastric ulcer patients, and those with elevated types of a differentiated adenocarcinoma had lower acid secretions than did those with depressed types of an undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. Gastric acid secretions in patients with both a gastric ulcer and cancer were found to decrease with aging. However, the serum gastrin levels were found to be decreased in patients with a gastric ulcer and to be increased in patients with a gastric cancer. Incidences of a differentiated adenocarcinoma increased with aging. From these observations, it has been speculated that the carcinogenesis of a differentiated adenocarcinoma may be related to increasing endogenous gastrin levels and decreasing gastric acid secretions. These results suggest that a continuous check of the serum gastrin levels might be a good marker for cancer detection and that gastrin antibodies might be useful for treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Three case reports of relapsing polychondritis and their immunopathological analysis].

Three cases of relapsing polychondritis are reported. They all complained of dyspnea, which derived from tracheal involvement. Other clinical manifestations were saddle nose (3 cases), painful swelling of ear (2 cases), arthralgia (1 case) ophthalmodynia (1 case). The pathological examination of biopsied cartilage of the pinnae showed loss of basophils with cellular infiltration, fibrosis and breakdown of the matrix. We also performed PAP (Peroxidase-Anti-Peroxidase) staining of biopsied cartilage, which showed the deposition of IgG, C3, C4 and fibrinogen. The results suggested that the pathogenesis of RP might be related to the autoimmune mechanism.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Effects of sex hormones on human PMN migration].

It is believed that gingivitis at puberty is exaggerated by alterations of the hormonal balance. We have suggested that estradiol promotes the gingivitis at puberty while progesterone reduces it (J. Hiroshima Univ. Dent. Soc. 19: 1987). But the mechanisms of these hormones which influence gingival inflammation are not known yet. Therefore, we hypothesized that one of the possible mechanisms of sex hormones on gingival inflammation is through their action on polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) function because PMNs play an important role in periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sex hormones on PMNs function, especially their migration in vitro. PMNs and plasma were obtained from heparinized peripheral blood of 23 healthy adults. PMNs were preincubated at 37 degrees C for 15 minutes with progesterone or 17 beta-estradiol at designated concentrations. After preincubation, PMNs migration was measured using 48-well chemotaxis micro-chamber with N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) as chemoattractant. The levels of estradiol and progesterone in the plasma were determined using Direct Radioimmunoassay Kits and the correlation between sex hormone levels and PMNs migration was investigated. PMNs migration to 10(-6) M FMLP was enhanced significantly by progesterone at the concentrations of 200 ng/ml while it was reduced by estradiol at 0.4 ng/ml and 2.0 ng/ml. Random migration of PMNs was enhanced significantly by progesterone at 20 ng/ml while it was reduced by estradiol at 0.4 ng/ml. Significant positive correlation was found between progesterone level in plasma and the PMNs migration in vitro. Estradiol level in plasma did not have any correlation with the PMNs migration in vitro.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cell Movement↗
PubMed1982

Cytologic detection of virus-specific DNA by in situ hybridization in Syrian hamster embryo cells transformed by viral or combined chemical and viral treatment.

A series of simian adenovirus 7 (SA7)-transformed Syrian hamster cell lines that had T antigen and produced tumors in neonatal hamsters were examined by radioautography in conjunction with in situ molecular hybridization to determine the extent to which the viral genome is integrated on specific chromosomes and the consequences of such integration on sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency. No consistent cytological or chromosomal localization of viral DNA in situ hybridization with viral complementary [3H]RNA was detected, even though all lines had an average of one or two viral genomes per cell by molecular hybridization. The SA7 DNA appears to be inserted randomly among the chromosomes and nuclei.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Increased integration of viral genome following chemical and viral treatment of hamster embryo cells.

Treatment of hamster embryo cells with diverse classes of chemical carcinogens enhances transformation by a carcinogenic simian adenovirus, SA7. Virus transformed foci selected from plates pretreated with 3-methyl-cholanthrene (MCA), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) or 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and established as cell lines in culture, contained equivalent amounts of SA7 viral genome. However, hamster embryo cultures treated with MMS or nickel sulfate had increased amounts of SA7 DNA integrated into cellular DNA when examined 2--9 days after chemical treatment and viral inoculation. An increased uptake of SA7 DNA was demonstrated in hamster cells treated with MMS during DNA repair synthesis in cells retricted in scheduled DNA synthesis by amino acid deprivation; addition of virus after the repair period did not result in an increased integration of viral DNA. These data suggest that enhancement of viral oncogenesis by chemical carcinogens or mutagens may be related to the formation of additional attachment sites in cellular DNA for insertion of viral DNA, thereby increasing the probability of viral transformation.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1979

Reverse transcriptase from avian myeloblastosis virus.

From lots of 20 to 30 g of avian myeloblastosis virus RNA-dependent DNA polymerase was obtained in preparations of purity greater than 95% by using a two-step column chromatographic procedure employing DEAE (DE 52) and carboxymethylcellulose (CM 52.). Yields of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase varied from approximately 20,000 to 35,000 U/g of virus. Specific activity of the enzyme was about 35,000 to 60,000 U/mg of protein. Free of detectable RNase activity, the product exhibited a molecular weight of about 160,000, an isoelectric point of 6.5, and approximately 2 mol of fatty acid per mol of enzyme.

Animals↗