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Biomedical subjects

M Menard

Publications and source records attributed to M Menard.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of survival after induction chemotherapy in pyriform sinus carcinoma.

Three hundred seventy-one primary squamous cell carcinomas of the pyriform sinus were treated at Hôpital Laennec from 1970 through 1984 and retrospectively analyzed. The local and regional treatment consisted of initial surgical resection followed by postoperative radiotherapy. Forty-three patients were not treated by induction chemotherapy; 95 patients received preoperative chemotherapy with bleomycin as a single agent; 98 patients received three preoperative courses of vincristine, methotrexate, bleomycin, or endoxan, and 46 patients were treated by three courses of induction chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, bleomycin, methotrexate, or 5-fluorouracil. Seventy-two patients received less than 150 mg of bleomycin and 17 patients received only one or two cycles of multiple-agent chemotherapy. Survivals were higher when multiple-agent chemotherapy was employed as compared with single-agent induction chemotherapy. Further prospective investigations are necessary to confirm that induction chemotherapy enhances survival in pyriformk sinus cancers.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Voice evaluation of myomucosal shunt after total laryngectomy: comparison with esophageal speech.

The vocal quality attained with a tracheoesophageal myomucosal shunt (MMS) as described by Strome was evaluated in four patients and compared with three esophageal speakers and two normal subjects. The patients with MMSs acquired speech sooner. Fundamental frequency, pitch, timbre, and melody were analyzed with computerized electroglottography and sonography. Intelligibility was deemed better after the MMS primarily because phonation time approximated that of normal speech, and this study suggests that, following total laryngectomy, the vocal quality achieved using the MMS is preferrable to that of esophageal speech.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonographic appearance of splenic disease in 101 cats.

The sonographic findings in 101 cats with splenic abnormalities are presented. Diagnosis was made by ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirate or fine-needle biopsy (n = 91), ultrasound-guided core biopsy (n = 1), surgical core biopsy (n = 1), or necropsy (n = 10). Two cats had more than one diagnostic procedure (fine needle aspirate and necropsy or core biopsy and necropsy). The splenic abnormalities included lymphosarcoma (n = 30), mast cell tumor (n = 27), extramedullary hematopoiesis and/or lymphoid hyperplasia (n = 27), epithelial tumors (n = 6), mesenchymal tumors (n = 4), malignant histiocytosis (n = 2), myeloproliferative disease (n = 2), pyogranulomatous inflammation (n = 2), erythroleukemia (n = 1), eosinophilic syndrome (n = 1), hematoma (n = 1), and granulomatous splenitis (n = 1). Three cats had more than one splenic abnormality (mast cell tumor and metastatic carcinoma, pyogranulomatous inflammation and lymphoid hyperplasia, histiocytic lymphosarcoma, and lymphoid hyperplasia). Pathognomonic changes were not seen for any of the diseases.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Supracricoid hemilaryngopharyngectomy. Analysis of 240 cases.

The supracricoid hemilaryngopharyngectomy consists of resection of the supracricoid hemilarynx and ipsilateral pyriform sinus. Two hundred forty patients underwent this procedure from 1964 through 1983. Two hundred twenty-two patients had no airway impairment, and 204 recovered normal deglutition. The local recurrence rate was 5.2%. Indications for the procedure are carcinoma of the supracricoid upper part of the pyriform sinus and carcinoma of the lateral laryngeal margin with normal vocal cord mobility.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Urachal cyst infection caused by Haemophilus influenzae].

The case of a 5 year-old boy with urachal cyst infection due to Haemophilus influenzae is reported. The difficulties encountered in isolating this bacteria when the correct procedures are not used can explain the apparent rarity of such infections. Physiopathological mechanisms of this infection are discussed with respect to the characteristics of the strain.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Current aspects of human salmonellosis in Upper Volta. Study carried out at Centre Muraz (Bobo-Dioulasso) from 1966 to 1977: isolation of 1,013 Salmonella strains].

In a long term research programme of Centre Muraz a study on salmonellosis in Upper Volta has been carried out, at Bobo-Dioulasso, from 1966 to 1977. Investigations have been executed at Centre Muraz, at Bobo-Dioulasso hospital and at Ouagadougou hospital. All the strains of Salmonella were collected at Centre Muraz by biology laboratory, which is a reference service for Upper Volta. This country is include; among the 32 countries which collaborate with W.H.O. and are involved in the world epidemiological surveillance of salmonellosis. For twelve years, 1.013 Samonella strains have been isolated : 1.002 from man and only 11 from animals. The study, which is presented, deals with human salmonellosis. These diseases have been considered from several points of view : bacteriology, clinic, treatment and epidemiology. The various origins of these strains have been specified. The different technics used for diagnosis are discussed briefly : hemoculture (for typhoïd fever and few other types of salmonellosis), coproculture (for "minor" salmonellosis) are the most common and useful methods. Among the 1.013 which have been found, S. typhi is highly predominant (67 p. 100). In the other hand, S. dublin and S. typhi murium play an important role in the various serotypes which occured. A total of 76 serotypes, already known elsewhere, but found for the first time in Upper Volta, have been observed. Three new serotypes have been described : S. bobo, S. kua and S. farakan. As far as clinical problem is concerned, two main aspects are frequent : either typhoid fever syndrome (caused by S. typhi and, scarcely, by other germs, like S. dublin) or gastrointestinal infections, which present different forms and are more or less severe. Up to now, one single strain of S. typhi murium, suspected to be resistant to chloramphenicol has been isolated in 1977. Such a problem would need more complete research in a reference centre. Otherwise, no epidemic multiresistance has been observed. Checking strictly all the strains by systematic antibiograms is now absolutly essential in the plan of a steady epidemiological surveillance.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Laryngeal histoplasmosis due to "Histoplasma duboisii" (author's transl)].

Primitive detection of the Histoplasma duboisii accompanied with proteiform manifestations, is rare in the superior air ways. Its localisation at the larynx level is an exception and makes the very interest of our following reported observation. In front of this hard diagnostic, only the pathogenic agent visualisation gives evidence. Among serological techniques, immuno-fluorescence and E.L.I.S.A. are very helpful. Therapeutic possibilities have been improved by Miconazole which both associates efficiency and inocuity.

Africa↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A survey on gastric diseases in black Africans in Dakar (Senegal) (author's transl)].

The authors report on a survey about 1.188 Senegaleses affected by gastric disease. The diagnosis was established by either endoscopy or, less often, by a surgical control. The findings were ulcer (43,09 p. 100) with duodenal localisation in most cases (67 p. 100), non malignant tumor (0,84 p. 100), malignant tumor (1,85 p. 100) and most often (53,95 p. 100) non ulcerous and non tumorous gastropathies. Noticed clinical features are not much different from the ones observed in Caucasian patients. Sex ratio gives male preponderance and there is an etiologic role of age: superficial gastritis and duodenal ulcer prevail from 20 to 40, chronic gastritis from 20 to 50 and gastric ulcer after 35. Smoking tobacco, misuse and overdose of aspirin and antiphlogistic drugs seem to be facilitating factors which were recorded in 50 p. 100 of non ulcerous gastropathies, 40 p. 100 of gastric ulcers and 27 p. 100 of duodenal ulcers. Neither ethnic origin, nor blood group, nor diet have shown any etiologic influence. Most patients with an ulcer have 3 periods of pain every year and one among three needs a surgical intervention.

Adult↗