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Biomedical subjects

M Mayberry

Publications and source records attributed to M Mayberry.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Achalasia: a critical review of epidemiological studies.

Achalasia is one of the earliest recognized gastroenterological conditions. However, several centuries after it was first described, it remains also among the least understood. One of the main reasons for this is the relative rarity of the disease, which has resulted in limited opportunities to conduct investigative research. Few epidemiological studies have been conducted to date, and their data suggest a worldwide incidence estimated at between 0.03-1.1/10(5)/yr. This review of the literature on the epidemiology of achalasia lends support to the idea that pooling of resources and collaboration at an international level is required, if any significant progress in the cause, treatment, and prevention of the disease is to be made.

Esophageal Achalasia↗
PubMed1993

Proctitis and proctosigmoiditis--a need to identify the extent of disease in epidemiological surveys.

Proctitis and proctosigmoiditis may be distinct clinical entities. The lesions are restricted to the rectum or extend proximally to involve the sigmoid colon, respectively. Barium enema examination should be normal proximal to the rectum and sigmoid colon. Histology is used merely to confirm the disease process. We provide evidence drawn from a large epidemiological database that significantly more patients with proctitis than proctosigmoiditis followed over a mean period of 11 years became asymptomatic or had their diagnosis revised to a non-inflammatory bowel disease condition (p < 0.05). The 2 groups were well-matched for age, sex, duration of disease and received similar medical treatment. Future epidemiological studies and therapeutic trials should make a distinction between proctitis and proctosigmoiditis.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Education and young people with inflammatory bowel disease.

Children and their parents are often anxious that chronic disease may interfere with examination performance. The provision within schools for children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was investigated by a postal survey of headteachers of 98 schools with over 48,000 pupils in Leicestershire and Cardiff. Headteachers in Cardiff were more likely to have heard of ulcerative colitis (95%) than those in Leicestershire (70%), (X2 = 4.5, p less than 0.05). They knew of 16 children with inflammatory bowel disease. The majority of heads provide easy access to lavatories during examinations and would tell the examining body of a child's medical problem. While most heads would like more information about inflammatory bowel disease, few have facilities to inform teachers about chronic illness in young people. Most think healthy young people should be provided with information about chronic diseases, which they would like provided by nurses. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects over 1200 children in the United Kingdom. Children and their parents are concerned that these conditions will interfere with schooling, taking examinations and their employment (Rees et al 1983, Wyke et al 1988). Provisions by schools for children with IBD were investigated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Finite element analysis of six endosseous implants.

Stress magnitudes and contours in bone surrounding six endosteal post-type dental implants were calculated by using the finite element method. Comparisons were made by using Branemark, Core-Vent, Denar, Miter, Stryker, and experimental implant designs. Although certain assumptions were made that could be considered controversial, this study concluded that apical "punching stresses" with all of the implants were probably not clinically significant. Saucerization resulting from biomechanical overloads could be a possibility for three of the implants. Problems related to combinations of overloads and underloads at the same time were suggested for several more popular implants in the United States. Additional research, combining 3-D finite element models and clinical studies, was recommended for all commercially available dental implants.

Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗