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Biomedical subjects

M Minami

Publications and source records attributed to M Minami.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Role of systematic mediastinal dissection in N2 non-small cell lung cancer patients.

The surgical results in patients with non-small cell lung cancer staged as N2 disease were historically analyzed. Twenty-six patients were confirmed to have N2 disease on the basis of histologic study of suspicious nodes without systematic mediastinal dissection (PI group), 50 patients underwent systematic mediastinal dissection (R2 group), and 17 patients had bilateral mediastinal dissection, 4 of whom were N3 positive (R3+ group) and 13, N3 negative (R3- group). The difference in the 5-year survival rate between the PI and R2 groups (8% and 16.3%, respectively) was not significant. All 4 patients in the R3+ group died of recurrence within 14 months after operation. Several findings suggest that some patients with N2 disease, especially those with three or more N2-positive stations, actually have N3 disease: The 3-year survival rate was higher in the R3- group (51.3%) compared with the R2 (32.6%; p = not significant) and PI groups (24%; p = 0.01); in the R2 group, the survival rate was significantly (p = 0.017) better for patients with N2 metastases in two stations or less than in patients with three or more N2-positive stations; and the rate of early postoperative death related to cancer correlated with the number of N2-positive stations. We conclude that accurate diagnosis of N2 and N3 disease, and therefore better evaluation of survival for patients with N2 disease, is possible by bilateral mediastinal dissection.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

In situ hybridization study of interleukin-1 beta mRNA induced by kainic acid in the rat brain.

The distribution patterns of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) mRNA in various brain regions of saline- and kainic acid-treated rats were examined using in situ hybridization technique. In normal rat brain, the signals of IL-1 beta mRNA were observed in the cerebellar Purkinje cells and in dispersed cells in the hypothalamus. In the case of the kainic acid treatment, IL-1 beta mRNA was intensely induced in the olfactory bulb, lateral septum, thalamus, hypothalamus, polymorphic layers of hippocampus, piriform cortex, amygdala, entorhinal cortex and cerebral cortex at 2 h after the injection of kainic acid. In the hypothalamic region, we observed the induction of IL-1 beta mRNA around the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, anterior hypothalamic area, dorsomedial and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, mammillary regions and arcuate nucleus. The signal of IL-1 beta mRNA was still expressed 4 h after treatment with kainic acid, less intensely than at 2 h, but above the control level. In these regions, IL-1 beta mRNA was expressed mainly in the glial cells, which were densely stained by Cresyl violet and did not contain glial fibrillary acidic protein. These results suggest that IL-1 beta is produced by a certain type of glial cells, maybe microglia, and might have regulatory functions in the central nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Postaortic left innominate vein: radiological assessment and pathogenesis.

Postaortic left innominate vein (PALIV) is a rare venous anomaly and the findings on plain chest radiographs have not been well described. Plain chest radiographs, CT and MR of nine adults known to have PALIV were reviewed. They all showed a high aortic arch, including four with a right-sided aortic arch and one with a double aortic arch, in postero-anterior radiographs, and seven showed curved shadows in the left upper mediastinum. On all lateral chest radiographs (n = 5), the superior retrosternal region was opacified by the high aortic arch. CT or MR images confirmed the aortic arch and/or innominate artery to be in that part of the retrosternal space, normally occupied by the left innominate vein, in all cases. Association of a curved shadow in the superior mediastinum with a high aortic arch on plain chest radiographs is therefore suggestive of, though not diagnostic for, PALIV. This entity was well documented by CT or MR and the radiological findings were considered to imply that developmentally PALIV is secondary to a high position of the aortic arch.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Effect of heparin on endothelin-1 production by cultured human endothelial cells.

Heparin shows a blood pressure-lowering effect in various hypertensive rat models. This study was designed to examine the effect of heparin on vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1) production by cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). ET-1 and cyclic GMP levels in the medium were determined by radioimmunoassay. ET-1 mRNA was quantified by densitometric Northern blot analysis. ET-1 was released into the medium in a time-dependent manner, and its release was augmented by thrombin (10 U/ml). Heparin suppressed both basal and thrombin-stimulated ET-1 secretion and its mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner. Heparin suppressed ET-1 mRNA expression in a time-dependent fashion. Heparin did not suppress both basal and thrombin-stimulated ET-1 production in the presence of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) (10(-5) M). The production of cGMP stimulated by thrombin was significantly enhanced by heparin, but not in the presence of L-NMMA (10(-5) M). Heparin may suppress vasoconstrictor ET-1 production mediated by the enhancement of endothelium-derived nitric oxide in HUVECs.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1993

Establishment of human minor histocompatibility antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell clones restricted by HLA-DR9.

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte clones specific for human minor histocompatibility (hmH) antigens were generated in vitro from PBL, of a healthy female donor, which had been repeatedly stimulated with PBL MHC antigens of her healthy, genotypically identical brother (HLA type of the siblings was A11/A2 B35/B62 Cw4/Cw- DR4.2/DR9 DQ3/DQ- DPB1*0102/DPB*0501). Two clones were obtained that had specific killing activity against PBL- or EBV-transformed B cell line (BCL) derived from stimulator, but not from autologous cells. A panel study of the killing patterns of these two clones, using various HLA phenotype BCLs (33 BCLs) generated from healthy donors as targets, revealed that these two clones killed some DR9-bearing BCLs (5 in 20 BCLs), but did not kill the remaining DR9-bearing BCLs (15 in 20 BCLs) or other DR-type BCLs (13 BCLs). Furthermore, the killing activities of these two clones were greatly inhibited by pretreatment of the target stimulator-derived BCL with anti-HLA DR mAb. It was thus concluded that these two clones recognized hmH antigens in HLA DR9 in a restricted manner.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

Functional analysis of TCR gamma delta+ T cells in tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) of human pancreatic cancer.

In six patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma, TIL and tumour-draining lymphocytes (TDL) were isolated from primary pancreatic tumour and regional lymph nodes. In comparison with TDL and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), TIL contained a comparatively higher percentage of TCR gamma delta+ cells, although they were still a small fraction. By 2 weeks culture with rIL-2 and immobilized OKT-3 antibody, the TCR gamma delta+ cells in TIL were preferentially expanded at the early culture periods, although it was temporary. In four cases, the TCR gamma delta+ and CD8+ TCR alpha beta+ TIL were separated by negative sorting using flowcytometry. All the TCR gamma delta+ TIL were CD4-, CD8- (double negative), and one of the TIL lines was mostly composed of delta TCS1+ cells, while the others were delta TCS1-. In comparison with CD8+ TCR alpha beta+ TIL, all the TCR gamma delta+ TIL exhibited much stronger lytic activity against freshly isolated autologous pancreatic cancer cells. However, all the gamma delta+ TIL also exhibited a strong non-MHC-restricted cytotoxicity, and there was no correlation between the lytic pattern and the percentage of delta TCS1+ cells. These data suggest that the TCR gamma delta+ T cells can proliferate vigorously in a certain condition, and if successfully expanded in vitro they might be helpful material for effective adoptive immunotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Cellular autoimmunity to retinal specific antigens in patients with Behçet's disease.

The notion that autoimmune mechanisms play a role in the pathogenesis of certain uveitic conditions in humans is supported by the observation that lymphocytes from such patients respond in culture against retinal specific antigens which are uveitogenic in animals. A large proportion of uveitis patients with Behçet's disease are reported to respond well to S antigen, to interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP) and to several of their uveitogenic peptides, in particular, the S antigen derived peptide M. Patients with Behçet's disease without ocular involvement were reported not to differ in their responses to S antigen from the responses in the control group, yet 35% of them responded to IRBP and approximately two thirds of them responded to the peptides (peptide M, peptide N, R-4, or R-14). The responses were inhibited by monoclonal antibodies to CD4 and to class II MHC HLA-DR molecules. The presence of lymphocyte responses to retinal antigens in patients with Behçet's disease without uveitis might indicate a preclinical stage of ocular involvement. Thus, these data support the idea that autoimmunity to retinal specific antigens may play a role in the ocular inflammation in Behçet's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Antithrombotic effects of BMY21190, an inhibitor of cAMP phosphodiesterase, in a canine model of coronary artery thrombosis.

BMY21190, an inhibitor of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase, has a coronary vasodilating effect. BMY21190 was evaluated for its ability to modify the development of experimental thrombosis resulting from anodal current injury (100 microA for 6 h) of the intimal surface of the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) in anesthetized dogs. Two groups of dogs were studied. One group received BMY21190 (1 mg/kg) and the other group received an equal volume of vehicle infused into the left jugular vein. After a 30 min administration of BMY21190, heart rate and mean coronary blood flow were increased significantly and mean arterial pressure was decreased. However, the myocardial tension of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and LCX areas did not increase significantly after BMY21190 infusion. During LCX stimulation, the first LCX occlusion and hyperemic reaction of the control group both occurred significantly earlier than those of the BMY21190 group. BMY21190 treatment reduced the development of the LCX thrombus mass, as compared to that in the controls. In ex vivo studies, platelet aggregation in response to arachidonic acid, ADP or collagen was inhibited by BMY21190. These results suggest that BMY21190 possesses anti-thrombotic and coronary vasodilating effects which may be mediated through the inhibition of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1993

[Individual differences in sympathetic nervous system responses to white noise stimuli: an investigation by finger plethysmogram].

Possible individual variations in the sympathetic nervous system response to sound stimuli were investigated using the auditory evoked plethysmogram response (AEPGR). This study consists of the following 3 experiments; (EXP1) the sound level-response relationships between white noise at 50, 70, and 90 dB (A) and AEPGRmax as defined below, (EXP2) individual variations of AEPGRmax to white noise at 90 dB (A), and (EXP3) the relationship between the AEPGR pattern and the urinary catecholamine (CA) excretion rate during sleep on the preceding night. The subjects were 35 young persons in (EXP1), and 79 young (18-28 yrs. old) and 35 old (60-83 yrs. old) persons in (EXP2) and (EXP3), respectively. The results were: (1) a good sound level-response relationship between the sound levels of 50, 70, and 90 dB (A) and AEPGRmax was obtained on average; (2) an AEPGRmax of more than 100% in response to the 90 dB (A) white noise was found in about 10% of the subjects, whereas it was below 100% in 90% of them. The time prior to the maximum response in the former case varied from 4.6 to 22.2 sec, which was quite a contrast to that of 3.0-9.0 sec in the latter case; (3) The NE (norepinephrine), E (epinephrine) and DA (dopamine) excretion rates were shown to be significantly higher in the former group in (2) than in the other groups, regardless of adjustment for age, blood pressure and/or ECG findings. Thus, it is suggested that the cardiac response to E secreted from the adrenals due to white noise stimuli was predominant in the former group in (2). Therefore, this response pattern was called the AEPGR "beta type", whereas the other group was designated the "alpha type", since its AEPGR appeared to reflect only vasoconstriction. The suggested individual differences in AEPGR associated with increased night-rest catecholamine secretion were also discussed in relation to their possible relevance to chronic stress, neuroticism and other conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Species- and organ-specificity and expression of 105 kD liver cell membrane glycoprotein antigen during rat development.

Species- and organ-specificity of a rat liver cell antigen recognized by a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) from a hybridoma clone RM-1 was investigated immunohistologically and immunoelectronmicroscopically. In rats, the MoAb reacted specifically with liver cell membrane, but not with other organs tested, including the brain, thymus, heart, lung, stomach, spleen, kidney, small and large intestines, testis and muscle. Furthermore, it was found that liver from the human, monkey, mouse, rabbit, guinea pig, dog, cat, cattle and chicken showed no specific reaction with this MoAb. The results indicated that the antigen was organ- and species-specific and designated as rat liver cell-specific membranous antigen (RLSA). RLSA was expressed scarcely along cell junctions of immature hepatocytes at the 19th day of pregnancy. This increased gradually, and was expressed along all surface membranes after birth.

Aging↗
PubMed1993

Postoperative improvement in blood lactate threshold during exercise in a patient with pulmonary arteriovenous fistula.

A 13-year-old female patient with a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) of 24 percent shunt fraction (SF) underwent resection of segments 8 and 9 of the left lower lobe. Three months after the operation, the shunt became insignificant and PaO2 was normalized. In terms of the maximum work rate, maximum VO2 and the VO2-blood lactate relationship, this patient showed a remarkable postoperative improvement in the exercise capacity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Rises in urinary bicarbonate contents and pH of adult Tokyo citizens.

Urinary bicarbonate has been considered to be negligible, and the pH of urine to be low (around pH 5.5) for these fifty years. It was, however, found that the contents of bicarbonate and pH of the urine of adult Tokyo citizens (435 adults including 148 males and 287 females) substantially increased. The findings may be correlated with increased inhaled amounts of carbon dioxide which finally causes the increase of urinary excretion of bicarbonate, though evidence that the gas accumulates in the atmosphere of Tokyo due to air pollution has not been directly demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The protective effect of 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-[2-(tetrazol-5-yl)- phenyl]-2H-1, 2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide-1, 1-dioxide monosodium salt (HX-1920) on cisplatin-induced toxicity in rats.

The protective effect of 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-[2-(tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl]-2H-1, 2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide-1, 1-dioxide monosodium salt (HX-1920) on the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin was studied in rats. Effects of HX-1920 on antitumor activity and emesis induced by cisplatin were also examined using mice and ferrets, respectively. All 10 rats injected with both HX-1920 and LD50 of cisplatin survived for 14 days. After 24 hr, co-administration of HX-1920 significantly increased the urinary excretion of cisplatin in rats. HX-1920 also significantly inhibited the cisplatin-induced elevation of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, blood urea nitrogen and plasma creatinine concentrations in rats. HX-1920 had no effect on the number of white blood cell. HX-1920 tended to reduce the emesis induced by cisplatin in ferrets. Furthermore, there was no difference in the survival curve between the cisplatin group and the HX-1920 plus cisplatin group in mice inoculated with P 388 leukemia cells. Thus, HX-1920 did not modify the antitumor activity of cisplatin. These results suggest that HX-1920 has a protective effect on the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin without inhibiting its antitumor activity.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1993

Cytotoxicity of dopamine-derived 6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines.

The in vivo effects of dopamine-derived alkaloids, 6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines, salsolinols, and their N-methylated derivatives on a dopaminergic cell model, clonal rat pheochromocytoma PC12h cells, were examined by culture in the presence of various concentrations of the agents. The effects were evaluated in comparison with those by 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline and its N-methylated derivatives. Among 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines, only N-methylisoquinolinium ion had cytotoxic effect on PC12h cells. In general, 6,7-dihydroxyisoquinolines had more potent cytotoxic effect than N-methylisoquinolinium ion, and they reduced protein amounts of PC12h cells at 100 microM and 1 mM concentration. The specific activity of tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine biosynthesis, decreased with these isoquinolines at concentrations lower than those required to reduce the protein amount. The toxicity of N-methylated derivatives seems to be more potent than non-methylated isoquinolines. Salsolinols were proved to be accumulated in the mitochondrial fraction of the cells after 3 days in culture. N-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline depleted ATP from PC12h cells and it was prevented by preincubation with an inhibitor of type-A monoamine oxidase, clorgyline. These results indicate that N-methylated and oxidized derivatives of dopamine-derived alkaloids may be potent dopaminergic neurotoxins similar to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion in the human brain and may induce Parkinson's disease after long years of accumulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Primary mediastinal tumors in children--comparison with mediastinal tumors in adults].

During the past 43 years, 628 patients with a primary mediastinal tumor underwent surgical operation in our institution. Of those patients, 106 patients (16.9%) were children of 15 yr of age or less and 522 patients (83.1%) were adults. 47 (44.3%) of the 106 children had neurogenic tumors, while 21 patients (19.8%) had a teratoma. 189 (36.2%) of the 522 adults had thymoma and 89 patients (17.1%) had teratoma. In the 106 children there were 71 benign tumor patients (66.9%) and 35 malignant tumor patients (33.1%). There were 277 (53.1%) benign and 245 (46.95) malignant tumors in the 522 adults. The adults had significantly more malignant tumors than the children (p < 0.01). In our series of malignant mediastinal tumors in children, 14 patients (13.3%) had a lymphoma and 11 patients (10.5%) had a neuroblastoma. On the other hand, in the adults, 127 patients (24.3%) had a thymoma and 66 patients (12.6%) had a lymphoma. Regarding benign mediastinal tumors, in children, 30 patients (28.5%) had a ganglioneuroma and 19 patients (18.0%) had a teratoma. In the adults, 68 patients (13.0%) had a teratoma and 62 patients (11.9%) had a thymoma. In the clinical manifestation, 51 child patients (48.1%) and 191 adult patients (36.6%) were asymptomatic. As symptoms due to compression or direct invasion to adjacent structures, dyspnea was seen in 16 child patients (15.1%), and chest pain occurred in 59 adult patients (11.3%). Dyspnea was significantly more common in children than in in adults (p < 0.01). Emergency operations were performed in children more than in adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[A new device: a fenestrated sheath for IABP, which reduces the incidence of ischemia in the lower limbs].

To decrease the incidence of ischemia in the lower limbs, we developed a new introducer sheath for IABP, which had 38 side holes (diameter; 1mm). Forty-five patients who received IABP counterpulsation support with this fenestrated sheath were compared with 108 patients in whom the ordinary nonfenestrated sheath was used. There was no significant statistical difference between these two study groups regarding age, height, weight and IABP insertion time. The frequency of ischemic episode of the lower limbs was 2.2% (one out of 45 patients) in the group with the fenestrated sheath, which was significantly lower than those with the ordinary sheath (18 out of 108: 16.7%) (p < 0.005). From these data, we deduced that this fenestrated sheath allowed more blood flow to the lower limb and was thus effective in preventing limb ischemia, particularly in patients with small caliber femoral arteries.

Aged↗