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Biomedical subjects

M Melamed

Publications and source records attributed to M Melamed.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Malignant cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): the meaning of a positive CSF cytology.

We reviewed the correlation between malignant cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (positive cytology) and pathologic findings at autopsy. The purpose was to discover: (1) the incidence of negative CSF cytology in patients with CNS malignancy, (2) the incidence of false-positive cytology, and (3) the relationship between a true-positive cytology and the distribution of malignant tumor at autopsy. Of 117 patients with CNS tumor and premortem cytologic examination of the CSF, 31 (26 percent) were positive and 86 (74 percent) were negative. Only 1 of 66 patients with tumor that did not reach the leptomeninges had a positive cytology. Of 51 patients with leptomeningeal tumor at autopsy, cytology was positive in 30 (59 percent) and negative in 21 (41 percent). Five potentially "false-positive" cytologies were encountered: three patients were treated, and tumor may have been eradicated; in two patients with lymphoma, inflammatory cells associated with infection were apparently mistaken for malignant cells. These data indicate that a positive CSF cytology is a reliable indicator of CNS malignancy and almost always reflects leptomeningeal tumor.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Changing hospital practice and social work staffing.

If social workers are to survive in hospitals and gain satisfacation from their work, they must begin to find new ways to apply their skills. This article analyzes several factors affecting the health care industry and suggests that staffing a hospital social work department follow a situational rather than a universal approach.

Hospital Departments↗
PubMed1977

Preliminary report of the lung cancer detection program in New York.

The early lung cancer detection program in New York is described, and preliminary prevalence rate data are reported. Cigarette-smoking men over the age of 45, who are considered at high risk, are encouraged to enroll in the program and, to date, 6,612 have done so. These men receive PA and lateral chest x-rays annually, while a randomly selected sub-population of about half also have sputum cytology every four months. A controlled study of sputum cytology as an adjunct to the chest x-ray is now in progress. There were 15 cases of late lung cancer (pathologic stages II and III) detected at the initial examination, and 11 early cases (pathologic stages O and I). In the population of 3,387 men who had x-rays alone there were three early lung cancers detected; in the population of 3,225 men who had both examinations four early cancers were detected by x-ray and four by cytology. In addition, three cases of larynx cancer were detected by cytology. The early lung cancers detected by x-ray were peripheral and most were bronchiolar or adenocarcinoma; the early cancers detected by cytology were central epidermoid carcinoma of major bronchi. No early carcinomas were detected by both techniques. These findings suggest that a combination of chest x-rays and sputum cytology can be more effective than either one alone in detecting early lung cancer.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

[Morphologic study of teflon implanted in the prelaryngeal space of dogs].

The authors described their experimental studies on dogs, using aliomaterial teflon- in forming FTM slap in the prelaryngieal space for the purposes of the reconstructing plastica of the larynx. The teflon was a suitable material because of its good tolerance and well occuring reactions of the pathologic organization, combined with the processes of resorption and its substitution with connective tissue. The authors found the period of 10 to 20 days as the earliest and most suitable period for the usage of FTM slap.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Simulated paraspinal tumor or abscess by rounded atelectasis of the lower lobe.

Lower lobe atelectasis may simulate paraspinal tumor or abscess when margins of the completely collapsed lobe become rounded laterally and the inferior edge separates from the diaphragm. We believe this unusual appearance relates to (1) influence of the pulmonary ligament and (2) total collapse of the lobe to its minimum possible volume. Three cases of different etiologies are herein presented.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1975

Endoscopic diagnosis of advanced gastric cancer. Factors influencing yield.

Factors influencing diagnostic yield by directed endoscopic biopsy and cytology were studied in 50 patients with advanced gastric cancer using a forward-viewing panendoscope. The diagnostic yield was higher for exophytic lesions than for infiltrative tumor, and directed brush cytology alone was more productive than directed biopsy alone. The lesions that provided non-diagnostic tissue were mostly recurrent or infiltrative cancers, and were most often in the cardia, antrum, or were of the linitis plastica type. The combination of infiltrative character and location in antrum or cardia, especially if recurrent, often resulted in non-diagnostic biopsy and cytology specimens.

Biopsy↗