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Biomedical subjects

M McManus

Publications and source records attributed to M McManus.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Suicidal behavior among serious juvenile offenders.

Seventy-one incarcerated juvenile offenders were diagnosed according to DSM-III and assessed for suicidal behavior. Subjects diagnosed as having major affective disorders or borderline personality disorders showed the highest degree of suicidal tendency and had made the most serious attempts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Structural analysis of the minor human hemoglobin components: Hb AIa1, Hb AIa2 and Hb AIb.

Human hemolysate contains several minor hemoglobin components, including Hb AIa1, Hb AIa2, Hb AIb and Hb AIc which are post-translational modifications of the major component, Hb A0. Hb AIc is known to contain glucose attached to the N terminus of the beta chains by a ketoamine linkage. We separated the alpha and beta globin chains from purified Hb AIa1, Hb AIa2 and Hb AIb by ion-exchange chromatography. The beta chains were reducible by sodium borohydride and gave a positive thiobarbituric acid test. These results indicated that they are modified by ketoamine-linked carbohydrate. In addition, phosphate analysis revealed 1.5 phosphate residue associated with each beta AIa1 chain and 1 phosphate residue with each beta AIa2 chain. Hb AIa1, Hb AIa2 and Hb AIb were all found to be contaminated by non-globin proteins. Protein-sequencing approaches demonstrated that the N termini of beta AIa1, beta AIa2 and beta AIb were blocked. In support of this conclusion, analysis of tryptic digests of beta AIa2 and B AIb revealed modified N-terminal peptides. We conclude that, like Hb AIc, components Hb AIa1, Hb AIa2 and Hb AIb also contain a sugar moiety linked to the N terminus of the beta chain.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1979

Nonenzymatic glycosylation of human hemoglobin at multiple sites.

The most abundant minor hemoglobin component of human hemolysate is Hb A1c, which has glucose bound to the N-terminus of the beta chain by a ketoamine linkage. Hb A1c is formed slowly and continuously throughout the 120 day lifespan of the red cell. It can be synthesized in vitro by incubating purified hemoglobin with 14C-glucose. Other minor components, Hb A1a1 and Hb A1a2 are adducts of sugar phosphates at the N-terminus of the beta chain. Hb A1b contains an unidentified nonphosphorylated sugar at the beta N-terminus. In addition, a significant portion of the major hemoglobin component (Hb Ao) is also glycosylated by a glucose ketoamine linkage at other sites on the molecule, including the N-terminus of the alpha chain and the epsilon-amino group of several lysine residues on both the alpha and the beta chains. The results indicate that the interaction of glucose and hemoglobin is rather nonspecific and suggests that other proteins are modified in a similar fashion.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Operation Eyesight Universal assists Third World ophthalmic teams.

Operation Eyesight Universal develops, encourages, and funds sight restoration and blindness prevention programs in the developing world. Many of the projects, which are staffed by local teams, include an educational component whereby mothers and children are taught about hygiene, general health-care, and nutrition in addition to eye care. OEU is working with the World Health Organization and other nongovernmental organizations in efforts to control onchocerciasis by working toward the distribution of the drug ivermectin.

Blindness↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mobile eye units in the fight against eye disease in East Africa.

1. Trachoma is one of the leading causes of blindness in Kenya, but it may be prevented in the early stages by tetracycline ointment. Mobile eye units (MEUs) provide the means by which technicians travel to remote villages. 2. Ophthalmic clinical officers travel to remote areas, providing examinations, diagnoses, ointments, eye medications, and lectures on eye care. In addition, villagers are trained in basic health and hygiene to help prevent many eye disorders. 3. Once the MEUs are purchased, continuing funds are needed to keep them running and to supply them with gasoline.

Eye Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improved control of high-dose-cisplatin-induced acute emesis with the addition of prochlorperazine to granisetron/dexamethasone.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the antiemetic efficacy and safety of adding the dopamine antagonist prochlorperazine to the combination of granisetron and dexamethasone in the prevention of acute nausea and vomiting following high-dose cisplatin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty patients receiving cisplatin (> or = 75 mg/m2) (median dose = 100 mg/m2) were enrolled at three sites. Patients received prochlorperazine spansule 15 mg orally, 60 minutes prior to and 12 hours after cisplatin; dexamethasone 20 mg intravenously, 45 minutes prior to cisplatin, and 10 mg intravenously or orally, 12 hours after cisplatin; and granisetron 10 micrograms/kg intravenously, 30 minutes prior to cisplatin. Efficacy was assessed during the 24-hour period after cisplatin using complete antiemetic response (no emetic episodes and no rescue antiemetics) and patient assessment of nausea and satisfaction using 100-mm visual analog scales (nausea: 0 = none, 100 = nausea as bad as it can be; satisfaction: 0 = not at all satisfied, 100 = satisfied as can be). RESULTS: Complete response (0 emetic episodes) was noted in 84% (49/58) of patients. Forty-two patients (72%) experienced no nausea. The mean change in posttreatment nausea visual analog scales from baseline was 8.9 mm. Forty-eight patients (83%) were completely satisfied with their antiemetic treatment. The mean posttreatment patient satisfaction score was 92 mm. Treatment was well tolerated, with infrequent and minor adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: This three-drug antiemetic regimen is well tolerated and highly effective in the prevention of acute nausea and vomiting arising from high-dose cisplatin. Further studies evaluating this regimen are warranted.

Acute Disease↗