Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M McEvoy

Publications and source records attributed to M McEvoy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Tuberculosis in London: a review, and an account of the work of the London Consultants in Communicable Disease Control Group Working Party.

Tuberculosis (TB) has been recorded in London for centuries but reports have declined over the last 100 years, with a 10-fold decrease between 1948 and 1987. However, from 1987-1993 notifications of TB in London rose by 34%, compared with 15% nationally. This rise, together with concerns about undernotification and the emergence of multi-drug resistance in New York, led to establishment of a London Consultants in Communicable Disease Control Working Party on TB to review current surveillance data. Notifications to the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys from the London Boroughs declined by approximately 6.5% per year from 1982-1987. If this had continued until 1993 there would have been 3579 fewer notifications than actually received. The proportion of cases in the 15-44 age group rose markedly in males. The proportion of notifications in those aged 65 and above was higher in the Thames Regions outside London, where the total TB notifications declined by 3.5% over the same period. Recommendations were made to improve TB surveillance in London; and a city-wide surveillance function was established in 1994 to collate and monitor data on TB.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A comparison of blood loss caused by two prolonged-release formulations of indomethacin ('Flexin Continus' and 'Indocid' R) in normal healthy male volunteers.

Faecal blood loss arising from two prolonged-release formulations of indomethacin was compared in a double-blind, parallel group study in 12 healthy male volunteers. After a 1-week run-in period on placebo, subjects were allocated at random to receive 150 mg indomethacin per day, either as controlled-release 'Flexin Continus' tablets or as slow-release 'Indocid' R capsules, for 2 weeks and followed up for a further 1 week. Faecal specimens were collected over a 4-day period in each week and blood loss calculated using a 51Chromium-labelled red cell count method. Mean blood loss during the placebo run-in period was 2.6 ml/4 days in both study groups. Mean blood loss during treatment Weeks 2 and 3 with 'Flexin Continus' was 8.6 ml/4 days and 7.9 ml/4 days, respectively, and during treatment with 'Indocid' R capsules was 13.9 ml/4 days and 14.2 ml/4 days, respectively. There was a carry-over effect from both preparations as seen by a steady decrease in blood loss during the week after treatment. The mean value for 'Flexin Continus' was 6.9 ml/4 days and for 'Indocid' R was 8.3 ml/4 days during the wash-out week. Faecal blood loss was not statistically significantly different between the two formulations. No significant deterioration in haematological or biochemical results occurred in either group. Adverse symptoms were less frequent with 'Flexin Continus' tablets.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Prospective study of clinical, laboratory, and ancillary staff with accidental exposures to blood or body fluids from patients infected with HIV.

In a prospective study of 150 health care workers in the United Kingdom who had been accidentally exposed to the human immunodeficiency virus no evidence of transmission was found. Larger studies in the United States and anecdotal accounts in publications from other countries confirm that the risk of occupational infection is very low. Health care workers must adopt safe procedures at all times, however, to avoid exposure to infection.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1987

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome without the recognized risk factors.

We report two cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), apparently without the usual exposure factors, in whom a temporal association was detected after detailed epidemiological investigation. The index case, a 45 year old housewife, had provided terminal home-nursing care for a 33 year old African man, who died from an undiagnosed encephalitis. At that time she had fissures of the skin of both her hands. Review of post-mortem pathology specimens of the African man allowed a retrospective diagnosis of AIDS with cerebral toxoplasmosis to be made. The type of home-nursing care given by the index case was quite different from that normally provided by health care workers with the training and facilities to prevent the spread of infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Length of survival of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome in the United Kingdom.

An analysis of the lengths of survival of patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome presenting with different opportunistic diseases was performed using epidemiological data routinely collected at the PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre. The overall crude case fatality rate was 55.4% (93/168). The median survival times were: 21.2 months for Kaposi's sarcoma, 12.5 months for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and 13.3 months for other opportunistic infections. The shortest median survival time (6.6 months) was found for those with both Kaposi's sarcoma and P carinii pneumonia. There were significant differences between durations of survival of patients with Kaposi's sarcoma and those with all other diseases, which indicated impaired cellular immunity apart from opportunistic infections. This analysis shows that those with Kaposi's sarcoma alone have the most favourable prognosis.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Estimating AIDS (UK)

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Some problems in the prediction of future numbers of cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the UK.

The outbreak of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the UK has great implications for health services, and predictions of future numbers of cases have been requested. There is not enough information to make a good estimate of the future epidemic curve, but the trend in new cases can be extrapolated and leads to a predicted number of new cases in the range 460 to 7300 in 1988, with a possible 700 patients from earlier years still alive and needing care at the beginning of 1988.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Deuterium labelled steroid hormones: tracers for the measurement of androgen plasma clearance rates in women.

A method employing stable isotope-labelled tracers and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis has been used to measure the plasma clearance rates (PCR's) of androstenedione (A) and testosterone (T) in normal women and women with androgen abnormalities including hirsutism and polycystic ovary syndrome. A solution of deuterium-labelled A and T is infused at a constant rate and blood samples taken at 2 and 2.25 h. Solvent extracts of the derived plasma samples, to which an internal standard has been added, are derivatized with pentafluoropropionic anhydride and the endogenous steroid and deuterated steroid are quantitated after an injection of the derivatization mixture into a capillary column GC-MS. The concentration of the deuterated steroid in the infusion mixture is measured and the PCR is calculated. In premenopausal normal women the PCRA is 1950 +/- 184 1/24 h (n = 5) and the PCRT is 484 +/- 82 1/24 h (n = 7).

Androgens↗