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Biomedical subjects

M Micksche

Publications and source records attributed to M Micksche.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Investigations on general immune reactivity in untreated cervical cancer patients.

74 patients with untreated cervical cancer (FIGO II and III) were skintested with a battery of recall antigens, and also sensitised and challenged with DNCB. A significant reduction of reaction to Tuberkulin, Varidase and also to DNCB was found in patients with stage III in comparison to healthy females of the same age group. Significant changes in immunoglobulin levels, increase of IgA and decrease of IgG were observed in the cancer patients. Serum lysozyme values were the same as in the control group.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical and immunologic investigations of patients with urinary bladder tumors (author's transl)].

Forty patients with urinary bladder tumors (26 cancer and 14 papilloma) were investigated by clinical and immunological methods. Patients with Stage I and II bladder cancer had a decrease in their delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions in comparison to healthy controls. The same was found in patients with proliferating papillomas (WHO I) and benign papillomas. Patients with carcinoma in Stages III and IV had a reduced reactivity to recall antigens and could be immunized to a significantly lesser degree with primary antigens. In most cases a transurethral resection of the tumor was followed by radiotherapy. In four patients local immunotherapy was performed after resection of most of the tumor mass.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1978

[Tumor immunology].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1977

[Therapy of inoperable bronchial carcinoma].

The results of a prospective randomized study on carcinoma of the bronchus are reported. In a total of 56 patients polychemotherapy, high-dosage vitamin-A treatment, Endoxan and immunotherapy, as well as the application of proteolytic enzymes in altogether 5 combinations of therapy were tested.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

[Clinical experiences with Holoxan in small cell carcinoma of the bronchus (author's transl)].

Clinical experiences obtained until now in the treatment of 47 patients with small cell carcinoma of the bronchus with Holoxan are reported. Special emphasis is laid to the results of a prospective randomized study; two groups of patients, one of them undergoing Holoxan therapy, the other receiving symptomatic treatment, have been investigated in respect of relationship between tumour remission, quality of life and survival time.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

[Immunology and therapy of malignant melanoma (author's transl)].

Immunological investigations in malignant melanoma have demonstrated the important role of immunological defence mechanisms in the control of tumour growth and tumour spread. On the basis of the different test systems for investigation of immunecompetence and tumourspecific immunity it was possible to demonstrate that patients with melanoma, especially of clinical stages II and III, have a weak, sometimes an anergic immune reaction against their own tumour. The information obtained from in vitro and in vivo studies in human on tumour immunity formed the rational basis for immunotherapy in malignant melanoma. Increasing evidence suggests that active non-specific immunotherapy and, especially, active specific immune-stimulation with inactivated melanoma cells can delay the appearance of distant metastases and result in an improved survival rate for patients with involved regional lymph nodes. At present the use of involved chemotherapy is mostly confined to patients with disseminated malignant melanoma. The most extensively used chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of melanoma is the DTIC (dimethyl-triaceno-imidazole-carboxamide). The objective response rate with this monotherapy has been reported to be up to 25%. Nitrosoureas (BCNU, CCNU, MECCNU) have also been widely used and have brought clinical responses similar to DTIC. Experimental studies in animal models and investigation in human have demonstrated that chemotherapy can be combined successfully with immunotherapy with a potential additive, perhaps synergistic, effect.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1977

Lewis lung tumor system as a model for studying the immune function in syngeneic in equillibrium allogeneic chimeras.

Lewis lung tumor (LLT) passaged in F1 hybrids of the original C57B1/6 strain, where it arose spontaneously, is rejected by allogeneic SWA (Swiss albino) mice. However, aggregation chimeras derived from these SWA mice and the F1 hybrids of C57B1/6 developed an increased growth of primary tumor and reduced number of metastases when compared with the F1 hybrids. In the present study LLT passaged in C57B1/6 mice is not rejected by SWA mice. It is demonstrated that in aggregation chimeras now derived from two strains both taking the tumor, primary tumor growth was enhanced and the number of metastases reduced as in the former experiment. The tendency of reactions of lymphatic orgains in chimeras to tumor burden was comparable with the SWA and F1 hybrid (C57B1/6 multiplied by SWA and SWA multiplied by C57B1/6) recipients' response. Furthermore, chimeras had the highest spleen enlargement. Possible alternations in immune functions of chimeras due to their differing genotype combination are discussed in the LLT model.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Suppressed tumor growth and metastasis by vitamin A + BCG in Lewis lung tumor bearing mice.

The anti-tumor effect of vitamin A and/or BCG was investigated in Lewis lung tumor system. Tumor growth and lung metastases were significantly suppressed, when tumor cells were mixed with BCG and inoculated subcutaneously into vitamin A-treated animals. Survival time was also prolonged by the same treatment. Vitamin A alone, without BCG, showed no effect on tumour growth, lung metastases or survival time.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Active specific and active non-specific immunotherapy in patients with malignant melanoma.

Patients in clinical stage I-III of malignant melanoma were treated after resection of the tumor mass with membrane extracts of autologous tumor tissue and BCG or BCG alone. They were monitored immunologically by delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions, i.e. skin tests with recall antigens, with autologous tumor membrane extracts and 2-4Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). The lymphocyte reactivity was assessed in vitro with direct lymphocyte migration inhibition assay; purified tuberculin and autologous or allogeneic tumor extracts were used as antigens. In this study, which includes 50 patients up to now, it could be demonstrated that it is possible to increase tumor-specific and general immune reactivity by this form of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Stimulation of immune response in lung cancer patients by vitamin A therapy.

Based on a clinical trial, in which patients with unresectable bronchogenic cancer were treated with a combination of vitamin A plus chemotherapy, or vitamin A plus radiotherapy, a study was initiated in which vitamin A alone was given for tumor treatment. 9 male patients with metastatic unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with vitamin A palmitate or 13-cis vitamin A acid. Up to seven treatment courses were given during a period of 60 weeks. Through weekly evaluation of the patients' immune status, an immune potentiating effect of the vitamin A therapy could be demonstrated. An increase of lymphocyte blastogenesis response to PHA which is significant (p less than 0.001) compared with the pretreatment values, was found in all patients at the end of one vitamin A treatment course. Increased delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions were observed also in all patients. The immune potentiating effects of vitamin A therapy, as well as the demonstrated direct effect on the tumor, introduces a wide range of combination therapies.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Immunestimulation in cancer patients by a new synthetic compound: BM 06 002.

A new synthetic compound 4-imino-1,3-diazobicyclo (3,1,0)-hexan-2-on (BM 06 002) has been shown in animal models to stimulate humoral and cell-mediated immune reactions. In a Phase I study in man a total absence of toxic side effects after intravenous injection of BM 06 002 has been demonstrated. In the present investigation in patients with advanced incurable cancer one single injection of this substance induced a significant stimulation of lymphocyte blastogenesis response to PHA and PWM. Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions, tested before and after drug application, were also found increased. According to thses findings BM 06 002 might be considered as an immune-stimulating compound.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1977

Serum levels of alpha1-antitrypsin and alpha2-macroglobulin in lung cancer.

In untreated patients with inoperable lung cancer, serum levels of alpha1-antitrypsin were found significantly increased in comparison to patients with non malignant diseases of the lung, alpha2-macroglobulin levels were unchanged in both groups of patients. There was also no difference in alpha2-macroglobulins in cancer patients reacting with DNCB and in non-reactors. Thus alpha2-macroglobulin levels do not seem to correlate with the immunestatus of cancer patients. Proteinase inhibitors are involved in a variety of biological processes including blood, clotting, digestion, and sperm capacitation. alpha1-antitrypsin, a alpha-globulin with a molecular weight of about 60,000 has been found to be decreased in patients' serum under several pathological conditions. A clear correlation exists between alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency and hereditary pulmonary emphysema (1, 2), respiratory distress syndrome (3), and juvenile cirrhoses of the liver (4). Elevated serum levels of alpha1-antitrypsin have also been found in some cancer cases. Thirty years ago a cancer test was developed on the basis of differences in the antiproteolytic activity in cancer patients' sera and in patients with other non-neoplastic diseases (5, 6). Several authors have tried to confirm these early data regarding specifity and sensitivity with respect to a screening test for cancer (7, 8). Methods of these authors were based mainly on enzyme substrate inhibition assays by addition of the patients' sera. Recently a commercially available test, based on immune-precipitation according to Mancini (9), has been developed (Behring-Werke, Partigen). By using this standardized method for determinating alpha1-antitrypsin, Harris et al. have recently demonstrated that patients with inoperable lung cancer have significantly elevated levels of this antiprotease in their sera (10), in comparison to patients with non malignant diseases of the lung. alpha2-macroglobulin is a serum protein with a molecular weight of 800,000 and with known antiprotease activity and can therefore bind trypsin, plasmin, elastase, and collagenase and it is known that alpha2-macroglobulin decreases with increasing of age. Changes of alpha-macroglobulin have also been observed in several pathological conditions (11). James et al. 4ave found decreases in serum of myeloma patients (12). An association between the development and function of lymphocytes and alpha2-macroglobulin has been suggested by several authors (13, 14). This alpha2-globulin has also been demonstrated on the surface of peripheral blood lymphocytes (15) and there is evidence that it is synthesized by lymphocytes (16). The purpose of the present study was to determine serum alpha1-antitrypsin levels in patients with inoperable lung cancer and to determine whether there is also an inverse correlation to alpha2-macroglobulin. It was further attempted to correlate alpha2-macroglobulin with general immunological parameters, as it is known that patients with lung cancer show a decreased general immune-reactivity (17).

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1976

[Immunotherapy of malignant melanoma (active specific and non-specific immune stimulation) (author's transl)].

A prospective study was carried out on patients with stage I to III malignant melanoma. Following tumour resection these patients were treated with membrane extracts of autologous tumor tissue and BCG (Pasteur) or BCG alone by intradermal injections weekly for a minimum period of 6 months. They were followed up immunologically by delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions: skin tests with recall antigens, PHA, with autologous tumour membrane extracts and challenge to 2-4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). The lymphocytic reactivity was assessed in vitro by means of the direct lymphocytic migration inhibition assay, purified tuberculin and autologous or allogoneic tumour extracts being used as antigens; the lymphocytic blastogenic response to PHA was also investigated. This study, which includes the data of 50 patients, demonstrates that it is possible to increase tumour--specific and general immune reactivity by this form of treatment.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1976

[T-Lymphocyte shifts in patients with melanoma and bronchogenic carcinoma (author's transl)].

Lymphocyte subpopulations were investigated in 32 patients with malignant melanoma, 25 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma and 59 control subjects. Whereas the determination of membrane immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes and of complement receptor-bearing lymphocytes gave comparable results in the tumour patient and control group, significant differences were found in the T-lymphocyte population using the sheep red blood cell (SRBC) assay. The so-called "active" Wybran rosette test, which characterizes a T-cell subpopulation with an especially avid receptor for SRBC, gave significantly lower results in patients with melanoma (25% control 35%, p less than 0.01) and bronchogenic carcinoma (21% control 35% p less than 0.01). Determination of the total T-cell population using the Jondal rosette assay gave significantly lower values in the patients with melanoma (52%, control 63%, p less than 0.01), but not in those with lung cancer (65%). Low rosette values were detected even at low histological invasion levels (classified according to Clark) in the patients with melanoma. No correlation was found between the invasion level and the percentage of rosette-forming cells. The significance of these findings and the value of the rosette assay in the assessment of the immunological reactivity of tumour patients is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Enhanced tumor growth in chimeric mice.

Chimeras were produced by aggregation of B6D2F1 and SWA early embryos. Lewis lung tumor, syngeneic in B6D2F1, was used to study tumor growth and metastases in these chimeras. Enhanced tumor growth, low metastases rate and pronounced enlarged spleen could be observed in SWA equilibrium B6D2F1 chimeras 21 days after inoculation of tumor cells. Increased activity of suppressor T-cells which might be due to permanent allogeneic stimulation in chimeras is discussed as one of the possible mechanisms.

Animals↗