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Biomedical subjects

M Mebel

Publications and source records attributed to M Mebel.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Biochemical parameters for determination of graft viability during the early postoperative period (author's transl)].

In 54 patients with graft failure the changes of urine sodium concentration and of urinary enzyme activities (alanine aminopeptidase, AAP) were investigated. It was found that: (1) the kidneys with irreversible acute tubular necrosis are characterised by high urine sodium level, and low AAP activities. These changes correspond to the end stage of renal insufficiency. (2) Low concentration of sodium and extremely high AAP excretion are characteristic in grafts with severe rejection episodes. (3) If kidneys lost their function due to irreversible rejection, the biochemical variables showed the same changes as in the first group. We concluded that by continuous determination of sodium levels and enzyme activities in urine and by their correlation it is possible to detect the non-functioning grafts in the early posttransplantation period.

Alanine↗
PubMed1978

Frequency of leukopenia incidents following azathioprine therapy after kidney transplantation.

The frequency of leukopenia incidents and its dependence on the dose of azathioprine and kidney function were analyzed in 149 patients during the first 3 months after kidney transplantation. The results were compared with the data of 42 transplantation centers of the world. We found that the frequency of leukopenia increases significantly following azathioprine dosage exceeding 1.99 mg/kg body weight/day. The toxicity of the drug depends on the kidney function. Most of the leukopenia incidents were detected during the first 5 weeks after kidney transplantation. In 70% of the cases a first leukopenia incident is followed by a second. Low azathioprine dosage after the first episode diminishes the number of second incidents.

Azathioprine↗
PubMed1978

Continuous determination of various enzymes and sodium concentration in urine. a usable method for diagnosis of kidney graft rejection.

We investigated changes in urinary enzyme activity and sodium concentration of kidney transplant patients. We found that the increase of the activity of brush border enzymes is one of the earliest signs of tubular damage following rejection. The decrease in the urinary sodium concentration points also to rejection episodes. Despite the unspecificity of both variables, their continuous determination and combined analysis of the results could improve the differential diagnosis of rejection after transplantation and might give important information about the pathogenesis of the graft damage.

Clinical Enzyme Tests↗
PubMed1978

Changes in serum and urine lysozyme activity after kidney transplantation: influence of graft function and therapy with azathioprine.

We investigated changes in lysozyme activity in serum and urine of kidney-transplant patients, and found that the production and catabolism of lysozyme in such patients differs markedly from that in normal subjects. Resumption of graft function decreases the high serum lysozyme activity by increasing the rate of catabolism in the transplant; at the same time, however, the production is inhibited by therapy with azathioprine. Changes in serum lysozyme activity correlate well with leukocyte count; thus its determination might be useful in monitoring immunosuppression. The urinary excretion of the enzyme, although not specific to rejection, is a good index of the degree of tubular damage.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Results of 289 cadaver kidney transplantations at the Berlin-Friedrichshain centre (author's transl)].

Developement and organization of kidney transplantation in the GDR was studied, with data of 289 patients who underwent transplantation at the Kidney Transplant Centre, Berlin-Friedrichshain being analyzed. The five years graft survival was 42% and the patients survival 62%. In case of combined treatment of transplantation and dialysis it was 70%. The main cause of transplant failure was rejection with a frequency of 12,1%. On the basis of an improved immunosuppression regime the mortality rate decreased from 37,6% to 12,3%. The introduction of a new method of ureteroneocystostomy resulted in a lower rate of urological complications. The importance of the preparation of the recipients, of the HLA-tissue typing as well as the influence of blood transfusion on the late prognosis of grafts will be discussed.

Berlin↗
PubMed1978

[Late results following palliative vascular embolization in inoperable kidney tumors. (Preliminary report)].

During 18 months in 15 patients with inoperable renal tumours palliative therapeutic vascular embolisations were carried out with the help of an own catheter technique. In contrast to preoperative embolisation (16 patients) in the inoperable cases a non-absorpable polyvinyl alcohol foam substance ("Ivalon") was used, which leads to a secure permanent vascular occlusion. The haematuria occurring in all patients which many times threateningly increased was removed in all cases. There did not appear any essential complications. However, on account of the formation of a symptomatology of renal infarction a clinical after-treatment is necessary. In 12 patients regulary clinical and paraclinical control examinations during an observation period of on an average 11 months were carried out (minimum 6 months, maximum 18 months). 11 of these patients were still alive at the end of the report and had a tolerable or even improved general condition. In angiographical after-controls of 4 patients, and in one case by autopsy, permanent vascular occlusions with formation of necroses of a large area and partly considerable restriction of the tumour kidneys were found. In these cases the therapeutic embolisation led to a provable damage of the tumorous process. An influence of metastases distant from the primary tumour was not observed.

Embolization, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1977

Intraoperative blood flow in transplanted human kidneys and its relation to subsequent function.

The value of intraoperative blood flow measurement during clinical kidney grafting to predict subsequent function was studied in the course of 19 consecutive transplantations. The results indicate that when blood pressure and heart rate of the recipients are within normal limits there exists a significant relationship between renal blood supply and recovery of the kidney function. The operative blood flow into the graft correlated, moreover, with the state of presensitization of the recipients, as determined by antibody-against-panel assays. The possible causes of these relationships are discussed. It is emphasized that actual viability of allotransplanted kidneys depends on both pre-and intraoperative pathophysiological processes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Long-term haemodialysis-an enhancing factor for cadaveric graft survival.

In 220 consecutive cadaveric kidney transplants, graft survival in patients dialysed for a period of two years or longer was significantly greater than in those dialysed for less than two years. More blood transfusions were received and the formation of HLA antibodies was greater in the group dialysed for more than two years. A positive cross match was the basis for excluding 21% of the HLA positive patients from transplantation during a one year period of observation. When these same HLA positive patients had more than two subsequent opportunities for donor-recipient selection the exclusion rate dropped to 2%. The longer period of dialysis with more blood transfusions had a favourable influence on cadaveric graft survival whereas the formation of HLA antibodies had a negative influence. Even in HLA positive patients graft survival was better in the long-term dialysis group when compared with the group dialysed for a shorter period. These results suggest that longer dialysis with more blood transfusions represents an enhancing factor for cadaveric kidney grafts.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1976

Endocrine effects of oestrogen treatment in patients with prostatic cancer.

In 36 men with prostatic cancer, the following findings were obtained: intravenous administration of 12.0 g diethylstilboestrol diphosphate (DSDP) induced a relatively slight decrease of the LH plasma level from 22.7 +/- 11.8 to 7.7 +/- 3.6 mIU/ml (34%), whereas the total testosterone plasma level decreased from 435.3 +/- 187.8 to 29.9 +/- 16.4 ng/100 ml (6.7%) suggesting a direct inhibitory effect of the oestrogen on testicular testosterone secretion. The apparently free, biologically active testosterone plasma level even decreased from 6.2 +/- 3.7 to 0.21 +/- 0.16 ng/100 ml (3.4%), due to the oestrogen-induced increase of the concentration of testosterone-binding beta-globulin (from 9.6 +/- 4.4 to 20.6 +/- 10.7-10(-8) M). 3--7 days after additional orchidectomy plus subcutaneous implantation of 100 mg dienoestrol diacetate a further decrease of the apparently free testosterone plasma level from 0.21 +/- 0.16 to 0.14 +/- 0.07 ng/100 ml was found. In contrast, 6 weeks after orchidectomy without oestrogen implantation a significant increase of th- apparently free testosterone plasma level -rom 0.21 %/- 0.16 to 0.34 +/- 0.15 ng/100 ml was observed (p less than 0.01). In view of these findings the biologically active free testosterone plasma level appears to be even more suppressed by intravenous administration of high DSDP than by orchidectomy. The most effective suppression of apparently free testosterone was achieved, however, by oestrogen treatment combined with orchidectomy.

Aged↗