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Biomedical subjects

M Miki

Publications and source records attributed to M Miki.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The analysis of prognostic factors for prostate cancer by multivariate analysis].

Multivariable analysis (quantification method I and II) was used to investigate the relationship between survival rates and prognostic factors. The items studied were age, stage, pathological differentiation, gait disturbance, acid phosphatase and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The data were available for 353 patients for all items. The significance of each item was evaluated in all patients-group, subgroup stratified by their cause of death, and subgroup stratified by their stage. The significance of age and gait disturbance which represent the general condition was proven in all patients, non-cancer death group and stage ABC group. In the cancer death group, stage D group was the most significant as prognostic factor. ESR was the most significant in the stage D group and the significance was gradually increased with the observation time.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Radioaerosol inhalation lung imaging using technegas].

Technegas generator using 99mTc-pertechnetate was tested on 4 normal subjects and 31 patients with various chest diseases including bronchogenic carcinoma, pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and so on. Technegas was inhaled from the RV to the TLC levels through the mouth with the nose clipped followed by breath-holding. Three deep breaths were enough to deposit 37-55.5 MBq (1 to 1.5 mCi) of technegas in the lungs. The average alveolar deposition ratio (ALDR) was 85% and penetration of inhaled technegas to the lung periphery was excellent. "Hot spots" or excessive radioactive deposition were also seen when there was airway obstruction. The former indicated the characteristic as gas and the latter, that as aerosol particles. Because of the large ALDR's the timing for imaging lungs after inhalation of technegas most likely indicated the intrapulmonary sites of effective ventilation, because respective inhalation and perfusion lung images resembled each other very much. The disadvantage of technegas was that it was anoxic right after generation.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

A determination of the radial coordinate of Tyr-69 in F-actin using fluorescence energy transfer.

Fluorescence energy transfer was measured between Tyr-69 residues in an F-actin filament using 5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl chloride (DNS-Cl) as a fluorescence energy donor and 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene-4-sulfonyl chloride (DABSYL-Cl) as the acceptor. Both labels are covalently attached to Tyr-69 residues in an F-actin filament. Taking the helical structure of the F-actin filament into consideration, the radial coordinate of Tyr-69 was calculated to be in the range from 2.0 nm to 4.0 nm.

Actins↗
PubMed1990

[Hypoplasia of tooth in children with inborn errors of metabolism].

For the investigation of the clinical dental manifestations of inborn errors of metabolism, the oral examination of twenty one children aged from 5 months to 15 years 5 months was performed at the pediatric clinic of inborn errors of metabolism. The results were as follows: 1. In six of seven histidinemia patients, white spots, pit or hypoplasia of enamel, fused teeth, peg teeth or abnormal tubercles were observed. 2. In a patient with GM1-gangliosidosis, the upper and lower central incisors had severe white spots. 3. In one patient with osteopetrosis, one of two glycogenosis type IX and one of two homocystinuria patients, white spots or hypoplasia of enamel were observed. 4. One patient with hypophosphatemic vitamin D-resistant ricket, one with vitamin D-dependent ricket type II and one with galactosemia patient had no enamel hypoplasia. It was strongly suggested that there is a specific relationship of histidinemia and GM1-gangliosidosis to dental manifestations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Mucociliary clearance and transport in bronchiectasis: global and regional assessment.

Global and regional mucociliary clearance and transport in the lungs was studied in 20 patients with bronchiectasis by radioaerosol inhalation lung cine-scintigraphy and the quantitative analysis following inhalation of ultrasonically-generated 99mTc-tagged human serum albumin aerosol (mass median diameter; 1.93 microns with geometric s.d. of 1.52). In bronchiectatic lung regions, deposition of inhaled aerosol was diminished or inhomogeneous. Transport of inhaled radioactivity from the bronchiectatic regions was deranged in 95% of the patients (19/20). The following abnormal mucous transport patterns were regionally observed; stasis in 12 of the 20 patients (12/20), regurgitation or reversed transport in 14/20, straying in 8/20, spiral or zigzag transport in 1/20, and/or various combinations of these four abnormal transport patterns. When coughs occurred, regurgitation and stray became more marked in the bronchiectatic regions. These regional abnormalities in mucociliary transport seem to be responsible for the development of infections and hemoptysis in the bronchiectatic regions.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

The effect of the replacement of ADP with a photoaffinity ATP analogue, 2-azido-ADP, in F-actin on its function.

2-Azido-ATP, a photoaffinity ATP analogue, was incorporated into actin and the influence of the incorporation on the actin function was studied. The replacement of ADP with 2-azido-ADP in F-actin both before and after photocross-linking decreased appreciably the actin-activated S1-ATPase activity. Photocross-linked 2-azido-ADP-F-actin could be depolymerized by dialysis against a solution containing 0.1 mM CaCl2, 0.1 mM ATP and 1 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0). However, once it depolymerized, it lost very quickly the ability to polymerize even in the presence of a sufficient amount of ATP and Ca2+.

Actins↗
PubMed1989

Synergistic inhibition of oxidation in dispersed phosphatidylcholine liposomes by a combination of vitamin E and cysteine.

Oxidations of soybean phosphatidylcholine liposomes in an aqueous dispersion initiated by free radicals generated initially either in the aqueous phase or in the lipid phase were efficiently suppressed by vitamin E in the membranes. Vitamin E was consumed linearly with time and, when the inhibition period was over the oxidation proceeded rapidly at a rate similar to that in the absence of vitamin E. L-Cysteine was also effective by itself in scavenging radicals in the aqueous region, but it was consumed more rapidly than vitamin E. On the other hand, cysteine could not scavenge the radicals efficiently in a lipid region. Nevertheless, when vitamin E was incorporated into liposomes, the addition of cysteine in the aqueous phase prolonged the inhibition period and it reduced the rate of decay of vitamin E markedly even when the radicals were generated initially in the lipid bilayer. Furthermore, it was found by an electron spin resonance study that chromanoxyl radical disappeared quite rapidly when it was mixed with cysteine and that the spin adduct of cysteine radical was observed in the presence of alpha-(4-pyridyl-N-oxide)-N-tert-butyl nitrone. It was concluded that L-cysteine located in an aqueous region could regenerate vitamin E by reacting with vitamin E radical formed in a lipid region and show a synergistic antioxidant effect, although its efficiency of vitamin E regeneration was lower than that by vitamin C.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1989

Changes in membrane constituents and chemiluminescence in vitamin E-deficient red blood cells induced by the xanthine oxidase reaction.

The oxidation of vitamin E-deficient rat red blood cells (RBCs) induced by the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase (HX-XOD) system has been performed in an aqueous suspension. The generation of chemiluminescence and the accumulation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were observed initially and were followed by hemolysis. Interestingly, the total counts of chemiluminescence were closely related to the amount of TBARS. The predominant change of membrane proteins induced by the reaction was the depletion of spectrin bands in gel electrophoresis. When RBC ghosts were oxidized with HX-XOD, the sulfhydryl (SH) groups of membrane proteins decreased at an early stage of the incubation, which was coincident with the above protein alteration. Membrane alpha-tocopherol suppressed not only the formation of TBARS but also chemiluminescence and hemolysis; nevertheless, it did not inhibit the protein damage and the loss of SH groups. Moreover, it was concluded that the chemiluminescence observed during the oxidation of RBC membranes was associated mainly with the peroxidation of lipids and only to a minor extent with the oxidation of proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Interaction of Lys-61 labeled actin with myosin subfragment-1 and the regulatory proteins.

Actin modified at Lys-61 with fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate (FITC) recovers the ability to polymerize following the binding of phalloidin. The resulting polymer (FITC-P-actin) activates the S1-Mg2+-ATPase activity to the same extent as non-labeled F-actin. However, in the absence of phalloidin, FITC-actin (0.5 mg/ml) neither polymerized nor activated the S1-Mg2+-ATPase activity effectively even when it was preincubated with S1 for 3 h in 0.1 mM ATP, 0.1 mM CaCl2, and 1 mM Tris/HCl (pH 8.0), in contrast to the previous report [Miller, L., Phillips, M., & Reisler, E. (1988) Eur. J. Biochem. 174, 23-29]. The modification of Lys-61 did not impair the ability to bind tropomyosin or tropomyosin-troponin. On the other hand, the fluorescence polarization of FITC-P-actin increased when tropomyosin or troponin-tropomyosin was added. Moreover, the modification of Lys-61 affected the regulation of the actin activation of the S1-Mg2+-ATPase activity by the tropomyosin and troponin complex. In 30 mM KCl, 2.5 mM ATP, and 5 mM MgCl2, tropomyosin alone has been shown to inhibit the actin-activated S1-Mg2+-ATPase. This inhibition did not occur with FITC-P-actin even though tropomyosin was tightly bound. When troponin-tropomyosin was added, the FITC-P-actin activation of S1-Mg2+-ATPase activity was regulated in response to micromolar Ca2+ concentrations. On the other hand, in 30 mM KCl, 2.5 mM ATP, and 2 mM MgCl2, tropomyosin alone did not inhibit the actin-activated S1-Mg2+-ATPase activity with either non-labeled F-actin or FITC-actin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Actins↗
PubMed1989

Normal values for quantitative parameters for evaluation of mucociliary clearance in lungs.

Twenty-eight normal male subjects (13 nonsmokers and 15 smokers, 25 to 76 years of age) inhaled ultrasonically generated 99mTc-tagged human serum albumin aerosol (mass median diameter: 1.93 microns with geometric standard deviation of 1.52) and radioactivity from the thorax was measured continuously from anteriorly in 10 sec frame mode for 90 to 120 min to evaluate mucociliary clearance function in the lungs. Normal values for lung retention ratio (LRR), airway deposition ratio (ADR), airway retention ratio (ARR), airway clearance efficiency (ACE), alveolar deposition ratio (ALDR), and disappearance rate of radioactivity from the ciliated airways (DR) were presented. ALDR was significantly larger in nonsmokers than in smokers. LRR and ARR were significantly smaller and ACE, significantly larger in smokers at any time intervals than in nonsmokers, while ADR and DR were larger in smokers only in the initial 30 min following radioaerosol inhalation was completed. Thereafter there was little difference in ADR and DR between normal smokers and nonsmokers.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Peculiarity of pulsed dye laser lithotriptor and its clinical application].

Ultrasound lithotriptors (USL) and electrohydraulic lithotriptors (EHL) are representative lithotriptors for endoscopic elimination of upper urinary tract stones. However, they have some disadvantages. For example, USL can not be used with flexible scopes and EHL can cause unexpected tissue injury. To overcome these problems, the pulsed dye laser lithotriptor (MDL-1, Candera Co.) was developed. The characteristics of this laser lithotriptor and its direct effects on tissue was investigated. This pulsed dye laser lithotriptor generates a 504 nm wavelength green light beam by using a combination of a xenon flash lamp and the greenish dye composed of coumarin solution. The maximum output energy is 60 mJ/pulse and the pulse duration is 1.5 microsecond. The pulse rate can be varied from 1 to 20 Hz. First, the intensity of the shock wave was measured by using a combination of a piezoelectric element and an oscilloscope, and then, the results were compaired with those obtained by a similar experiment with an EHL. The average intensity of the shock wave was 54.4 mW under the conditions of 40 mJ/pulse of output energy and 10 Hz of pulse duration. On the other hand, the EHL generated an average of 54.7 W under the conditions of 400 mJ/pulse output energy. Then, fragmentation of various kinds of urinary stones in saline solution was performed. The results showed that this lithotriptor could fragment almost all kinds of stones except cystine stones. Then, hen's eggs were used to observe the effect if laser bean influenced on the organism immediately behind the photoradiated object. Only the egg shell was demolished but the egg membrane below the eggshell did not undergo any change. After these experiments, skin, liver, kidney and urinary bladder of nude mice and human prostatic urethral mucosa in case of TUR-P were irradiated by this laser. The results showed that laser energy caused slight penetration and localized hemorrhage from the surface of epithelium to subcutaneous tissue. It was confirmed that these effects were generated when the tip of the quartz fiber was in direct contact with the object.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A phase II study of etoposide in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma by the Tokyo Liver Cancer Chemotherapy Study Group.

Twenty-four patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with 80 mg etoposide/m2 for five consecutive days at 4-week intervals. Of the 21 patients evaluated, only one showed a partial response (of 8 weeks, duration). The dose-limiting factor was bone marrow suppression. Grades 3 and 4 white blood cell count toxicity occurred in five (24%) and two (10%) patients, respectively. Alopecia (grades 1 and 2) was observed in 18 patients (57%). The The present study indicates that etoposide has very limited activity against hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Non-vascular interventional radiology nonvascular interventional radiology of the urinary tract].

Several kinds of nonvascular interventional radiology of the urinary tract are reviewed. Transurethral balloon dilation of the prostate (TU-DP) is a newly developed nonsurgical treatment for benign prostate hyperplasia, which is performed under local anesthesia with minimal morbidity and requires no hospitalization. The TUDP technique involves dilating the prostatic urethra and bladder neck to 75 F for 10 minutes under fluoroscopic control using a high-pressure dilating balloon. Long-term follow-up studies are required. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) and transurethral ureterolithotomy (TUL) have signified a revolution in stone surgery of upper urinary tract. Indications for these treatments, endoscopic manipulation, complications and their clinical features are presented. The procedure of PNL consists of 3 steps, puncture for nephrostomy tract, tract dilation and stone removal. Among these steps the most important is the puncture and it should be effected through the calyx. During the operation, if there is too much bleeding, it can be discontinued at any time while keeping the track open. It is no longer necessary for the kidney to be free of stones at the end of the operation. TUL is performed with a rigid or flexible ureterorenoscope. Dilation of the ureteral orifice and the intramural ureter is necessary for passing the scopes. When they have been sufficiently dilated, the ureterorenoscope can be passed to the level of the renal pelvis through the urethra. Calculi have been removed successfully at a higher rate in lower ureter. Endopyelotomy may be performed safely as an initial procedure to correct congenital obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction. Recent advancements have permitted an approach to percutaneous resection for renal pelvic tumor in a solitary kidney or bilateral synchronous disease. There are great expectations for continuing important innovations in the field of interventional radiology.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of mastication on the growth and development of salivary glands in male mice].

Mastication has attracted considerable attention in recent years for its effects on the postnatal growth and development of the mandible, brain, salivary glands and other organs in children. In this study, the relationship between mastication and growth and development of the salivary glands was examined, because the salivary glands are rich in growth factors and many kinds of biological polypeptides, and have endocrine and exocrine actions and effects, on the growth and metabolic rates in developing animals. The experiment utilized two groups of male mice, a control group fed a solid diet, and an experimental group receiving the paste diet ad lib. In the experimental group fed the paste diet, the increase of the tissue weights and the contents of DNA and RNA in the parotid and submandibular glands were lower than those of the control group. Also the rise of amylase activity in the parotid glands was depressed. Next, the polyamine metabolism in the parotid and submandibular glands was examined. The activities of the late limiting enzymes in polyamine syntheses, ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase and the lev- putrescine and spermidine in both parotid and submandibular glands were in the experimental group. These results suggest that mastication plays an important roles in the growth development of the parotid and submandibular glands in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of mastication and submandibular gland ectomy on the growth ability of isoproterenol-stimulated parotid gland and other tissues in male mice].

In a previous article we reported that mastication played an important role in the development of submandibular glands in male mice. Submandibular glands contain epidermal growth factor (EGF) which stimulates the proliferation of various cells in developing animals. In this study, the effects of the hypotrophy of submandibular glands caused by reduction of mastication and the removal of the glands on the growth ability of isoproterenol (IPR)-stimulated parotid glands and other tissues were investigated. The animals in the experiment were male mice and they divided into three groups, a control group fed a solid diet, a group fed a paste diet and a group with removed submandibular glands fed a solid diet. In comparison with the group fed a solid diet, in the group fed a paste diet a small decrease was found, and in the group with the ectomized submandibular gland a significant decrease in the rise of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) activity and DNA synthesis of parotid glands caused by IPR stimulation were found. The DNA synthesis of the heart tissue of mice with ectomized submandibular glands was lower than that of the control group, but in liver, lung, stomach and testis tissue no decrease of DNA synthesis was found. These results suggest that mastication and the submandibular glands have an effect of the growth of the tissues in male mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on proliferation of the cells derived from the root resorbing tissue of human deciduous teeth].

The resorption of the roots of deciduous teeth is a physiological phenomenon. Many morphological and histological investigations of the root resorption have been reported. However little biochemical data concerning systemic factors in it are available. In this study, cell culture derived from the root resorbing tissue of human deciduous teeth was tried and the effect of EGF on that cell was examined. The dissected root resorbing tissue from human deciduous teeth was cultured in a medium containing 10% fetal calf serum in a humidified incubator at an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air at 37 degrees C. The outgrowing cells from root resorbing tissue were a mixed population of mesenchymal cells and epithelial cells during the early stage of cultivation, but at the later stage they changed to morphologically single population. The mesenchymal cells seemed to be derived from the dental sac and the epithelial cells from the enamel organ or the oral mucoepithelium. These cells seemed to be useful for analysis of the systemic factors in the root resorption. The effect of EGF on the proliferation of cells obtained as stated above was examined. EGF markedly stimulated DNA synthesis about by a factor of 6.9 for the mesenchymal cells and by a factor of 3.4 for the epithelial cells. These results suggested that EGF participates in the root resorption of human deciduous teeth.

Epidermal Growth Factor↗
PubMed1988

Distribution of tocopherol among human plasma lipoproteins.

A study of the distribution of alpha-tocopherol among the plasma lipoproteins of 19 healthy adults, 20 pregnant women at delivery, and the umbilical cord blood of their fetuses has shown the following. 1. In healthy adults, LDL in males contained slightly more tocopherol than did HDL, while non-pregnant females showed the opposite tendency. 2. In the pregnant women, the percent distribution of tocopherol was much higher in VLDL fractions, and lower in HDL fractions, as compared with non-pregnant women. 3. In cord blood, the percent distribution of tocopherol was extremely low in LDL fractions, but it was high in HDL fractions. 4. The distribution of tocopherol among lipoproteins was directly related to the total lipid contents of the lipoprotein fractions in all groups examined. After the oral administration of tocopherol to healthy adults, the changes in RBC tocopherol concentrations correlated most closely with those in HDL tocopherol.

Adult↗